主谓一致和therebe句型.ppt

主谓一致和therebe句型一、主谓一致：主谓一致即谓语受主语支配，须和主语在人称和数上保持一致。主谓一致一般遵循三条原则：语法一致原则意义一致原则就近一致原则,1.语法一致的原则,（1）动词不定式或动名词短语作主语时，谓语动词要用单数。例如：WatchingTVtoomuchisbadforyoureyes.Toworkhardisnecessaryforastudent.（2）由and或bothand连接的并列成分作主语时，谓语动词用复数。例如：BothheandIareright.Mr.BlackandMrs.BlackhaveasoncalledTom.但并列主语如果指的是同一人，同一事物或同一概念，谓语动词用单数。例如：Thepoetandwriterhascome.那个诗人兼作家已经来了。（3）当主语后面有with,like,except,besides,but，aswellas等引导的名词或代词时，谓语动词的单复数取决于主语的数。例如：Theteacherwithhisstudentsisgoingtovisitthemuseum.Nobodybuttwoboyswaslateforclass.,4）一些只有复数形式的名词，如people,police,clothes，glasses,shoes,trousers,chopsticks等作主语时，谓语动词要用复数。例如：,Alotofpeoplearedancingoutside.,Thepolicearelookingforlostboy.Wherearemyshoes?Icantfindthem.,Somebodyisusingthephone.Neitherofthemlikestheactor.,Herearesomenewpairsofshoes.,Mynewpairofsocksisonthebed.,（5）不定代词somebody,anything,everybody,each,either,neither等作主语时，谓语动词用单数。例如：,但如果这类名词前用了apairof等，则往往用作单数，谓语动词的单复数形式往往取决于pair的单复数形式。例如：,Iseverybodyready?,（6）oneof+名词复数,thenumberof+名词复数作主语时谓语动词用单数。（anumberof+名词复数作主语时，谓语动词用复数。）例如：Thenumberofthestudentsinthisschoolis2,000.Anumberofboysareplayingbasketballontheplayground.,2.意义一致的原则,（1）表时间、距离、价格、度量衡等的名词作主语时，谓语动词通常用单数。例如：,Twentyyearsisnotalongtime.,Tendollarsistoodear.,（2）有些集体名词，如family,class,group等作主语时，如作为一个整体看待，谓语动词用单数；如指其中每个成员，则用复数。例如：,Myfamilyisabigone.,MyfamilyarewatchingTV.,（3）“分数或百分数+of+名词”构成的词组作主语时，其谓语动词要以of后面的名词而定。名词是复数，谓语动词用复数：名词是单数，谓语动词用单数。例如：,Itissaidthat35percentofthedoctorsarewomen.,Threefourthsofthesurfaceoftheearthissea.,3.邻近一致的原则,（1）由连词or,eitheror,neithernor,notonlybutalso,等连接的并列主语，谓语动词与最靠近它的主语一致。例如：EitheryouorIamright.Neitherthechildrennortheteacherknowsanythingaboutit.（2）在“Therebe”句型中,谓语动词和靠近的主语一致Therearetwoapplesandoneegginit.（3）以here开头的句子，其谓语动词和靠近的主语一致。Hereisaletterandsomebooksforyou.,二、therebe句型1、therebe与have/has的区别。2、就近原则3、否定形式及一般疑问句反义疑问句形式4、不同时态的形式，尤其是therebe的一般将来时Therewillbe=Thereis/aregoingtobe例如：Thereislittlemilkinthefridge,isthere?Therewillbemoretreesinthefuture.Thereisgoingtobeafootballmatchthisevening.,练习,1.Notonlyhisparentsbutalsohisbrother_totheSummerPalace.Theyhaventbeenback.A.havebeenB.havegoneC.hasbeenD.hasgone2.Howtimeflies!Tenyears_passed.A.haveB.hasC.isD.are3.Neitherhisclassmatesnorhisfriend_goingshopping.A.likesB.likeC.likedD.liking4.Thewriteranddoctorforjustalittletimeeverynight.A.sleepB.sleepsCissleepingD.aresleeping5.EveryoneexceptTomandJohnstudyingforthefinaltestnow.A.areB.isC.wereD.was,答案：1-5：D,B,A,B,B,6.Thereabookandthreepensonmydeskjustnow,butnowthereisnothingonit.A.hadB.wereC.wasD.have7.Thenumberofbooksinthebookshopisabout10,000andanumberofthemaboutscience.A.isB.wasC.areD.were8.ThereanEnglishpartyinourschoolthisevening.A.hasB.isgoingtohaveC.isgoingtobeD.willhave9.TendollarsenoughforustobuythatEnglish-Chinesedictionary.A.isntB.arentC.werentD.wasnt10.Heistheonlyoneofthestudentswhoawinnerofscholarshipforthreeyears.A.isB.areC.havebeenD.hasbeen,答案：6-10:C,C,C,A,D,