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1that与what的区别：that在名词性从句中不作句子成分，只起连接作用，除在宾语从句中外一般不可省略；而what在名词性从句中不仅起连接作用，而且作句子成分，如主语、宾语、表语、定语等，不仅可以表示具体明确的“的话(东西、人)”，还可以表示“的时间、的地点、的人、的速度”等内容。如：Insomecountries，whatiscalled“equality”doesnotreallymeanequalrightsforallpeople.Tomisdrivingatwhatisthoughttobeadangerousspeed.,【例】_wecantgetseemsbetterthan_wehave.AWhat；whatBWhat；thatCThat；thatDThat；what,【答案】A,2whether与if的区别：whether/if在所引导的名词性从句中的使用问题(1)只能使用whetherWhetherwewillholdapartyintheopenairtomorrowdependsontheweather.(主语从句)Thequestioniswhetherheshoulddoit.(表语从句)Thedoctorcanhardlyanswerthequestionwhethertheoldmanwillrecoversoon.(同位语从句),Wereworriedaboutwhetherheissafe.(介词后)Idontknowwhethertogo.(不定式)Ididntknowwhetherornotshewouldcome.(whetherornot连用)(2)whether，if两者都可Iwonderif/whetheritdoesntrain.(宾语从句),3who/whoever，what/whatever等的区别：一般说来，what/who等含特指意义，而whatever，whoever等含泛指意义。【例】Itisgenerallyconsideredunwisetogiveachild_heorshewants.AhoweverBwhateverCwhicheverDwhenever,【答案】B,【例】Peoplearewondering_murderedJustin.AwhoBwhomCwhomeverDwhen,【答案】A,4名词性从句与定语从句的区别：名词性从句没有先行词，而定语从句必须有先行词。【例】Changshais_Iwasborn.AwhereBinwhichCatwhichDfromwhich,【答案】A,【例】Changshaisthecity_Iwasborn.AwhereBinwhichCatwhichDfromwhich,【答案】A/B,5“介词who(m)”引导的宾语从句和定语从句“介词whom”：【例】Itwasamatterof_wouldtaketheposition.AwhoBwhoeverCwhomDwhomever,【答案】A。宾语从句介词后面的引导词用主格还是宾语，决定于它在宾语从句中作主语还是宾语。,【例】Thereare60studentsinourclass，mostof_areboys.AwhoBwhomCwhichDthat,【答案】B。mostofwhom为整体作从句的主语，其中whom作of的宾语。,6it作形式主语或形式宾语：【例】_isafactthatEnglishisbeingacceptedasaninternationallanguage.AThereBThisCThatDIt,【答案】D,【例】Hedidntmake_clearwhenandwherethemeetingwouldbeheld.AthisBthatCitDthese,【答案】C,7引导词that的省略：(1)可省：只有一个宾语从句(2)一般不可省：*表语从句，同位语从句，主语从句*两个或两个以上并列的宾语从句中，只有第一个宾语从句引导词that可省，后面的第二个，第三个并列的宾语从句中引导词that不可省。Idontknow(that)youareanewcomer.(宾语从句)Hetoldme(that)hewouldattendtheinternationalmathsOlympiccompetitionandthathewaslikelytowinthegoldmedal.(两个宾语从句),Thereasonwhyhewaslatewasthathewascaughtinabadtrafficjam.(表语从句)ImadeapromisethatifanyonesetmefreeIwouldmakehimveryrich.(同位语从句)Itsapitythatyoucantgowithus.(主语从句),【例】Havingcheckedthedoorswereclosed，and_allthelightswereoff，theboyopenedthedoortohisbedroom.AwhyBthatCwhenDwhere,【答案】B,.中译英：1他通过了考试，这令我们很高兴。_2问题是汤姆是否能按时到达。_3我们什么时候上交计划将在以后讨论。_,1Thathepassedtheexammadeuspleased./Itmadeuspleasedthathepassedtheexam.2ThequestioniswhetherTomisabletoarriveontime.3Whenweshallhandintheprojectwillbediscussedlater.,4我不知道她什么时候回来。_5他清楚地表明他不会屈服。_6我们怀疑他是否能赢得比赛。_,4Ihavenoideawhenshewillbeback.5Hehasmadeitclearthathewillnotgivein.6Wedoubtwhetherhewillwinthegame.,7他出生在何时何地还不知道。_8那个科学家下个星期给我们作报告是真的吗？_9任何违法的人都要受到惩罚。_10他说过这篇文章很难，我们必须努力学习。_,7Whereandwhenhewasbornhasnotbeenfound.8Isittruethatthescientistwillgiveusalecturenextweek?9Whoeverbreaksthelawshouldbepunished.10Hesaid(that)thetextwasverydifficultandthatwehadtoworkhardatit.,
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