2019-2020年高考英语（四月）阅读理解、完形填空课外练（8）.doc

2019-2020年高考英语（四月）阅读理解、完形填空课外练（8）阅读理解【xx山东烟台模拟】If youre in Florence，Italy，and see a man on a ladder wiping the dust off statues and buildings，dont worry.Its just Alessandro Ricci gathering material for his famous smog paintings.Ricci is not a mon artist，because he used smog as the main medium of his artworks.Unlike other painters seeking fast recognition of their talent，he doesnt really care about “being this big artist”Instead he is more concerned about bringing attention to how much smog there really is in his home town and how its destroying both its monuments and people.Although he did take a couple of art classes a few years back，he is mainly selftaught，doesnt work in a studio，donates most of his work，and refuses to play by the rules of the Florentine Art Gallery，which he considers corrupt.Alessandro Ricci believes selling his smog paintings will not only promise his principles，but also contradict the very thing hes trying to doraise awareness about smog pollution in this city.Alessandro lives with his parents nearby Florence，but almost every day he visits the streets of the city，and collects smog for his paintings.He gets it from several meters above ground，from clean surfaces like marble，plastic and stone，using damp pieces of cotton.Then he applies the smog directly onto a cloth and creates street scenes and reproductions of the very buildings from which he got the dangerous material.Finally，he seals his paintings with a natural resin (树脂)His actions helped win a small victory for the people of Florence，as in October 25,xx the Duomo area of the city was made pedestrianonly.But there is still a long way to go，the artist believes，and only cleaning the thick layer of smog that has accumulated throughout Florence would take several years.Still，he continues to paint his unique smog artworks and let the people know how polluted the environment they live in really is.1What does the text mainly tell us?AFlorentine artist fights pollution by painting with smog.BRicci invents a unique way to paint buildings in Florence.CPeople in Florence gather smog to create street scenes.DFlorence takes measures to improve the polluted city.2In what way is Ricci quite different from other artists?AHe lacks talent in art work.BHe cares little about fame.CHe hates all the art Galleries.DHe likes to do things at will.3Ricci paints his unique smog artworks aiming to_.Afight government corruption Badvertise the monumentsCcreate more street scenes Draise awareness about pollution4What is Paragraph 4 mainly about?AThe place where Ricci lives.BThe problem that Florence faces.CThe way Riccis paints with smog.DThe materials for his painting.5We can learn from the last paragraph that_.ADuomo area of Florence has bee more crowded with trafficBRiccis action has brought no change to the people of FlorenceCRicci will continue to raise Florentine peoples awareness about pollutionDSmog pollution in Florence will be pletely settled in several years语篇解读本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了意大利弗罗伦萨市的一名艺术家通过用烟雾作画来抵制环境污染的故事。1解析：主旨大意题。根据文章最后一段的总结和文章的整体理解可知，本文主要讲述了意大利弗罗伦萨市的一名艺术家通过用烟雾作画来抵制环境污染的故事，故答案A符合文意。答案：A2解析：细节理解题。根据文章第二段的第二句“Unlike other painters seeking fast recognition of their talent，he doesnt really care about being this big artist”可知，他并不在乎名气的大小。答案：B3解析：推理判断题。根据文章最后一句“Still，he continues to paint his unique smog artworks and let the people know how polluted the environment they live in really is.”可知，答案D符合文意。答案：D4解析：段落大意题。根据第四段的整体理解可知，本段主要讲的是这名艺术家是如何用烟雾作画的，答案C符合文意。A、B、D三项均不是第四段的主要内容。答案：C5解析：推理判断题。根据文章最后一段的第二句“But there is still a long way to go.”和最后一句“Still，he continues to paint his unique smog artworks and let the people know how polluted the environment they live in really is.”可推知，这名艺术家Ricci将继续从事这项活动以唤醒人们保护环境的意识。答案：C。阅读理解。The research carried out by the University of Bari in Italy could help prove hospitals who are accused of wasting money on art and decoration as it suggests a pleasant environment helps patients ease disfort and pain.A team headed by Professor Marina de Tommaso at the Neurophysiopathology Pain Unit asked a group of men and women to pick the 20 paintings they considered most ugly and most beautiful from a selection of 300 works by artists such as Leonardo da Vinci and Sandro Botticelli. They were then asked to look at either the beautiful paintings, or the ugly painting, or a blank panel while the team zapped(照射) a short laser pulse at their hand, creating a sensation as if they had been stuck by a pin. The subjects rated the pain as being a third less intense while they were viewing the beautiful paintings, pared with when looking at the ugly paintings or the blank panel. Electrodes measuring the brains electrical activity also confirmed a reduced response to the pain when the subject looked at beautiful paintings.While distractions, such as music, are known to reduce pain in hospital patients, Prof de Tommaso says this is the first result to show that beauty plays a part.The findings, reported in New Scientist, also go a long way to show that beautiful surroundings could aid the healing process.Hospitals have been designed to be functional, but we think that their artistic aspects should be taken into account too, said the neurologist. Beauty obviously offers a distraction that ugly paintings do not. But at least there is no suggestion that ugly surroundings make the pain worse. I think these results show that more research is needed into the field how a beautiful environment can alleviate suffering.Pictures they liked included Starry Night by Vincent Van Gogh and Botticellis Birth of Venus. Pictures they found ugly included works by Pablo Picasso, the Italian 20th century artist Anonio Bueno and Columbian Fernando Botero. These people were not art experts so some of the pictures they found ugly would be considered masterpieces by the art world, said Prof de Tommaso.16. The underlined word “alleviate” in the fifth paragraph probably means “_”.A. cure B. ease C. improve D. kill17. How many artists have been mentioned in the passage?A. 4. B. 5. C. 6. D. 7.18. Which of the following is TURE about the view of Prof de Tommasos?A. Beautiful surroundings could help to heal sufferings pletely.B. Hospitals must take their artistic aspects into consideration first.C. Ugly surroundings will surely make the pain worse.D. Both music and beauty can reduce pain in hospital patients.19. From the last paragraph, we know that _.A. some artists paintings were beautiful, so they were masterpiecesB. only art experts could judge they were masterpieces or not, though uglyC. the artists mentioned above were not really art masters.D. some of them were art masters, while others were not.20. Which of the following is the suitable title for the passage?A. Beautiful surroundings can ease pain. B. Ugly paintings could be masterpieces.C. More research should be done in the field. D. Latest environmental research.【参考答案16-20】BCDBA完形填空I take a deep breath, cross my fingers and step forward. Am I about to take the leap before bungee-jumping? 1, Im about to cross the road on my way to work. There have been a few2in the press over the last couple of months about“Chinese-style road crossing”. The definition of this3is“a large number of people jaywalking(乱穿马路)together because they feel4in a big group”. Crossing the road is a simple task but sometimes it can be time-consuming and dangerous. It can be5to try and rush across the road while the red6is still lit; its only a short distance, whats the7that can happen? Many pedestrians dont seem to understand the8they are taking. If the lights on green, then most drivers wont pay attention, 9that no one will be crossing the road. If the driver does notice, its possible that they may not have the10stopping distance to be able to stop11hitting the person. Also, stepping out onto a road at the wrong12causes vehicles to slow down, meaning the cars behind them have to slow down, creating a13effect possibly even a long tailback(车辆长队). 14, it can be difficult to stick to the rules when there is15pedestrian-friendly crossings and it seems that drivers dont follow the rules, either. Even if the green man is showing, cars are still allowed to turn right at many lights, often turning into large crowds of people16crossing the road. Many times these cars dont slow down, meaning pedestrians have to quickly move out of the way. It also means that people17cross the road when they should be allowed tomaybe this is a motivating factor for so-called jaywalkers. Driving a car doesnt mean you have more rights. Its a privilege and with that privilege es a lot of18. It doesnt seem pletely19to punish pedestrians for taking matters into their own hands on a road system thats designed against them. A rethink of the way pedestrian crossing work and driver education may20a stop to“Chinese-style road crossing”. 【文章大意】本文主要讲述“中国式过马路”的现象、原因及其对交通产生的影响, 并提出了作者自己的看法。1. A. YesB. NoC. WhyD. However【解析】选B。前后照应题。否定前面的问句, 引出下文。2. A. articlesB. sentencesC. storiesD. persons【解析】选A。前后照应题。下句提到“中国式过马路”的现象, 结合此处信息press, 可推知是在出版物上的“文章”。3. A. wordB. nameC. phraseD. term【解析】选C。词义辨析题。phrase表示(简洁的)说法。term指专业术语, 一般指科技、学术方面的。此句为“中国式过马路”这种说法的定义是。4. A. greatB. happyC. safeD. strong【解析】选C。词义辨析题。“中国式过马路”即“凑够一大群人就过马路”, 因为他们感觉这样有安全感。5. A. temptingB. interestingC. excitingD. shocking【解析】选A。词义辨析题。tempting指“有诱惑力的”, 往往用于怂恿某人干不正当的事。从整句可知当红灯还亮时, 大家就跃跃欲试, 冲过马路。6. A. boyB. manC. girlD. woman【解析】选B。背景常识题。指红灯, 显示一个红色人形图。7. A. moreB. worstC. betterD. faster【解析】选B。逻辑推理题。the worst最坏的事, 此处表示“最糟糕会发生什么事? ”。8. A. riskB. liftC. lightD. road【解析】选A。固定搭配题。本段主题句, 下文讲到“中国式过马路”的危险性, 故用固定搭配take the risk(冒险)。9. A. hopingB. believingC. guessingD. assuming【解析】选D。逻辑推理题。如果(机动车方向的)绿灯亮着, 司机就会以为没有人会横穿马路。assuming指“假定, 认为(但未能证明)”。10. A. requiredB. requestedC. suggestedD. allowed【解析】选A。词义辨析题。车在刹车后到停止有一定的制动距离, required指“所需的, 规定的”。requested请求的; suggested建议的; allowed允许(某人拥有或某事发生)的, 意思不恰当。11. A. beforeB. afterC. whenD. while【解析】选A。逻辑推理题。根据句意可知, 此处为“在之前”。12. A. directionB. timeC. placeD. speed【解析】选B。词义辨析题。在错误的时间行人穿马路会阻碍车辆的行进。at与direction搭配不对, place与speed意思不符合语境。13. A. knock-upB. knock-onC. knock-downD. knock-back【解析】选B。固定搭配题。a knock-on effect连锁反应。14. A. On the one handB. On the other handC. On the contraryD. On this occasion【解析】选B。固定搭配题。上段谈到“中国式过马路”的危害性, 此段又为此种过马路方式辩护。on the other hand另一方面, 用于比较不同或相对立的事实或想法。15. A. a lot ofB. a great deal ofC. a lack ofD. a number of【解析】选C。短语辨析题。pedestrian crossings人行道, -friendly方便的。当缺乏方便行人过马路的人行道时, 要遵守交通规则就难了。16. A. safelyB. slowlyC. worriedlyD. legally【解析】选D。词义辨析题。此句解释“中国式过马路”现象产生的一个原因是绿灯亮, 行人照理应该可以走, 但车辆此时右转, 就必然开进人群。legally合法地, 依照法律地。17. A. cantB. shouldntC. wontD. mustnt【解析】选A。逻辑推理题。此句进一步解释。句意: 行人在(绿灯亮时)该允许走时, 却不能走(因为右转弯的车子阻碍了他们), 这就导致了“中国式过马路”。18. A. responsibilityB. possibilityC. personalityD. reality【解析】选A。词义辨析题。根据上下文可知, 作者认为开车并非意味着有更多特权(车与行人都有路权), 但这种特权必定有相应的责任。responsibility责任; possibility可能性; personality性格; reality现实。19. A. severeB. mildC. fairD. unjust【解析】选C。前后照应题。take. . . into ones hands意为“擅自处理”。句意: 行人因自行处理(即选择“中国式过马路”方式)不合理的道路系统而受惩罚, 这似乎并不公平。20. A. addB. putC. setD. attach【解析】选B。固定搭配题。固定搭配put a stop to sth. 意为“停止”。