2019-2020年高三上学期质量检测（12月）英语试题含解析.doc

2019-2020年高三上学期质量检测（12月）英语试题含解析【试卷综评】本试卷围绕时代内容设计基础能力题，旨在考查教师平时学生的基础知识掌握情况，比如单项选择的设计。完形填空和阅读理解选材具有时代性，紧密联系生活实际，选项设计灵活合理，注重考查学生的阅读理解能力。任务型阅读重点考查学生的阅读和表达能力，书面表达联系实际以把“人与人应和谐相处”为题，考查学生的英语实际运用能力。总之，本次试卷难度适中，是一份质量较高的试卷。本卷分为第卷（选择题）和第卷（非选择题），满分120分。考试时间120分钟。第 I 卷（选择题,三部分,共75分）第一部分 听力（共两节，每题1分，满分20分）第一节(共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1. What does the man want?A. A tennis game. B. An online game. C. A shooting game.2. What will the man do next?A. Make dinner. B. Wash the dishes. C. Watch TV.3. What does the man mean? A. He prefers to keep the window closed. B. He is too busy to open the window. C. He agrees to open the window at once.4. What is the time now? A. About 5:30. B. About 5:00. C. About 4:30.5. What does the man suggest doing? A. Pressing the emergency button. B. Calling the service centre. C. Doing nothing for a short while.第二节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6. What did the woman spend $10 on？ A. The taxi. B. The hot dogs. C. The popcorn and drinks.7. Where did the speakers go just before they went home? A. To the convenience store. B. To the movies. C. To the new hot dog place.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8. What relation is Ms Leska to the woman? A. Her roommate. B. Her cousin. C. Her workmate.9. Who will probably meet Kevin at the bus station? A. Claudia. B. Tara. C. Albee.10. What will the woman do at 3:00 p.m.? A. Meet the man. B. Look after Ms Leska. C. Teach a class.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11. How did the man learn to play instruments? A. He taught himself. B. He learned it at school. C. He learned it at pubs and clubs.12. What instrument did the man play first? A. The piano. B. Keyboards. C. The drum.13. When did the man leave school? A. In 1981. B. In 1992. C. In 1997.听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。14. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. An article. B. A newspaper. C. A minibus.15. How did the girl fall down on the road? A. She tripped over something. B. She was knocked over by a car. C. She slipped because of the wet road.16. Who flew out in the accident? A. A car driver. B. A minibus driver. C. A minibus passenger.17. What can we learn from the conversation? A. The accident took place on Tuesday. B. A truck was involved in the accident.C. The woman witnessed the accident. 听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。18. When were the speaker and his friends caught in a storm? A. The second night. B. The fifth night. C. The last night.19. What was the weather like on the last day? A. Rainy. B. Cloudy. C. Fine.20. What do we know about the speaker? A. He was persuaded into the trip. B. He walked 100 miles in one week. C. He was disappointed at the trip.二英语知识运用(共两节，满分35分)第一节 单项填空 (共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)【题文】21. As long as my drive tester instructed me to pull into the parking lot, I was sure I _.A. passed B. have passed C. was passed D. had passed【答案】【知识点】A11 动词的时态与语态 【答案解析】D。解析：句意：只要我的驾驶教练告诉我拖进停车场，我相信我就通过了。pass“通过考试等”，根据题干中的was sure和从句中也用的过去时，故判断应该用过去时。故选D。【技巧点拨】熟记常见时态含义，根据语境判断时态。【题文】22. Last year alone, the temporary unemployment insurance lifted 2.5 million people out of poverty, and _ the blow for many more.A. corrected B. cushioned C. pensated D. corresponded 【答案】【知识点】A7 动词 【答案解析】B 解析：A更正；B对应；C补偿；D缓冲。句意：仅去年一年，临时失业保险使2500000人摆脱了贫困，并为更多的人缓冲了失业打击。根据句意选B项。【技巧点拨】注意积累牢记类似动词含义，体悟语境。【题文】23. While talking to you, your could-be employer is deciding whether your education, your experience, and other qualifications will pay him to employ you _ your abilities must be displayed in an orderly and reasonably connected manner. A. while B. when C. and D. but【答案】【知识点】A6 连词与介词 【答案解析】C 解析：。句意：在与你谈话时，你未来的雇主就在掂量，如果雇佣你，你所受的教育、工作经历和其他资格是否会使他受益，和你的能力必须要有条不紊地、合情合理地展示出来。此处是并列句，应用and。but表示两个句子之间的转折关系。while和when一般引导状语从句。故选C项。【题文】24. _, I can attach no definite meaning to this rather grand sentence.Why not turn to your teacher for help? A. As hard I might tryB. Try hard as I mightC. As hard as I might tryD. Try as hard as I might【答案】【知识点】A14 状语从句连接词as引导的让步状语从句 【答案解析】B 解析：句意：-尽管我很努力，但我不明白这个相当重要的句子。-为什么不转向老师求助呢？根据as让步状语从句的结构之一：动词原形 + as + 主语 + 谓语的另一部分（情态动词或助动词may, might, will, would等）判断选择B。【技巧点拨】掌握as引导让步状语从句的结构。【典型总结】as引导让步状语从句的结构as可引导让步状语从句，表示“虽然、尽管”，但要用部分倒装结构，形式如下： 形容词 + as + 主语 + 系动词。如：Tired as he is, he offers to help me. 尽管他已经很累了，他还是主动提出帮助我。过去分词 + as + 主语 + 系动词。如：Well-written as the book is, the author is not satisfied and prepared to revise it. 尽管这本书写得很好，作者还是不满意并打算修改它。词 + as + 主语 + 系动词。如：Student as he is, he does not study hard. 他虽然是个学生，却不努力学习。 副词 + as + 主语 + 谓语部分。如：Much as I admire his courage, I dont think he acted wisely.我虽然崇拜他的勇气，但我认为他这样做是不明智的。动词原形 + as + 主语 + 谓语的另一部分（情态动词或助动词may, might, will, would等）。如：Try as you will, you wont be able to persuade him. 不管你怎么努力，你都说服不了他。【题文】25. The true traveler sets out to make an independent, unhurried journey to the unknown, travelling _ few people have set foot. A. in which B. what C. when D. where【答案】【知识点】A14 状语从句连接词where的用法 【答案解析】D 解析：句意：真正的旅行者进行独立，从容不迫的走向未知的旅程，旅行few people have set foot.很少有人涉足的地方。A引导定语从句，应有先行词；B引导主语从句；C引导时间状语从句；D引导地点状语从句。根据从句中缺少地点状语，主句应有地点状语，故选D项。【题文】26. The proportion of elderly people increases in Britain and medical advances make it possible to keep alive patients who _ previously.A. would dieB. had diedC. should have diedD. would have died【答案】【知识点】A10 情态动词与虚拟语气 【答案解析】D 解析：句意：在英国和医学进展方面老年人的比例使先前去世的病人仍然存活成为可能。根据题干中的preciously判断应该是die动作发生在过去，此从句应是与过去事实相反的假设，使用would + have +过去分词结构。故previously.故故选D项。【技巧点拨】注意积累后跟up的动词短语，并进行辨析短语含义。【题文】27. Did Jack take the doctors advice that he _ in bed for another three days? If only he_Alie; had Blies; does Clies; would Dlie; did【答案】【知识点】A10 情态动词与虚拟语气 【答案解析】D 解析：句意：-Jack采纳了医生要他再卧床三天的建议了吗？-要是他采纳了就好了。题干中that后是advice的同位语从句，advice建议，其后的定语从句必须用should +动词原形，should可以省略。If only +过去完成时表示对过去事实相反，要是就好了。故选D项。【技巧点拨】牢记should + 动词原形的使用情况。【典型总结】虚拟语气中should + 动词原形的使用情况与将来事实可能相反 : should + 动词原形 , would(第一人称可用should)+动词原形 .在句型“It isWas+形容词+that从句”中，当形容词为“important,necessary，strange，natural等时，从句中要用“should+动词原形”(should可省略)。在句型“It iswas+名词+that从句” 中，当名词为“a pity，a shame，no wonder等时，从句中要用“should+动词原形”(should可省略)。当主句的谓语动词为“suggest，propose，advise，insist，order，demand，require，request， desire等表示“建议”、“命令”、“请求”和“要求”的动词时，其后的宾语从句中要用虚拟语气“should+动词原形”(在美国英语中 should省略)。当suggestion，advice，order，proposal等名词做主语出现表语从句，作先行词出现同位语或定语从句时，从句中使用should+动词原形”(在美国英语中 should省略)【题文】28. The kitchen might have been workable had Nicola kept it tidy; _ it was littered with pots and pans. A. thereforeB. anyhowC. insteadD. though【答案】【知识点】A6 连词与介词 【答案解析】A 解析：A因此，所以；B无论如何；C相反；D虽然，但是。句意：如果尼古拉保持厨房的整洁，厨房可能可以工作，因此，到处是锅碗瓢盆。题干中前一分句用的是虚拟语气，说明尼古拉没有保持厨房整洁，后一分句是客观现实，前一分句造成的结果，故选A项。【题文】29. Time is pressing; its impossible for me to get there in an hour, _ the possible delays.A. accounting for B. answering for C. allowing for D. heading for【答案】【知识点】A8 动词短语 【答案解析】C 解析：A解释，说明；B报应；C允许；D向走去。句意：时间很紧迫。我一个小时之内不可能到达那里，允许可能延误。根据句意选C项。【技巧点拨】注意积累后跟for的动词短语，并进行辨析短语含义。【题文】30. Happiness is a butterfly, which, when pursued, is always just beyond your grasp, but _, if you will sit down quietly, may alight upon you.A. thatB. whichC. oneD. whose 【答案】【知识点】A15 定语从句 A2 代词 【答案解析】C 解析：题干中but说明前后是分句，but后有if条件句，one=a butterfly作后一分句的主语。其他三个选项都是引导定语从句的引导词，空前没有先行词，故排除。句意：Happiness is a butterfly, which, when pursued, is always just beyond your grasp, but _, if you will sit down quietly, may alight upon you幸福是一只蝴蝶，它，追寻时，总也抓不到，但一只，如果你悄悄地坐下来，它也许会落到你身上。根据句意选C项。【题文】31. The deal, _ next week, will allow Charney to make a great fortune in the stock market. A. pleted B. being pleted C. to be pleted D. having been pleted【答案】【知识点】A9 非谓语动词 【答案解析】C 解析：句意：这份协议，bepleted next week, will allow Charney to make a great fortune in the stock market.下周完成，将会让Charney到在股票市场赚一大笔钱。deal协议，句子的主语是plete的动作承受者，且next week修饰，表示动作在将来完成，故应选用不定式的被动式作状语，故选C项。【题文】32. Im sorry to tell you that you made a mistake in your test. How can that be? I did it _ in class. A. as told B. as am told C. as telling D. as I told 【答案】【知识点】A14 状语从句 【答案解析】A 解析：句意：-很遗憾地告诉你在测试中你犯了一个错误。-怎么可能呢？我在测试中是让怎么做就怎么做的。as与非谓语动词连用，I是tell的动作承受者，状语从句补充完整就是as I was told，由于从句主语与主句主语一致，可省去从句的主语和系动词采用省略句。故选A项。【题文】33. By pretending to be ill, the candidate tried to run away from _ issues, which always aroused too much debate. A. confidential B. controversial C. contemporary D. contradictory【答案】【知识点】A4 形容词 【答案解析】B 解析：A机密的；B有争议的；C当代的；D对立的，矛盾的。句意：那位候选人想通过身体不舒服来避开回答已经引起太多争论的问题。根据句意选B项。【题文】34. Whats up? Whats that terrible noise from our upstairs neighbor?The spoiled boy is yelling and screaming to _, I guess. A. mend his wayB. stop his wayC. push his wayD. get his way【答案】【知识点】A8 动词短语 【答案解析】D 解析：A改邪归正；B阻止；C推开人前行；D挡路。句意：-什么事？从我们楼上的邻居传来的可怕的噪音是什么？-被宠坏的孩子大喊大叫的让他过去，我猜。根据句意选D项。【技巧点拨】注意积累后关于way的动词短语，并进行辨析短语含义。【典型总结】 关于way的常见短语make ones way: The team slowly made their way through the jungle.这一队人艰难地行走在丛林中。 push ones way: He pushed his way through the crowd.他推开人群挤出去了。 lose ones way: He lost his way in the big city.在这个大城市里，他迷失了方向。 pick ones way: He had to pick his way along the muddy path. 在泥泞的小路上，他只得择路而行。 fight ones way: The surrounded soldiers fought their way out.这些被包围的士兵杀出了一条生路。 feel ones way: We couldnt see anything in the cave, so we had to feel our way out.我们在洞里什么也看不到，只得摸着出去。 inch ones way: On seeing the snake, he inched his way backwards.一看到那条蛇，他就缓慢地退走了。 laugh ones way: He laughs his way through life. 他一辈子笑待人生。 wind ones way: The path winds its way to the top of the mountain.这条小路蜿蜒通向山顶。 elbow ones way: He elbowed his way to the front of the queue.他(用肘)挤到队前面。 grope ones way : He drank too much and then groped his way back to the bedroom.他喝得太多了，踉踉跄跄得摸进卧室。limp ones way: He was hurt in the left leg so that he had to limp his way home.他的左腿受伤，只得一瘸一拐地走回家。dig ones way: Mark Twain began digging his way to regional fame as a newspaper reporter. 作为一名记者,马克吐温开始在当地崭露头角。get in the way.妨碍 show somebody the way.为某人引路lead the way.带路 set in ones ways.旧习难改mend ones ways.改邪归正 just the other way.恰恰相反 put it another way.换言之 go/take ones own way.一意孤行give way (to).退让 【题文】35. - The manager of the factory wants to improve production a great deal, but he doesnt spend much on technology.-I am afraid he wont realize his dream. You know _.A. you cant eat your cake and have it B. empty vessels make the greatest soundC. enough is as good as a feast D. two heads are better than one【答案】【知识点】A13 名词性从句中谚语式宾语从句 【答案解析】A 解析：A鱼和熊掌,不能兼得；B（一瓶子不满）半瓶子晃荡；C知足常乐,凡事适可而止；D三个臭皮匠等于一个诸葛亮。句意：-工厂的经理希望提高产量很大，但他不在技术上投资太多的钱。-恐怕他不会实现他自己的梦想。你知道鱼和熊掌,不能兼得。根据句意选A项。【技巧点拨】注意积累常见谚语的含义。第二节：完形填空（共20小题；每小题1分，共20分）【题文】阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Three packs of cigarettes were lying there on the pavement. I went down from Shubentsovs office doorstep, picked them up and pocketed them. Later, in a bar, when I opened the first pack, I found to my 36 the twenty cigarettes were there.Im still at the bar, telephone in one 37 and the cigarettes in the other. Im dialing Shubentsov, who told me to call the moment I felt the urge to 38 . I feel it, feel it even 39 than I felt Shubentsovs healing energy. Thats saying something, since Shubentsov is known around the world for 40 smokers of their nasty habit, using a 41 method. He sent his healing energy from his fingertips, he tells me something he picked up from another man in Russia. “I help you for free,” he told me in his muddy accent. “Just call me 42 .”I went to see Shubentsov. I think its time to 43 because Im getting old, and I cant keep doing this to myself. But heres the real problem. I should quit, but like a lot of you 44 with the same habit, I really dont want to. Smoking has been very good to me. Cigarettes have never let me down, never abandoned me on 45 , desperate nights. Smoking 46 my head, helps me 47 . Smoking has started conversations, driven away annoying people. Smoking helps me celebrate victories, get over losses, fort the fortless. It also chases away the mosquitoes.I will 48 . Soon, my body and my mind are demanding that , daily. I claim to smoke for pleasure, but I realise that slowly Im losing control of this close, special friend. I 49 that. I realise its not just a “habit”. Im 50 . So here I am, attempting to 51 again, at Shubentsovs place. Ive tried all the other quitting techniques 52 . Anytime the urge to smoke 53 , he said, just call him immediately and hell help. The funny thing is, I realise that Im not phoning him to stop me from lighting up. Im phoning him so I can. If I call, Ill have done my part. Then I can smoke this cigarette. Besides, I know that at 9.30 on a Friday night, Ill get the answering machine. I do. “The office is open from ten to four. Call me back then. This machine does not take messages.”I put the phone down and I can honestly say Im 54 . You see, its not Shubentsovs fault or anyone elses fault that Im still 55 . Its mine.Now if youll excuse me, Im going to smoke this cigarette. Whether Ill really enjoy it, though, is another story.36.A. sadness B. disappointment C. inspiration D. delight37. A. pack B. hand C. pocket D. bar38.A. smoke B. talk C. drink D. dial39.A. weaker B. faster C. stronger D. harder40.A. accusing B. helping C. developing D. curing41.A. popular B. mysterious C. frightening D. dangerous42.A. whenever B. whatever C. however D. whichever43. A. start B. continue C. stop D. keep44. A. struggling B. beating C. hitting D. playing45.A.lovely B. friendly C. lonely D. daily46.A. destroys B. hurts C. cuts D. clears47.A. breathe B. smile C. see D. think48.A. begin B. quit C. report D. study49.A. hate B. love C. ignore D. miss50.A. ill B. excited C. addicted D. fascinated51. A. give in B. give up C. give off D. give away52.A. available B. alike C. abnormal D. additional53.A.strikes B. attacks C. indicates D. continues54.A.disappointed B. unhappy C. satisfied D. relieved55.A.living B. working C. smoking D. smiling【答案】【知识点】B5 应用文 【文章综述】本文是应用文。全文以幽默的语调讲述了作者戒烟但没戒成的故事。【答案解析】36D名词辨析。A悲伤；B失望；C激励；D高兴。根据句意：作者看到香烟还在，感到很高兴。故选D。37B名词辨析。A包；B手；C口袋；D条。句意：一只手拿烟，另一只手拿着电话。故此处选B。38A动词辨析。A抽烟；B谈话；C喝酒；D拨打。根据句意：我一感到想抽烟就打电话给Shubentsov，故选A。39C形容词辨析。A更弱；B更快；C更强烈；D更辛苦。此处是作者抽烟的愿望更强烈了。故选C。40D动词辨析。A控告；B帮助；C发展；D治愈。cure sb. of sth 此处表示矫正某人的恶习。选D。41B形容词辨析。A流行的；B秘密的；C令人害怕的；D危险的。从下文可以看出Shubentsov用的是一种神秘的方法。选B。42A连词辨析。A无论何时；B无论什么；C无论多；D无论哪一个。Shubentsov叫作者无论何时都可以打电话给他。故选A。43C动词辨析。A开始；B继续；C停止；D保持。作者觉得他老了，应该停止抽烟了。故选C。44A动词辨析。A挣扎，搏斗；B打；C拍打；D玩。此处作者觉得不想和一种习惯“搏斗”。故应选A。45C形容词辨析。A可爱的；B友好的；C寂寞的；D日常的。根据句意：在孤独、绝望的夜晚，抽烟给作者带来的好处。故应选C。46D动词辨析。句意：抽烟使我脑子清醒，帮助作者思考。A毁坏；B伤害；C切断；D清醒，清楚。故选D。47D动词辨析。A呼吸；B微笑；C看到；D思考，认为。句意：抽烟使我脑子清醒，帮助作者思考。故选D。48B动词辨析。A开始；B放弃；C报告；D学习。上段讲了抽烟曾经带来的好处，此处quit表示放弃。故选B。49A动词辨析。此处表示作者由于失控了，所以产生了讨厌、厌恶的情绪。A憎恶；B爱；C忽视；D想念，错过。故选A。50C形容词辨析。 A生病的；B激动的；C上瘾的；D感到迷恋的。作者意识到抽烟不是习惯，而是上瘾了。根据题意选C。51B动词短语辨析。A屈服；B放弃；C发出；D赠送。此处表示作者又想放弃了。故选B。52A形容词辨析。A可利用的，有效的；B像样的；C不一般的；D额外的。此处表示有效的手段。故选A。53A动词辨析。A敲打，来到；B袭击；C暗示；D继续。strike表示“来到”，此处表示当抽烟的愿望来到的时候。判断选A。54 D形容词短语。A失望的；B不高兴的；C满意的；D放松的。这里表示每当作者感到迫切想抽烟时，就在周五晚上9:30打电话，因为那时是机器自动回复的。打完电话，继续抽烟，给自己找到了抽烟的借口，作者感到松口气。故选D。 55C句意：我还是在抽烟。A居住；B工作；C抽烟；D继续。故选C。第三部分 阅读理解(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)请认真阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。【题文】ASeeing in Stereo Have you wondered why you have two eyes and why they are set close together on the front of your face? The reasons are simple and important to the way you see the rest of your world Your eyes are like two small cameras. A camera catches an image of an object and records it on filmSimilarly，when you look at something，each eye takes in what it sees and sends this image to the back of the eyeballBecause your eyes are set close together，they view the world from about the same height but from slightly different angles. Working as a team, the eyes send the images to your brain, which puts them together into a single, centered image. Seeing in stereo means seeing with two eyes working together，which is called stereoscopic sightThis allows you to view the world in three dimensions，or 3-DSeeing depth helps you to judge the distance between you and the objects you see and to adjust to the changing angle at which you see something as you move closer to or farther away from itIf images are ing from only one eye, however，only two of these dimensions-height and width-can be perceivedA world seen with one eye is thus two-dimensional，as in a photograph Now consider why your two eyes are on the front of your faceThink of other animals with this same arrangementThey are all animals that hunt，like lions and wolvesTheir eyes face directly in front of themThis provides a field of sight about 180 degrees wide，which is called binocular sightOn the other hand，animals that are hunted have eyes on the sides of the head，which provides nearly 360-degree field of sightIn order to stay alive，they need to see things ing from the sides and from behindHowever，without stereoscopic sight，they have difficulty determining how far a danger is With sight both stereoscopic and binocular，humans share with animal hunters the ability to see from side to side and to accurately determine the distanceIf you think it would be great to have another type of sight，perhaps with hundreds of tiny eyes like many insects do，think again! Each tiny insect eye sees only a tiny partBesides，what if you needed glasses? Be glad for the eyesight that you have56. According to the passage，an eye is like a camera because both A. can record images B. can imagine objects C. provide centered images D. work at the same height57. Stereoscopic sight is a result of having A. a three-hundred-sixty-degree field of sightB. hundreds of eyes，all seeing parts of an imageC. two eyes close to one another that work togetherD. one eye on either side of the head，each seeing a different image58The author implies that “seeing in stereo” Ais similar to the way cameras workBis an