2019-2020年高考英语大一轮复习 定语从句 北师大版.doc

2019-2020年高考英语大一轮复习 定语从句 北师大版一、关系代词的用法1that和which的用法 (1)限制性定语从句中，必须用关系代词that的情况：当先行词是不定代词all，much，little，something，everything，anything，nothing，none，the one时。You should hand in all that you have.当先行词前面被the only，the very，any，few，little，no，all等词修饰时。This is the only thing that has been tried.当先行词是形容词最高级或先行词的前面有形容词最高级修饰时。This is the best that has been used against pollution.当先行词是序数词或它前面有序数词修饰时。This train is the last that will go to Suzhou.当先行词既有人又有物时。Do you know the things and persons that they are talking about?当主句的主语是疑问词who或which时。Which is the bike that you lost?有两个定语从句时，其中一个关系代词已用which，另外一个宜用that。They secretly built up a small factory，which produced things that could cause pollution.当先行词在主句中作表语，而关系代词也在从句中作表语时。Shanghai is no longer the city that it used to be.(2)定语从句中必须用which的情况：在非限制性定语从句中，只用which，不用that。Helen was much kinder to her youngest son than to the others，which，of course，made the others envy him.当动词短语中的介词提前时，只用which，不用that。This is a house in which Lu Xun once lived.2“介词关系代词”引导的定语从句“介词关系代词”引导定语从句时，关系代词只能用which(指物)或whom(指人)，即：介词which/whom。They may start as a group of highschool students，for whom practising their music in someones house is the first step to fame.He lived in a big house，in front of which stood a big tall apple tree.3as和which的区别(1)as引导的非限制性定语从句，既可在主句前，又可在主句后，有时还可插入主句中，而which引导的非限制性定语从句只能置于主句之后。相同的是两者都可替代主句的整个内容，而不是主句中的某一个词。The weather turned out to be very good，which was more than we could expect.(2)当非限制性定语从句放在主句前面时，只能用as。As is known to everybody，the moon travels round the earth once every month.(3)当定语从句放在主句后面时，也并不是as就永远等于which。当定语从句是否定句或表示否定时，只能用which。He came here very late，which was unexpected(not expected)当非限制性定语从句的谓语后跟一个复合结构时，只能用which引导定语从句。Betty always tells a lie，which her parents feel strange.二、关系副词的用法1当先行词在定语从句中作状语时，要用关系副词。I still remember the day when I first came to Beijing.(whenon which)Can you tell me the office where he works？(wherein which)2介词关系代词(which)where/when。有时为表达清楚，还可以在关系副词where/when前加介词from，to等。China is the birthplace of kites，from where kites spread to Japan and Korea.3高考对关系副词where的考查。高考试题中对于where的考查趋于复杂，从先行词为明显的“地点”转为“地点的模糊化”。事实上，对于where这个词，考生不能只理解为表地点。当先行词表示某人/物的situation，或某事所发展的stage，或表达某事的某个方面时都可用where这个关系副词。The accident has reached to a point where both their parents are to be called in.1Stephen Hawking believes that the earth is unlikely to be the only planet_life has developed gradually.(xx福建，24)Athat BwhereCwhich Dwhose2The girl arranged to have piano lessons at the training centre with her sister_she would stay for an hour.(xx江西，31)Awhere Bwho Cwhich Dwhat3Thats the new machine_parts are too small to be seen.(xx山东，24)Athat Bwhich Cwhose Dwhat 4.Can you believe I had to pay 30 dollars for a haircut?You should try the barbers_I go.Its only 15.(xx天津，8)Aas Bwhich Cwhere Dthat5The old temple_roof was damaged in a storm is now under repair.(xx陕西，11)Awhere Bwhich Cits Dwhose一、选择合适的关系词填空1The authors of puter viruses are geniuses.I agree.They should apply their wisdom to other net technology from _(which/that) human beings can benefit.2During World War ，he took many photos，_(of which/by which) some captured the emotions of both the soldiers and the civilians in the wartorn Europe.3We shouldnt spend our money testing so many people，most of _(which/whom) are healthy.4That is the small house less than 20 square meters，under _(which/whose)roof lives a large family of three generations.5Tom took the police to the spot _(which/where) the accident happened.6The lazy boy is expecting a way _(that/which) he can get through the exams without hard work.7Since 1995，_(when/which) people call the Year of the Internet，the world has turned flat thanks to the network.8This is the same watch _(that/which) I lost.二、单项填空1It is morning _ we have four classes，not afternoon.Awhen Bwhich Cthat Dwhy2Thousands of Haitians cheered as the Chinese medical team arrived，many of _ even cried with joy.Athose Bthem Cwhom Dwho3The appearance of a super skyscraper in the desert is far beyond our imagination，_ throws great doubt on the height of the tall building.Athat Bone Cwhich Dit4He saw her ing，and advised me to hide behind the door，_ advice I took at once.Awhose Bwhat Cthat Dwhich5With the reform of educational system，the teachers _ school I worked before have greatly changed their way of teaching.Ain whose BwhoseCin which Dwhich6Shes in a hopeless situation，_ we will keep a very close eye on.Awhere Bwhen Cwhich Dthat7Ms.Claire is a strict but kind teacher，_ I respect and appreciate most.Athat Bwhat Cone Dwhich8The good situation came at last _ we had been expecting in the past two years.Awhere BthatCwhen Din which9On the top of the mountain stands an old temple，inside _ is an old tower.Awhat BthatCwhich Dwhere10The National Education Department says school safety has set off alarm bells with frequent serious accidents _ students got injured or even killed.Athat Bin which Cby which Dwhen答案感悟高考1B句意为：斯蒂芬霍金认为：地球不大可能是有生命进化现象的唯一星球。限制性定语从句中缺少地点状语，where在此处引导定语从句并作地点状语，修饰先行词planet。A、C和D三个选项都不能在从句中作状语。2A句意为：这个女孩安排在培训中心和她的妹妹上钢琴课，在那儿她要待上一个小时。where在句中引导定语从句，修饰先行词the training centre。3C句意为：那是台新机器，它的零件小得都看不见。whose引导定语从句，在从句中作parts的定语。 4.C答句前句句意为：你应该去我去的那家理发店尝试一下。where引导定语从句，在定语从句中作状语，并替代先行词the barbers(理发店)。其余选项不能在定语从句中作地点状语。5D句意为：那座房顶在一场暴风雨中被毁坏的古老的寺庙现在正在维修。whose引导定语从句，并在定语从句中作定语，修饰roof。领悟语法一、1.which2.of which3.whom4.whose5.where6.that7.which8.that二、1.Awhen引导定语从句修饰先行词morning并在从句中作时间状语。2Cwhom引导定语从句指代先行词thousands of Haitians。3Cwhich引导非限制性定语从句，指代前一句的内容且在从句中作主语。4Awhose引导定语从句指代先行词he且在从句中作advice的定语。5Awhose指代先行词the teachers，in whose school在定语从句中作地点状语。6Cwhich指代前一句的内容，引导非限制性定语从句且在从句中作on的宾语。7Cone作a strict but kind teacher的同位语，I respect and appreciate most作one的定语，其前省略了关系词。8Bthat指代先行词the good situation，引导定语从句且在从句中作expect的宾语。9Cwhich指代先行词an old temple且引导定语从句。10Bin which引导定语从句修饰先行词accidents且在从句中作地点状语。