资源描述
专题五短文改错,题型解读与高考感悟,高频考点与技巧点拨,高考新编,考情分析,题型解读与高考感悟,考点统计(略),短文改错考查学生在语篇中综合运用英语的准确性。设题一般包括词法、句法、行文逻辑等。通常是学生在英语运用中常见的错误。,通过对近三年的短文改错题的分析，可以预测2016年短文改错的命题趋向将主要体现在以下几个方面：1.命题难度基本保持稳定，体裁多以贴近学生生活的记叙文、应用文为主。2.错误设置类型相对稳定，常见类型有：错词、多词、少词。,3.考查内容覆盖面广，分布合理，但有所侧重。从时态、语态、非谓语动词到各类词法(包括动词、名词、形容词、副词、代词、冠词、介词、关联词等)、句法等，均有所考查。4.考查考生对文章中心思想的把握，以及对文章的整体理解与结构的分析判断。,真题体验,(一)(2015全国)WhenIwasachild，Ihopedtoliveinthecity.IthinkIwouldbehappythere.NowIamlivinginacity，butImissmyhomeincountryside.Theretheairiscleanorthemountainsaregreen.Unfortunately，onthedevelopmentofindustrialization，theenvironmenthasbeenpolluted.Lotsofstudieshavebeen,shownthatglobalwarminghasalreadybecomeaveryseriouslyproblem.Theairswebreatheinisgettingdirtieranddirtier.Muchrareanimalsaredyingout.Wemustfoundwaystoprotectyourenvironment.Ifwefailtodoso，welllivetoregretit.,(二)(2015全国)Oneday，littleTonywenttoashoppingcenterwithhisparent.Itwasverycrowded.Tonysawatoyonashopwindow.Helikeditsoverymuchthathequicklywalkedintotheshop.Afterlooksatthetoyforsometime，heturnedaroundandfoundwherehisparentsweremissing.Tonywasscaredandbeguntocry.Awomansawhimcryingandtellinghimtowaitoutsideashop.Fiveminuteslater，Tonysaw,parents.Momsaid，“Hownicetoseeyouagain！DadandIwereterribleworried.”Tonypromisedherthatthiswouldneverhappenagain.,(三)(2014新课标全国)Nearlyfiveyearsbefore，andwiththehelpbyourfather，mysisterandIplantedsomecherrytomatoes(圣女果)inourbackgarden.Sincethenforalltheseyearwehadbeenallowingtomatoestoselfseedwheretheyplease.Asresult，theplantsaregrowingsomewhere.Thefruitsaresmallinsize，,butjuicyandtaste.Therearesomuchthatweoftensharethemwithourneighbors.Althoughweallowtomatoplantstogrowinthesameplaceyearafteryear，butwehaveneverhadanydiseaseorinsectattackproblems.Wearegrowingwonderfullytomatoesatnocost!,(四)(2014新课标全国)Mydreamschoolstartsat8：30a.m.andendsat3：30p.m.Theyarethreelessonsinthemorningandtwointheafternoon.Wedidntneedtodosomanyhomework.Therefore，wehavemoretimewithafterschoolactivities.Forexample，wecandoreadingforoneandahalfhourandplaysportsforonehoureveryday.,Mydreamschoollooklikeabiggarden.Thereareallkindsoftheflowersandtreesaroundtheclassroombuildings.Wecanlieonthegrassforarest，orsatbythelakelisteningmusic.Theteachersherearekindandhelpfully.Theyarenotonlyourteachersbutalsoourfriends.,(五)(2013新课标全国)Ihardlyremembermygrandmother.Sheusedtoholdingmeonherkneesandsingoldsongs.Iwasonlyfourwhenshepassesaway.Sheisjustadistantmemoryformenow.Iremembermygrandfatherverymuch.Hewastall，withbroadshoulderandabeardthatturnedfromblacktowardgrayovertheyears.Hehadadeepvoice，whichsethimselfapartfrom,othersinoursmalltown，hewasstrongandpowerful.Inafact，heevenscaredmyclassmatesawayduringtheycameovertoplayordohomeworkwithme.However，hewasthegentlestmanIhaveneverknown.,(六)(2013新课标全国)ThebookImreadingoftalksaboutafternoonteainBritain.Itissaidtohavestartedintheearly1800s.Haveteainthelateafternoonprovidesabridgebetweenlunchanddinner，thatmightnotbeserveduntil8oclockatnight.Thiscustomsoonbecomesanothermealofday.,Interesting，ithadaconnectionbytheBritishporcelain(瓷器)industry.TeainChinawastraditionallydrankfromcupswithouthandles.WhenteagotpopularinBritain，therewasacryingneedforgoodcupwithhandlestosuitBritishhabits.Thismadeforthegrowintheporcelainindustry.,一、谓语动词,二、非谓语动词,三、名词,高频考点与技巧点拨,四、形容词与副词,六、关联词及行文逻辑,七、介词,八、冠词,五、代词,考点1时态前后不一致,典例1WhenIwasachild，Ihopedtoliveinthecity.IthinkIwouldbehappythere.(2015全国)分析整个语境讲的就是过去的事情，所以think也是当时的想法，故应该用一般过去时。故think改为thought。,谓语动词考点例析,典例2Inthemornings，itwasfullofstudentsexercising.Theviewfromthebackoftheclassroomisalsosplendid.Closetotheschooltherewasabeautifulparkwithmanytrees.(2015浙江)分析从前一句中的itwas到后面一句的therewas可以判断整个语境应该是一般过去时，所以将is改为was。,典例3Awomansawhimcryingandtellinghimtowaitoutsidetheshop.(2015全国)分析句子的主语为Awoman，谓语为saw，crying为宾补，and连接的是两个谓语，而不是两个宾补，所以telling应改为told。,考点2缺少谓语或谓语动词形式错误,典例1Wemustfoundwaystoprotectourenvironment.(2015全国)分析情态动词must后应该跟动词原形，句中we与find之间为主谓关系，所以found应改为find。,谓语动词考点例析,典例2Sorealfriendshipshouldabletostandallsortsoftests.(2014大纲全国)分析able是形容词不能直接作谓语动词，其前应加be，beabletodosth.意为“能够做某事”。,典例1Lotsofstudieshavebeenshownthatglobalwarminghasalreadybecomeaveryseriousproblem.(2015全国)分析studies与show之间为主动关系，所以应该去掉been。,考点3语态错误,3,谓语动词考点例析,典例2Tonywasscaredandbeguntocry.(2015全国)分析wasscared与begun为并列谓语，scared为形容词，表示过去的动作或状态，begin的过去式是began，所以begun改为began。,典例3TeainChinawastraditionallydrankfromcupswithouthandles.(2013新课标全国)分析tea与drink之间为动宾关系，所以用被动语态，动词drink的过去分词为drunk。,典例1Mydreamschoollooklikeabiggarden.(2014新课标全国)分析整篇短文的语境为一般现在时，而且主语为第三人称单数Mydreamschool，因此谓语动词应用looks。,考点4主谓不一致,4,3,谓语动词考点例析,典例2Theearlymorningbarkinghavebeendisturbingusasweareoftenupallnightwiththebaby.(2014辽宁)分析本句主语为Theearlymorningbarking，baking为不可数名词作主语，故谓语动词have应改为has。,典例1Ifyouareme，wouldyoutalktothem？(2015四川)分析“如果你是我”这个假设一定是虚拟语气，表示与现在情况相反，所以are改为were。,考点5情态动词误用以及虚拟语气,3,谓语动词考点例析,典例2Mypunishmentlastedayear.Meanwhile，IfoundoutthatwithmorepatienceImustmakemytoyslast.Myattitudechangedfromthenon.(2012新课标全国)分析must必须，一定，用在此处语境不合适。句意为：同时，我发现耐心一些，我可以让我的玩具持久些。所以应用could/might。,方法归纳做动词类改错题时，需注意以下几个方面：(1)判断一般现在时与一般过去时是否错用。(2)and，but，so，or等并列连词前后的时态是否一致。(3)除了时态，还要注意主谓是否一致。(4)看是否考查虚拟语气。(5)看谓语部分是否缺少动词，特别是be动词。(6)看动词的形式是否正确，尤其注意第三人称单数形式是否错用。(7)看主动语态和被动语态是否错用。,考点专练,改错(每小题1处错误)1.AsItellyoulasttime，Imadethreenewfriendshere.(2015四川)2.Mysoccercoachretiredlastweek.Iwantedtodosomethingspecialforhimathisretirementparty.Mymummakesthebestbiscuitsintheworld，soIdecidetoaskherforhelp.(2015陕西),telltold,decidedecided,3.Hello，boysandgirls！Today，Iamgoingtotalkaboutwhatyoushoulddowhenafirealarmgooff.(2014四川)4.IwastakingatraintoLondonsVictoriaStation.Ihadnoticedthatthecarriagewasnoisyandfilledwithpeople.(2014浙江),gogoes,去掉had,5.Suddenly.theywerelookedlikerain！(2014陕西)6.SuddenlyMary，mybestfriend，askingmetolethercopymyanswers.(2013四川),去掉were/looked,askingasked,7.Iwantedtogiveup，butmygrandfathertoldmetowaitalittlelonger.Finally，therewereasuddenpullatthepoleandafishwascaught.(2013陕西)8.HereIaminthemiddleofacity,350milesawayfromourfarmhouse.Doyouwanttoknowwhywemovelastweek？(2013浙江),werewas,movemoved,9.WhatIlikedbestwerethefreehighspeedInternetconnectionintheroom.Icheckedmyemailmessageseveryday.(2012陕西)10.IknewthattheywillbeworriedaboutmebecauseIwassofaraway，andthatmymotherwouldnotsleepifsheknew.(2012浙江),werewas,willwould,考点1：动词不定式,典例1ItsbeenamonthsinceIcametothisnewschoolandIreallywantsharewithyousomeoftheproblemsIhavebeenexperiencing.(2015四川)分析want后跟带to的不定式作宾语。故want与动词share之间加to。,非谓语动词考点例析,典例2ThepositionoftheclassroomwithitsviewmademefeltlikeIwasdreaming.(2015浙江)分析使役动词make后跟不带to的动词不定式作宾补，即makesb.dosth.，表示“使某人做某事”，故felt改为feel。,典例3Sheusedtoholdingmeonherkneesandsingoldsongs.(2013新课标全国)分析usedtodoing是“习惯于干某事”，而usedtodosth.意为“过去常常做某事”，由句意可知应把holding改为hold。,考点2：动词的-ing形式,典例1Afterlooksatthetoyforsometime，heturnedaroundandfound.(2015全国)分析从后面的谓语动词可知整个语境用的是一般过去时。所以在looks前面加主语是不行的，所以只能改为非谓语动词作after的宾语。故looks改为looking。,非谓语动词考点例析,典例2Haveteainthelateafternoonprovidesabridgebetweenlunchanddinner，whichmightnotbeserveduntil8oclockatnight.(2013新课标全国)分析分析句式结构可知句子的主语为Haveteainthelateafternoon，所以应该用动名词形式作主语，即把Have改为Having。,典例IalsosharedwithmyfriendsmanyphotostakinginBeijing.(2012陕西)分析此处考查的是with复合结构，photos与take在逻辑上是动宾关系，表示被动，用过去分词。故把taking改为taken。,考点3：动词的过去分词,非谓语动词考点例析,方法归纳句中已有谓语动词，若再出现动词，又没有并列连词，注意考虑非谓语动词形式，根据其在句中成分以及逻辑关系，来判断其形式是否正确。做短文改错时，需注意一下几个方面：(1)作主语或宾语不能用动词原形，通常改为-ing形式或不定式。因在短文改错中，只能改一个词，如果主语是原形，就只能改为-ing形式了。,(2)熟记其后只能接-ing或只能接todo作宾语的动词。(3)介词后要用动词的-ing形式。注意区分to是介词还是不定式符号。(4)一些固定短语或句式中的非谓语动词形式。(5)根据非谓语动词或其逻辑主语的关系来确定用ing形式还是用-ed形式。(6)别混淆谓语动词与非谓语动词。,考点专练,改错(每小题1处错误)1.Wevebeenspendingalotoftimesinginkaraokebars.(2015四川)2.Ienjoyedsitclosetothewindowsandlookingattheview.(2015浙江),singsinging,sitsitting,3.Imighthavetoretireagainnextyearjustgetsomemoreofthesebiscuits.(2015陕西)4.Myfavoritepictureatthepartyisofmycoachandmeenjoythebiscuitswithhappylaughter！(2015陕西),get前加to,enjoyenjoying,5.Oneeveningatsunset，wesatbythefire，haveourbarbecue.(2014陕西)6.Itisdifficulttounderstandingwhyshebarkseveryminuteshesoutside.(2014辽宁),havehaving,understandingunderstand,7.Hewantedteachmeaboutanimals，insectsandtrees.(2014陕西)8.Felthungry，webuiltafirebythelakeandbarbecuedthefish.(2013陕西),wanted后加to,FeltFeeling,9.Afterthinkforsometime，Ilethercopymyanswers.(2013四川)10.Heisntgoodattalkbuthegetsonwellwithotherpeople.(2013大纲全国),thinkthinking,talktalking,考点1：单复数或所有格错误,典例1Theairswebreatheinisgettingdirtieranddirtier.(2015全国)分析由后面的定语从句webreathe可知，此处先行词的意思是“空气”，air当“空气”讲时为不可数名词。故airs改为air。,名词考点例析,典例2Oneday，littleTonywenttoashoppingcenterwithhisparent.Itwas.hisparentsweremissing.Tonysawhisparents.(2015全国)分析从后文可以看出Tony的父母一起和他去的商店，后文两次出现parents，所以应该将parent改为parents。,典例3WhenIfinallyarrivedatmyfriendhelentmelotsofclothes.(2011新课标全国)分析根据句意可知，当我最后到达“我朋友的家”(myfriends)，他借给我许多衣服。故friend应改为friends。,考点2：词性转换错误,典例1Thismadeforthegrowintheporcelainindustry.(2013新课标全国)分析定冠词the后面应跟名词形式，故grow应改为growth。,名词考点例析,典例2Hehasruinedhishealthy.(2013辽宁)分析在形容词性的物主代词后应用名词，所以应把healthy改为health。,方法归纳遇到名词首先注意区分名词是可数名词还是不可数名词；其次还可以根据名词前的修饰语或谓语动词的单复数来判断。此外，还要注意名词的所有格。常考考点如下：(1)在several，few，many，oneof，acoupleof，three，oneandahalf，alargenumberof，scoresof，dozensof等词语后，或虽没有这些词但语境提示我们，本应接复数可数名词的，但文中却用了单数。,(2)像advice，fun，homework，information，news，progress，equipment，furniture，baggage，luggage，jewellery，clothing等不可数名词是没有复数形式的，但在文中却用了复数。(3)该用名词的所有格，而没有用。,考点专练,改错(每小题1处错误)1.AsItoldyoulasttime，Imadethreenewfriendhere.(2015四川)2.Myoldclassroomwasinterestingbecausethreesideoftheclassroomweremadeofglass.(2015浙江),friendfriends,sidesides,3.Mumtaughtmesomebasicstepofbaking.(2015陕西)4.WevecalledseveraltimeaboutCleosearlymorningbarking.(2014辽宁),stepsteps,timetimes,5.Nooneinthecarriagehadpreviouslyspokentoorevennoticedtheticket-ownerbefore.Yettheyhadsoquicklyofferedthestrangerstheirhelp.(2014浙江)6.Forexample，wecandoreadingforoneandahalfhourandplaysportsforonehoureveryday.(2014新课标全国),strangersstranger,第一个hourhours,7.Todaywehadachemistrytest.Theteacherwasangrybecausewehadthesameanswersinthetests.(2013四川)8.Withinthenextfewminute，mygrandfatheralsocaughtafish.(2013陕西),teststest,minuteminutes,9.Youtoldmethenameofdifferentplantsandtheircharacteristics.(2012重庆)10.Mom，IknowIhaveneverexpressedmythanktoyoubefore.(2012四川),namenames,thankthanks,考点1：形、副词或名词词性混淆,典例1Lotsofstudieshaveshownthatglobalwarminghasalreadybecomeaveryseriouslyproblem.(2015全国)分析名词前应该用形容词作定语。故seriously应改为serious。,形容词与副词考点例析,典例2DadandIwereterribleworried.(2015全国)分析worried为形容词化了的过去分词，修饰形容词应该用副词，所以应将terrible改为terribly。,典例3Thefruitsaresmallinsize，butjuicyandtaste.(2014新课标全国)分析句中的small，juicy与taste并列，所以应该都用形容词，故将taste改为tasty。,考点2：形、副词错用,典例1Nearlyfiveyearsbefore，andwiththehelpofourfather，mysisterandIplantedsomecherrytomatoes(圣女果)inourbackgarden.(2014新课标全国)分析相对于说话时以前用ago；相对于过去的某个时间或动作之前才用before。故before改为ago。,形容词与副词考点例析,典例2Asaresult，theplantsaregrowingsomewhere.(2014新课标全国)分析somewhere意为“某处”，而根据句意“植物到处生长”。故somewhere应改为everywhere。,典例3Iremembermygrandfatherverymuch.(2013新课标全国)分析“我对祖父的记忆非常好/清楚”，而非“多”。故much应改为well/clearly。,考点3：修饰词错用或多余,典例1Muchrareanimalsaredyingout.(2015全国)分析animals为可数名词复数形式，所以用many修饰，much只能修饰不可数名词。故Much改为Many。,形容词与副词考点例析,典例2Helikeditsoverymuchthathequicklywalkedintotheshop.(2015全国)分析此处为so.that句式，所以much前用副词so修饰。故去掉very。,典例3Wedontneedtodosomanyhomework.(2014新课标全国)分析homework为不可数名词，前面应用much修饰，因此把many改为much。,考点4：比较等级误用,典例1Mymummakesthebetterbiscuitsintheworld，soIdecidedtoaskherforhelp.(2015陕西)分析由该句中的intheworld以及前面的the可知此处应该用形容词的最高级。故better改为best。,形容词与副词考点例析,典例2Tomakemattersbad，nowIhavetosharearoomwithmyyoungersister，Maggie.(2013浙江)分析tomakemattersworse使事情更糟糕的是，为固定搭配。故bad改为worse。,考点5：分词化形容词混用,典例1Iamawfullytiring，butIknowIllneverfallasleep.(2013浙江)分析由句意知，“我感到非常疲乏”，应用tired。故tiring应改为tired。,形容词与副词考点例析,典例2Gradually，IbecameinterestinginbiologyandchosetolearnbiologywhenIenteredthecollege.(2012重庆)分析对感兴趣，应该用interested。故interesting应改为interested。,方法归纳对于形容词和副词的考查，注意以下几点：(1)作定语、表语、补语，用形容词。(2)作状语，修饰动词、形容词、全句，用副词。(3)注意比较级与最高级的比较对象或范围；单音节形容词的比较级前，不可再加more。(4)注意many，much，(a)few，(a)little；very，so，(n)ever，hardly等修饰词的用法。,考点专练,改错(每小题1处错误)1.Ontheleft-handsideoftheclass，Icouldeasyseethefootballfield.(2015浙江)2.Ithoughtthebiscuitswerereallywell.(2015陕西),easyeasily,wellgood,3.Thatistoomuchforus，consideringhowcloselythehousesare.(2014辽宁)4.Dontpanicorgetoutoflineandtrytoremainquietandcalmly.(2014四川),closelyclose,calmlycalm,5.Beside，Cleotendstobarkanaverageofsixhoursaday.(2014辽宁)6.Nooneinthecarriagehadpreviousspokentoorevennoticedtheticketownerbefore.(2014浙江),BesideBesides,previouspreviously,7.Myunclesimmediatejumpedupandshottheirarrowsatthebird.(2014陕西)8.Todaywehadachemistrytest.Ifoundthetestdifficulty，butItriedhardtodoit.(2013四川),immediateimmediately,difficultydifficult,9.Afterwaitingforabouthalfanhour，Iwasbeginningtogetimpatiently.(2013陕西)10.WheneverIthinkoftheolddays，Ifeelveryhappily.(2012重庆),impatientlyimpatient,happilyhappy,考点1：人称不一致,典例1Wemustfindwaystoprotectyourenvironment.Ifwefailtodoso，welllivetoregretit.(2015全国)分析从整个语境以及句子的主语来看应该把your改为our才能讲得通，也可以改为the。,代词考点例析,典例2Closetotheschooltherewasabeautifulparkwithmanytreesaroundthem.(2015浙江)分析with复合结构是作定语修饰park的，所以这里的代词是指的单数可数名词park，故them应改为单数it。,考点2：代词混用,典例1Myunclesimmediatelyjumpedupandshottheirarrowsatthebird.Neitherofthearrowshitthetarget.(2014陕西)分析从Myunclesimmediatelyjumpedupandshottheirarrowsatthebird可知，射出去的箭不仅仅两支，因此应把Neither改为None。,代词考点例析,典例2Hehadadeepvoice，whichsethimselfapartfromothersinoursmalltown.(2013新课标全国)分析当宾语和主语是一个人时，宾语一般用反身代词形式，此句的主语which指的是前面的整个句子，所以应把himself改为him。,考点3：漏掉代词,典例Fiveminuteslater，Tonysawparents.(2015全国)分析句意为：5分钟后，Tony看见了他的父母。所以没有限定词his句意不够完整。故在parents前加上his。,代词考点例析,方法归纳对于代词的考查，要注意一下几点：(1)顺藤摸瓜，理清短文中代词的指代关系，注意联系上下文，要注意人称一致、单复数一致以及性别的一致关系。(2)注意人称代词格的误用，以及物主代词、反身代词或疑问代词等的错用。(3)系统掌握it的各种用法。(4)准确把握不定代词在文中的正确使用。,考点专练,改错(每小题1处错误)1.Iwantedtodoanythingspecialforhimathisretirementparty.(2015陕西)2.ItsbeenthreeSaturdaysnowanditreallycostsmemany.(2015四川),anythingsomething,manymuch,3.Infact，Idontliketogoanymore，butImafraidIlllosetheirfriendship.WhatdoyouthinkIshoulddo？Ifyouwereme，wouldyoutalktohim？(2015四川)4.Weappreciateourapologiesandgoodwill，butwehopethatyoucanfigure.(2014辽宁),himthem,ouryour,5.Theneveryoneinthecarriagebegansearchingfortheticket，whichwaseventuallyfoundunderaseatseveralrowsfromhisowner.(2014浙江)6.Theunderstandingbetweentwofriendsmeansbothofthemhavesimilarideasandtrusteachother.Otherwise，itisimpossibleforhimtohelpeachotherandtomaketheirfriendshiplastlong.(2014大纲全国),hisits/the,himthem,7.Ifitsafalsealarmandthereisnofire，yourteacherwillleadusbacktotheclassroom.(2014四川)8.Wetookoursfishingpolesandheadedforthelake.(2013陕西),usyou,oursour,9.Iwaseagertoseehim，butoutsideherroomIstopped.(2013辽宁)10.Afterthinkingforsometime，Ilethercopymyanswers.Butafterthetest，allofuswerecalledtotheteachersoffice.(2013四川),herhis,allboth,考点1：关联词使用不当,典例1Afterlookingatthetoyforsometime，heturnedaroundandfoundwherehisparentsweremissing.(2015全国)分析句意为：他转过身发现父母不见了。由句意可知宾语从句句意完整，不缺少成分，所以应该用that引导从句或省略。故去掉where或将where改为that。,关联词及行文逻辑考点例析,典例2Theretheairiscleanorthemountainsaregreen.(2015全国)分析两个简单句之间为并列关系而非选择关系，所以将or改为and。,考点2：多余或缺少连词,典例1Althoughweallowtomatoplantstogrowinthesameplaceyearafteryear，butwehaveneverhadanydiseaseorinsectattackproblems.(2014新课标全国)分析在让步状语从句中，although不可以与but连用，因为although位于句首，故只能去掉but或将but改为yet。,关联词及行文逻辑考点例析,典例2Hehadadeepvoice，whichsethimapartfromothersinoursmalltown，hewasstrongandpowerful.(2013新课标全国)分析句中which引导的是定语从句，修饰主句Hehadadeepvoice，而主句与从句后的分句hewasstrongandpowerful之间缺少连词，根据他们的并列关系，确定he前加and。,考点3：介词与连词混用,典例Infact，heevenscaredmyclassmatesawayduringtheycameovertoplayordohomeworkwithme.(2013新课标全国)分析句中during为介词，不可以连接两个独立谓语的句子，根据逻辑关系，后一个分句应为when引导的时间状语从句。故during应改为when。,关联词及行文逻辑考点例析,方法归纳对于连词的考查，注意首先判断两个或两个以上的单词、短语或单句之间是否有连接词，再根据不同的句式结构，判断连接词是否运用正确。解题时，可以注意以下几个方面：(1)把握前后两句话之间的衔接关系，判定是并列句、主语从句、定语从句还是状语从句，根据连接词在句中作何成分，判断正误。,(2)注意but转折、and并列、or或者(选择)、so因此(结果)等逻辑关系词之间的混用。(3)注意although/though/while不与but连用；since/as/because不与so连用。(4)注意but与and，and与or，or与so，after与before，which与that，which与what等连词的用法区别。,考点专练,改错(每小题1处错误)1.HowdoyouthinkIshoulddo？(2015四川)2.MyonlymistakewasthatIdroppedsomeonthefloorafterIwaspackingthemup.(2015陕西),HowWhat,afterwhen/while,3.Infact，Idontliketogoanymore，soImafraidIlllosetheirfriendship.(2015四川)4.IfIwasonlyachildwhenIstudiedinthatclassroom，Iwillneverforgetit.(2015浙江),sobut,IfAlthough/Though,5.Werantoescapebutfortunatelynoonewasinjured.(2014陕西)6.Anditiswisetohaveasmanygoodfriendsthatwecan.(2014大纲全国),butand,thatas,7.Ifyounoticethatwhensomeoneismissingorhurt，tellyourteacherimmediately.(2014四川)8.Apassengerrealizedhecouldntfindhisticketbutbecamequiteupset.(2014浙江),去掉when,butand,9.Beforewaitingforabouthalfanhour，Iwasbeginningtogetimpatient.(2013陕西)10.“Hehasruinedhishealth.Weareworriedabouthim.”Thatiswhichotherteacherssay.(2013辽宁),BeforeAfter,whichwhat,考点1：介词误用,典例1Unfortunately，onthedevelopmentofindustrialization，theenvironmenthasbeenpolluted.(2015全国)分析withthedevelopmentof为固定短语，意思是“随着的发展”。故on改为with。,介词考点例析,典例2Oneday，littleTonywenttoashoppingcenterwithhisparents.Itwasverycrowded.Tonysawatoyonashopwindow.(2015全国)分析玩具应该是在“在橱窗内”，用介词in。故on改为in。,考点2：缺少介词,典例1Wecanlieonthegrassforarest，orsitbythelakelisteningmusic.(2014新课标全国)分析listen为不及物动词，后跟名词时应该加上介词to。,介词考点例析,典例2Whentheteacherasksusverydifficultquestions，Illthinkquicklyandstandtoanswer.(2013大纲全国)分析根据句意“站起来回答”，stand后应加up。,考点3：多余介词,典例1Pleasehelpwithmeandgivemesomeadvice.(2015四川)分析动词help为及物动词，其后接宾语时无需加介词，故去掉with。,介词考点例析,典例2ThebookImreadingoftalksaboutafternoonteainBritain.(2013新课标全国)分析分析句式结构可知Imreading为定语从句修饰Thebook，所以介词of多余。,方法归纳(1)如果句子中不缺少主语或表语，动词后又不缺少宾语，则在名词或代词前一定是缺少介词。(2)注意短语搭配中介词的正确使用。(3)不该用介词的短语中用了介词，如nextyear常写成inthenextyear。(4)某些及物动词短语中介词缺失，如look(at)，listen(to)，takecare(of)等。,(5)有些及物动词多加了介词，如entertheroom常写成enterintotheroom；returnmybook常写成returnback/tomybook等。(6)注意分清连词、副词和介词之间的区别和句法功能。,考点专练,改错(每小题1处错误)1.Myoldclassroomwasinterestingbecausethreesidesoftheclassroomweremadefromglass.(2015浙江)2.Mysoccercoachretiredinlastweek.(2015陕西),fromof,去掉in,3.Ifyouhearthealarm，standinlineatthedoorandwaityourteachertoleadyououtside.(2014四川)4.Themorefriendswehave，themorewecanlearnforoneanother，andthemorepleasurewecansharetogether.(2014大纲全国),wait后加for,forfrom,5.Myunclesimmediatelyjumpedupandshottheirarrowsonthebird.(2014陕西)6.Weappreciateyourapologiesandgoodwill，butwehopethatyoucanfigureagoodwayofsettlingthematter.(2014辽宁),onat,figure后加out,7.Ifwecouldshowconcerntoothersonneed，theworldwouldbeabetterplacetolivein.(2014浙江)8.Mr.Johnsonisahardworkingteacher.Everyday，hespendstoomuchtimewithhiswork.(2013辽宁),onin,withon,9.Gradually，IbecameinterestedinbiologyandchosetolearnbiologywhenIenteredintothecollege.(2012重庆)10.Therehadbeenaterribleaccidentonthehighwayand，foraresult，therewasalonglineoftrafficforatleastsixmiles.(2012辽宁),去掉into,foras,考点1：漏掉冠词,典例1NowIamlivinginacity，butImissmyhomeincountryside.(2015全国)分析城市生活与乡村生活对比，此处特指乡村，所以用inthecountryside。,冠词考点例析,典例2Asresult，theplantsaregrowingeverywhere.(2014新课标全国)分析asaresult为固定搭配，故as后应加a。,典例3Thiscustomsoonbecameanothermealofday.(2013新课标全国)分析由句意可知此处指的是特定一天中的另一顿餐，因此day前应加定冠词the。,考点2：冠词错用,典例1Tonysawatoyinashopwindow.Awomansawhimcryingandtoldhimtowaitoutsideashop.(2015全国)分析特指上文提到的商店，因此用定冠词the，故outsideashop应改为outsidetheshop。,冠词考点例析,典例2Mysoccercoachretiredlastweek.Iwantedtodosomethingspecialforhimathisretirementparty.Ataparty，mycoach，withabiscuitinhismouth，askedsurprisinglywhomadethemandjoked，“Imighthavetoretireagainnextyearjusttogetsomemoreofthesebiscuits.”(2015陕西)分析由语境可知party再次出现，指的是前文他们一起参加的那个晚会，属于特指。故Ataparty改为Attheparty。,考点3：多余冠词,典例Inafact，heevenscaredmyclassmatesawaywhentheycameovertoplayordohomeworkwithme.(2013新课标全国)分析infact为固定词组，意为“事实上，实际上”，故去掉a。,冠词考点例析,方法归纳(1)根据泛指和特指，判断用定冠词还是不定冠词。若泛指“一个”再根据单词的第一个音素来判定用a还是an。(2)根据固定搭配。注意固定搭配中不能多用或少用冠词。,考点专练,改错(每小题1处错误)1.Iwasalwaysinterestedtoseethedriversinhurryinthemorning.(2015浙江)2.Besides，Cleotendstobarkaaverageofsixhoursaday.(2014辽宁),hurry前加a,第一个aan,3.Today，Iamgoingtotalkaboutwhatyoushoulddow
展开阅读全文