2019-2020年高考英语一轮完形填空和阅读理解练习（6）.doc

2019-2020年高考英语一轮完形填空和阅读理解练习（6）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A.B.C和D项中，选出最佳选项。America is growing older. Fifty years ago, only 4 out of every 100 people in the United States were 65 or older. Today, 10 out of every 100 Americans are over 65. The aging of the population will affect American society in many ways education, medicine, and business. Quietly, the aging of America has made us a very different society one in which people have a quite different idea of what kind of behavior is suitable at various ages.A persons age no longer tells you anything about his/ her social position, marriage or health. Theres no longer a particular year in which one goes to school or goes to work or gets married or starts a family. The social clock that kept us on time and told us when to go to school, get a job, or stop working isnt as strong as it used to be. It doesnt surprise us to hear of a 29-year-old university president or a 35-year-old grandmother, or a 70-year-old man who has bee a father for the first time. Public ideas are changing.Many people say, “I am much younger than my mother or my father was at my age.” No one says “Act your age” any more. Weve stopped looking with surprise at older people who act in youthful ways.1. It can be learned from the text that the aging of the population in America _.A. has made people feel younger B. has changed peoples social positionC. has changed peoples understanding of age D. has slowed down the countrys social development2. The underlined word “one” refers to _.A. a society B. America C. a place D. population3. “Act your age” means people should _.A. be active when they are old B. do the right thing at the right ageC. show respect to their parents young or old D. take more physical exercises suitable to their age4. If a 25-year-old man bees general manager of a big firm, the writer of the text would most probably consider it _.A. normal B. wonderfulC. unbelievable D. unreasonable1. C 主旨题。根据第一、二段的最后一句及第三段可判断。2. A 细节题。one是a society的同位语且后面跟了一个定语从句，可以通过分析句子结构得出正确答案。3. B 细节题。全文最后一句话给出了提示。4. A 推理题。可仔细阅读第二段中倒数第二句话。时闻型阅读理解。Scientists have not found any signs of life on Mars yet, but they say a robotic vehicle called “Curiosity” is helping them learn a lot about the planets history and climate.Curiosity landed on Mars in August xx after travelling through space for more than eight months. It was sent to Mars by scientists from NASA in the United States.Curiosity is about the size of a car and has six wheels. It also has a robotic arm, cameras, and instruments that allow it to examine things it finds on the surface. Then it sends the information back to the earth.The Curiositys main task is to find out if anything could live on Mars, either now or in the past. On Nov. 2, NASA scientists held a press conference (新闻发布会) to discuss what Curiosity had found in its first two months on Mars.Curiosity has found soil that is similar to the sand formed by volcanoes (火山) on the earth. Scientists say that studying the minerals in Martian soil will help them understand what conditions were like on the planet in the past. Curiosity also found smooth stones like the ones found on river beds and seashores on the earth, where their rough edges have been worn down by water. Mars is very cold and dry now, but scientists say the smooth stones tell them that a river used to run through the place where they were found. Curiosity has been testing the atmosphere around Mars for a type of gas called methane (甲烷), but so far it has not found any. On the earth, most methane is produced by plants or animals. Methane on Mars might indicate that some types of tiny plants or animalslived there.Curiosity is the fourth robotic vehicle to be sent to Mars. It will continue to explore the planet for about two years.1. Which of the following descriptions about Curiosity is TRUE?A. It landed on Mars in January xx. B. It is small in size and has four arms.C. It took over eight months to arrive in Mars. D. It was sent to Mars by scientists from Russia.2. According to the information sent back by Curiosity, scientists believe that _ .A. theres no air on Mars B. Mars is warm and wet nowC. the soil on Mars is rich D. there used to be water on Mars3. The underlined word “they” in Paragraph 5 refers to “_”A. smooth stones B. rivers C. robotic vehicles D. volcanoes4. We know from the sixth paragraph that _ .A. some tiny animals once lived on Mars B. there are no plants or animals on Mars nowC. the atmosphere around Mars is full of methaneD. Curiosity is designed to test the atmosphere around the earth5. What is the main idea of the passage?A. Humans benefit a lot by going to Mars.B. Scientists will stop the research on Mars soon.C. It is possible to build an earthlike environment on Mars.D. A robotic vehicle helps scientists get useful information from Mars.【要点综述】 本文是一篇新闻，报道了“好奇号”机器人探索火星的最新情况。1C 细节理解题。根据第二段的“after travelling through space for more than eight months.”可知答案。2D 细节理解题。根据第五段的“Curiosity also found smooth stones like the ones found on river beds and seashores on the earth, where their rough edges have been worn down by water.”可直接得出答案。3A 词义推测题。根据第五段可知，这些光滑的石头原先粗糙的边角被磨平，就是因为水流冲击。石头不会被冲走，只能边角被磨平，所以在原地的是“光滑的石头”。4B 推理判断题。根据第六段可知：如果有甲烷，就表示有植物或动物存在的可能；但是“好奇号”到现在为止都没有在火星上找到甲烷。可见火星上至少现在是没有植物或动物的。5D 主旨大意题。根据全文的第一段可知答案。高考英语冲刺阅读理解专项。American researchers say drinking tea may help strengthen the bodys defense system against infection（感染）. Doctors at Brigham and Womens Hospital in Boston, Massachusetts, did the study. The team studied a chemical found in black, green, oolong and pekoe tea. This chemical is an amino acid（氨基酸）called L-theanine. The scientists say it may increase the strength of gamma delta T cells. Thats the letter T, not the drink. Gamma delta T cells are part of the bodys defenses.First, the researchers mixed some of these cells with antigens（抗原）found in the amino acid. Antigens help the body react to infection. Then the scientists added some bacteria（细菌）. Within twenty-four hours, the cells produced a lot of interferon, a substance that fights infection. Cells not mixed with the antigens did not produce interferon.In the second part of the study, eleven people drank five to six cups of black tea every day. Ten other people drank the same amount of instant coffee. That is dried coffee mixed with hot water.Two weeks later, and again two weeks after that, the researchers tested the blood of all twenty-one people. They also looked at what happened when they added bacteria to the blood cells. They found that the tea drinkers produced five times more interferon after they started drinking tea. The coffee drinkers did not produce interferon.Doctor Jack Bukowski led the study. He says the antigens added to the gamma delta T cells were responsible for the increased reaction to the bacteria. He says the study also showed that the cells were able to remember the bacteria and fight them again the next time.Earlier research already has found that tea can help prevent heart disease and cancer. Doctor Bukowski says the new study must be repeated with more people. If the findings prove to be true, he says, then tea drinking might also help protect against bacterial infections. He says the amino acid L-theanine could be removed from tea and used as a drug to strengthen the bodys defenses.1. We may know from the text that _ can be found in different kinds of tea.A. Gamma delta T cellsB. L-theanineC. interferonD. bacteria 答案解析：答案为B。本题为推理题。由第一段 “The team studied a chemical found in black, green, oolong and pekoe tea. This chemical is an amino acid called L-theanine.” 可知，在black, green, oolong and pekoe tea里面发现了叫做L-theanine的化学成分。故答案为B。2. Tea may help strengthen the bodys defense system because it helps _.A. the body to produce more interferon B. the body to produce more gamma delta T cellsC. to add some bacteria to the blood cells D. to mix antigens with some of the cells in the body答案解析：答案为A。本题为推理题。由第二段 “Within twenty-four hours, the cells produced a lot of interferon, a substance that fights infection.” 可知，细胞产生interferon，它可以抵抗感染，故可推断，茶能增强身体的抵抗能力因为它能帮助身体产生更多的interferon。故答案为A。3. According to Dr Bukowski, _.A. the findings of the study have already proved to be trueB. he has taken some amino acid L-theanine from tea and made a drug with itC. further study is needed to prove the findings trueD. he is not sure whether tea can help prevent heart disease and cancer 答案解析：答案为C。本题为推理题。由最后一段首句 “Earlier research already has found that tea can help prevent heart disease and cancer.” 可知，D选项错误。由该段的后文 “Doctor Bukowski says the new study must be repeated with more people. If the findings prove to be true”可知，A选项错误，C选项正确。由最后一句 “He says the amino acid L-theanine could be removed from tea and used as a drug to strengthen the bodys defenses.” 可知，Dr Bukowski认为可以从茶中提取amino acid L-theanine来制药，B选项与文意不符，故错误。4. What would be the best title for this Text?A. Tea Is Better Than Coffee.B. Tea May Help Fight InfectionC. Tea Can Help Prevent Cancer.D. Our Body Needs Tea 答案解析：答案为B。全文都是围绕第一段首句 “American researchers say drinking tea may help strengthen the bodys defense system against infection.” 展开，故标题为B选项。完形填空。My son Brendan cried on his first day of school.Even Mrs Phillips，a _1_，softspoken master of the sixyearold boy，could not put him to a _2_.His eyes streamed，his nose ran and he _3_me tightly.I pushed him off and _4_.It wasnt that Brendan didnt like school.He just didnt like being _5_ me.Wed had some _6_times in those preschool years.We played at the pool.We skated on quiet morning _7_.Now in Grade One，Brendan was _8_with five hours of wondering _9_I was doing with my day.Brendan always came home for _10_，the only one of his class not to eat at his desk.I walked him back，_11_until he saw someone he knew，then left.He told me once that he _12_me until he couldnt see me any more.So I always walked_13_and never looked back.One day when I _14_Brendan back after lunch，he saw a friend，kissed me goodbye，and _15_.Thinking of his new independence，I went，feeling _16_ for him.ThenI didnt know whyI looked back.And there he was.Brendan was watching me go.No book on mothering could have _17_me for that quick look into my childs soul.My _18_ went 15 years ahead to him packing boxes and his dog grown _19_and him saying，“Dry up，Mom.Its not like Im leaving the country.”I looked at my Brendan and thought，“OK，youre six for me forever.”With a smile I had to really dig for，I blew him a kiss，_20_and walked away.本文记述的是一位母亲的深情回忆：儿子Brendan刚上小学时，不愿和我分开，午饭也不像其他孩子那样在学校吃而是回家吃，然后由我送他回学校，分开时仍恋恋不舍地看着我的背影。终于孩子开始独立，然后长大，然后离开家。虽然不舍，但我知道，每个母亲都必须微笑着送孩子离开。文章字里行间浸透着浓浓的母爱，感人至深。1A.strange BspecialCpretty Dkind答案：D根据Even的语气暗示和后面的softspoken(说话柔和的)可知，Mrs Phillips是一个易让孩子们接受的好老师，故用kind来修饰。2A.bed BseatCbook Dschool答案：B由上下文可知，因为Brendan是第一天上学，所以他不愿意让妈妈离开，因此没有人能够让他坐到“座位”上去。3A.held onto Blooked atCsearched for Dworried about答案：A本句意为：他泪流满面，鼻子抽搭着，紧紧抓住我。由下一句的pushed him off(推开他)可推断出，孩子因为不愿意让妈妈走而紧紧抓着她。hold onto意为“紧抓不放”。4A.smiled BfellCescaped Dhurt答案：C作者把儿子推开，然后逃脱(escape)了。5A.afraid of Bapart fromCthankful for Dproud of答案：B不是Brendan不喜欢上学，而是他不想和妈妈分开。be apart from sb.表示“和某人分开”。be afraid of sb.“害怕某人”，be thankful for sb.“感谢某人”，be proud of sb.“为某人而骄傲”，都不符合文章。6A.good BtoughChard Dterrible答案：A下一句描述了他们在一起玩耍的情景，由此可推知，他们以前的时光应该是愉快的。good times“美好时光”。7A.water BsunlightCice Dwind答案：C由前面的skated(滑冰)可知，此处应用ice。8A.filled BdelightedCexcited Dfaced答案：DBrendan上一年级了，每天有5个小时要待在学校而不再是整天和妈妈待在一起。因此，在这5个小时里，他会猜想妈妈在做什么。be faced with意为“面对”，这里指面对5个小时的瞎琢磨。9. Awhat BhowCwhich Dthat答案：ABrendan用5个小时的时间来猜测作者在做什么。此处what引导宾语从句并在从句中作宾语。10. Abreakfast BlunchCsupper Dsleep答案：B根据语境以及下一段第一句中的after lunch可知，此处表示Brendan总是回家吃午饭(lunch)。11. Alived BrodeCpromised Dwaited答案：D由上下文可知，作者一直陪着儿子走，等(wait)到他遇到认识的人后再离开。12. Anoticed BobservedCwatched Dfound答案：C此处表示儿子注视着作者离开。watch“注视，观看”，侧重于观察事物的变化、移动和发展。observe“观察”，指长时间地看并研究，不符合语境。13. Afast BslowlyChappily Dnervously答案：A由下文的never looked back可知，作者不想让儿子一直注视着自己，因此她应该加快步伐，从不回头，故用fast。14A.fetched BtookCreceived Dheard答案：B上一段提到儿子回家吃饭，此处表示午饭后带儿子回学校。take sb.back意为“带某人回去”。15. Alaughed BranCplayed Dcame答案：B根据下句中的I went可知作者走开了，由此推断Brendan遇到朋友后和妈妈吻别，然后“跑”开了。16A.sad BluckyCinterested Dpleased答案：D儿子开始独立，作者应该会为儿子感到“高兴”。17A.asked BcalledCleft Dprepared答案：D本句意为：从来没有哪本育儿书教过我，这样的匆匆一瞥竟使我看到儿子的灵魂深处，我对此毫无准备。prepare sb.for sth.意为“使某人为某事做好准备”。18. Amind BheadChand Dbrain答案：A此处表示作者的思绪(mind)跳到了15年之后。19A.young BoldCtall Dstrong答案：B15年之后，儿子的狗当然是变老(old)了。20. Acried BshoutedCturned Dnodded答案：C由本段第三句可知，作者回头看儿子，因此此时作者应该是转过身(turn)，然后走了。