2019-2020年高中英语 Unit1 Great scientists Section I Warming up and Reading练习 新人教版必修5.doc

2019-2020年高中英语 Unit1 Great scientists Section I Warming up and Reading练习 新人教版必修5一、课前预习 I. 词义配对1. conclude A. to think or say that sb/sth is responsible for sth bad2. characteristic B. to win against sb in a war, petition, sports, game,etc3. defeat C. to deal with or control a situation, a person, an area of work4. expert D. a connection between two or more people or things5. expose E. to show sth that is usually hidden6. blame F. to make a person or an animal healthy again after an illness7. cure G. extremely bad or serious8. handle H. a typical feature or quality that sth/sb has9. link I. to decide or believe sth as a result of what you have heard or seen 10. severe J. a person with special knowledge, skill or training in sthII重点短语1. 提出_2. 得出结论_3. 分析结果_4. 使显露；暴露_5. 每一次_6. 下定决心_7. 深入调查_8. 观察；调查_9. 将和联系或连接起来_10. 应该被罚_III重点句型1. Which scientist _ that objects in water _ _ _ by a force that helps them float?哪位科学家发现了水里的物体是被帮助它们漂浮的力托起的？2. Who invented _ _ _ _ _ to everybody in large cities?谁发明了把电输送给大城市里每个居民的方法？3. John Snow was a famous doctor in London-_ expert, indeed, _ he _ Queen Victoria _ _ _ _.约翰斯诺是伦敦一位著名的医生他的确医术精湛，因而成为照料维多利亚女王的私人医生。4. But he became _ when he thought about _ _ _ _ _ cholera.但是当他一想到要帮助那些得了霍乱的普通百姓时，他就感到很振奋。5. _ its cause _ its cure was understood.人们既不知道它的病源，也不了解它的治疗方法。6. The first _ _ cholera _ in the air.第一个表明霍乱病毒在空气中繁殖。7. It seemed that the water _ _ _. 看来（霍乱的流行）要归罪于引用水。8. To prevent this from happening again, John Snow _ _ the source of all the water supplies _ _.为了防止这种情况再度发生，约翰斯诺建议，所有水源都要经过检测。二、重难点剖析1. John Snow was a famous doctor in Londonso expert, indeed, that he attended Queen Victoria as her personal physician.约翰斯诺是伦敦一位著名的医生他的确医术精湛，因而成为照料维多利亚女王的私人医生。so.that.意为“如此.以至于.。在这个结构中，so后接adj.和adv.。she is so lovely that everyone likes her.她是如此的可爱以至于大家都喜欢她。拓展：(1)such a/an+adj.+n.+that(从句）意为“如此.以至于.。Mary caught such a bad cold that she coughed day and night.玛丽患上了重感冒以至于她日夜咳嗽。(2)such+adj.+名词(复数)+that/such+adj.+不可数名词+that。He made such rapid progress that his teacher praised him before class.他取得了这么大的进步以至于老师在全班面前表扬了他。(3)在sothat引导的复合句中, so 的部分位于句首时，主句要倒装。So interesting is the book that everyone likes it. 这本书是如此有趣，以至于所有学生都喜欢它。即境活用：(1) So sudden _ that the enemy had no time to escape. (xx高考题山东卷)A. did the attack B. the attack did C. was the attack D. the attack was(2)The Great Wall is _ tourist attraction that millions of people pour in every year. A. so a well-known B. a so well-known C. such well-known a D. such a well-known(3) His plan was such a good one _ we all agreed to accept it. A. so B. and C. that D. as2. The first suggested that cholera multiplied in the air. 第一个表明霍乱病毒在空气中繁殖。(1)suggest 在此句中表“暗示，表明”，其后所接的从句，从句中的谓语动词根据需要使用相应的时态。His expression suggested that he was exited.他的表情表示他很兴奋。The terrible result of the exam suggested that he didnt prepare for it.(2)suggest 表“建议”其后所接的从句，要用虚拟语气，从句中的谓语为“should +动词原形”，should 可以省略。My parents suggest that I (should) go to university.我父母建议我上大学。The teacher suggest that the homework (should) be done on time.老师建议说要按时完成作业。(3) suggest +doingHe suggested going out for a picnic. 他建议出去野餐。归纳总结：后接宾语从句需要用虚拟语气的词语还有：insist; order, mand; advise, propose, suggest; demand, desire, require, request等，可以用口诀记忆：一坚持；二命令；三建议；四要求。如：He insists that we (should) listen to him. 他坚持要我们听他的。The UN has demanded that all troops (should) be withdrawn. 联合国已要求撤出所有部队。即境活用：(1) What he said in the meeting suggested that he _ with us.A. not agree B. should agree C. agreeing D. didnt agree(2) My mother suggested that I _ late for school again.A. not be B. was C. be D. should be(3) _ be sent to study abroad?A. Who do you suggest that should B. who you suggestC. Who do you suggest D. Do you suggest whom should3. A woman, who had moved away from Broad Street, liked the water from the pump so much that she had it delivered to her house every day. 有一位妇女是从宽街搬过来的，她特别喜欢那里的水，每天都派人从水泵打水运到家里。have sth+过去分词，表示“请/让别人做某事”，此时过去分词所表示的动作不是主语发出的。I had my hair cut yesterday. 我昨天理发了。归纳总结：have sb. do sth.让某人做某事have sb. doning sth.让某人一直做某事have sth. done请某人做某事My mother had my father mop the floor. 妈妈让爸爸擦地板。The boss had the boy working day and night. 老板让男孩从早到晚的工作。即境活用：(1)-Did you wash the clothes?-No, I _, because I felt very tired after working.A. have them washed B. have washing them C. had them washed D. washed them(2) I think you must understand the rule in school by now. Youve had it _ several times.A. explaining B. to explain C. explain D. explained 4. It seemed that the water was to blame.看来（霍乱的流行）要归罪于引用水。(1). vt. 责备；谴责；把.归咎于。blame sb for sth/doing sth.因为某事、做某事而责备某人My father didnt blame me for doing that. 爸爸没有责备我做了那件事。The mayor was blamed for neglect og duty. 市长被指控玩忽职守。(2) be to blame 意为“应付责任”Who is to blame for the matter?谁应该为此事负责？Tom rather than his father is to blame.汤姆应为此事负责而不是他的父亲。即境活用：(1) Mr Green stood up in defence of the 16-year-old boy, saying that he was not the one _.A. blamed B. blaming C. to blame D. to be blamed三、易错易混知识点 1. affect, effectaffect(影响；感动)为及物动词。effect(影响)为名词，且用于 have an effect (on) 这一结构中。表示影响时，affect 相当于have an effect on.What he said didnt affect my decision.= What he said had no effect on my decision.即境活用：(1) The medicine _ on the patient.这种药在病人身上立竿见影。(2) Early people _ on the environment.早期人类对环境没有多少影响。2. announce,declare(1) announce 指预告性地宣布或公开宣告大家关心的事。They havent announced their divorce.他们还没有宣布他已经离婚。(2) declare 指的是正式公布，当众宣布，通常指官方正式宣布、宣告的事情。The government has declared war on the neighbouring country. 政府和邻国宣战。The chairman declared the meeting closed. 主席宣布会议闭幕。3. the other, anotherthe other 表示两个中的另一个；another 指不定数目的另一个。The old man has two sons. One is a doctor, and the other is a lawyer. 老人有两个儿子，一个是医生，一个是律师。Ill give you another example.我会再给你举个例子。即境活用：(1) Both sides have accused _ of breaking the contract. (xx年上海春)A. another B. the other C. neither D. each(2) No progress was made in the trade talk as neither side would accept the conditions of _. (xx高考题上海卷)A. others B. the other C. either D. another4. across, through, overacross 表示“横过；穿过”,着重指从物体表面的以一边到另一边。through 表示“穿过；从中通过”，着重指指从物体中间穿过。over 表示从一个物体的一边上方到另 一边，“越过”。The Great Wall winds its way from west to east, across deserts, over mountains, through valleys, till at last it reaches the sea. 长城自西向东蜿蜒盘旋，穿过沙漠，越过高山，穿过山谷，最后到达大海。四、课后自测（一）基础知识自测I. 单词拼写1. The police _(得出结论)， from the evidence, that the girl had stolen the money.2. They had a big wedding party. Many people _ （参加）it.3. By not working hard enough, you will be _ (打败) by your petitors.4. But he became inspired when he thought about helping ordinary people _(暴露) to cholera.5. I was impressed by her way of _ (处理)the affair.6. The doctor cannot guarantee a _ (治愈).7. What made you _ (怀疑)her?8. Which should be to _ (应受责备) for the accident?9. The clever girl _ (吸收) all the knowledge her teacher taught her.10. Have they _ (宣布) their marriage?II.用所给短语的正确形式填空conclude, defeat, attend, cure, challenge, suspect, blame, announce, expose, characteristic1. A nurse _ to his needs.2. What _ distinguish the Americans from the Canadians?3. The doctors _ her of cancer.4. She _ the newspaper to prove its story.5. He was _ in the election.6. A bad workman _ his tools.7. The Prime Minister _ that she would resign.8. The meeting _ at 8 oclock.9. The soil was washed away by the food, _ bare rock.10. I _ the truth of her statement.（二）能力提升自测I.单项填空1. I clearly remember during that talk he _ that people, young or old, get regular exercise every day and make it into a habit.A. reminded B. announced C. instructed D. suggested2. No one can _ a plan better than the one under consideration.A. e up B. put forward C. put off D. put up3. After a fortnights _, the doctor successfully _ me of my headache.A. cure; treated B. treatment; cured C. cure; treats D. treat; cures4. _ for the breakdown of the school puter network, Alice was in low spirits.A. Blaming B. Blamed C. To blame D. To be blamed5. She tries to _ students _ art and music. A. exposed; to B. expose; to C. exposed; in D. expose; in6. To _, I wish you a Happy New year.A. conclude B. conclusion C. concluding D. conclusive7. A big building has been _ in my hometown.A. put away B. put into C. put out D. put up8. If Newton lived today he would be surprised by what _ in science and technology.A. had discovered B. had been discovered C. has discovered D. has been discovered9. They blamed the accident _ the driver, but I think they should blame the passer-by _ it.A. on, for B. for, on C. for, for D. on, on10. The teacher is not only strict _ his work, but also strict _ his students.A. in, with B. with, in C. in, at D. on, at11. Bill suggested _ a meeting on what to do for the Shanghai Expo during the vacation. A. having held B. to hold C. holding D. hold12. He came to my class every week, but his attitude _ he was not really interested in the subject. A. expressed B. described C. explained D. suggested13. _ to help the poor, he donated all his money. A. Having determined B. Determining C. Determined D. To determine14. After he became conscious, he remembered _ and _ on the head with a rod. A. to attack; hit B. to be attacked; to be hit C. attacking; be hit D. having been attacked; hit15. _ with so much trouble, we failed to plete the task on time. A. Faced B. Face C. Facing D. To face（三）智能拓展训练I.完形填空It was a busy morning, about 8:30, when an elderly gentleman in his 80s came to the hospital. I heard him saying to the nurse that he was in a hurry for appointment （约会）at 9:30.The nurse had him take a 1 in the waiting area, 2 him it would be at least 40 minutes 3 someone would be able to see him .I saw him 4 his watch and decided, since I was 5 busy-my patient didnt 6 at the appointed hour ,I would examine his wound. While taking care of his wound ,I asked him if he had another doctors appointment. The gentleman said no and told me that he 7 to go to the nursing home on eat breakfast with his 8 .He told me that she had been 9 for a while and that she had a special disease, I asked if she would be 10 if he was a bit late. He replied that she 11 knew who he was, and that she had not been able to 12 him for five years now. I was 13 and asked him,” And you 14 go every morning, even though she doesnt know who you are?”He smiled and said. “She doesnt know me, but I know who she is.” I had to hold back 15 as he left.Now I 16 that in marriages, true love is 17 of all that. The happiest people dont 18 have the best of everything; they just 19 the best of everything they have. 20 isnt about how to live through the storm, but how to dance in the rain.1. A. breath B. test C. seat D. break2. A. persuading B. promising C. understanding D. telling3. A. if B. before C. since D. after4. A. taking off B. fixing C. looking at D. winding5. A. very B. also C. seldom D. not6. A. turn up B. show off C. e on D. go away7. A. needed B. forgot C. agreed D. happened8. A. daughter B. wife C. mother D. sister9. A late B. well C. around D. there10. A. lonely B. worried C. doubtful D. hungry11. A. so far B. neither C. no longer D. already12. A. recognize B. answer C. believe D. expect13.A. moved B. disappointed C. surprised D .satisfied14.A. only B. then C. thus D. still15.A. curiosity B. tears C. words D. judgment16. A. realize B. suggest C. hope D. prove17. A. agreement B. expression C. acceptance D. exhibition18. A. necessarily B. pletely C. naturally D. frequently19. A. learn B. make C. favor D. try20. A. Adventure B. Beauty C. Trust D .LifeII单句改错1. We object to leave him alone at home. 2. Aspirin is a wonderful cure of cold. 3. Can you treat me of my headache? 4. Absorbing in his writing, the writer forgot to flick the ashes from his cigar. 5. It is sure that our team will win. 6. No one announced me the time of the lecture, so I missed it. 7. How to prepare a body for it was still remained a difficult job. 8. This place is in a great need of teachers. 9. Would you please explain us the usage of the last word in this sentence?10. After four years of fighting, the war came to one end . 答案与解析Section I Warming up and Reading一、课前预习 I. 词义配对1.I 2.H 3. B 4. J 5. E 6. A 7. F 8.C 9.D 10.GII重点短语1. put forward 2. draw a conclusion 3. analyse the result 4. expose to 5. every time 6. be determined to do 7. make further investigations 8. look into 9. linkto 10. be to blameIII重点句型5. discovered; are lifted up 4. the way of giving electricity5. so; that; attended; as her personal physician.6. inspired; helping ordinary people exposed to 7. Neither; nor8. suggested that; multiplied9. was to blame10. suggested that; be examined二、重难点剖析1. (1) C在sothat引导的复合句中, so 的部分位于句首时，主句要倒装。(2) D 语序为such a/an+adj.+n.+that(3) C suchthat 固定句型2.（1）D. 考查suggest的用法。 suggest 在此句中以为表明，所以从句中不用虚拟语气，用一般过去时。（2）A.考查suggest的用法。 suggest 在此句中以为建议，从句中用虚拟语气，（should） not be late for school again.（3）C. 考查插入语。do you suggest 是插入语，suggest 表“建议”，后用虚拟语气，should 省略。3. (1) C. 考查短语have sth. done因为工作之后有些累了，所以应该是让别人把衣服洗了。(2) D. 考查短语 have sth. done句意为：我想目前你一定了解学校的规则了。你已经听过很多遍解释了。规则是被别人解释了很多遍，所以用 have sth. done4. (1) C. 考查固定句型 sb. be to blame三、易错易混知识点 1. （1）has an immediate effect (2) had very little effect3. (3) C. 句意为双方都指控对方撕毁了合同。(4) B. 句意为因为双方都不能接受对方的条件导致贸易谈话没有进展。四、课后自测（一）基础知识自测I. 单词拼写1. concluded 2. attended 3. defeat 4. exposed 5. handling 6. cure 7 suspect 8. blame 9. absorbed 10. announcedII.用所给短语的正确形式填空1. attends 2. characteristics 3. cured 4. challenged 5. defeated 6. blames 7. announced 8. concluded 9. exposing 10. suspect（二）能力提升自测I.单项填空1. D. 考查suggest 用法。根据宾语从句中的谓语动词用动词原形get, make可以判断此处是虚拟语气，四个动词中只有suggest 表建议是， 后跟的从句用虚拟语气。2. B. 考查动词短语的区别。句意为：没有人能提出比这个正在考虑中的计划更好的计划了。B项为提供A、C、D项放在此处不符合句意。3. B. 考查动词搭配。第一个空强调治疗过程，应用treatment;第二个空表示治疗结果，固定搭配为cure sb. of ones disease. 句意为：经过两周的治疗后，医生成功地治愈了我的头疼病。4. B. 考查非谓语动词的用法。此句中非谓语动词在句中做原因状语。 Alice是被责备的对象，故需要用过去分词形式表示被动意义。句意为：爱丽丝因为使学校电脑网络瘫痪而被责备，她情绪低落。5. B. 考查expose to 是固定搭配6. A. 考查to conclude 是固定搭配意为最后，在这里做插入语。7. D. 考查短语 put away 把放回原处 put out 熄灭 put up 张贴，公布8. D. 意为：如果牛顿活到今天会因人类已经发现的事物感到惊奇。9. A. blame sb. for sth.= blame sth. on sb. 意为“把某事归罪于某人”。10. A. 考查固定搭配：be strict with sb. in sth.11. C. 考查动词搭配：suggest doing12. D. 考查suggest的用法。suggest 意为表明。13. C. 考查非谓语动词用法，determined to do sth. 在句中做状语。14. D. 考查remember 用法。Remember doing 表示记得做过某事，remember to do 表示记得要做某事。15. A. 考查非谓语动词，be faced with 意为面对某事。Faced with 在此句中为过去分词做状语。（三）智能拓展训练I完形填空1. C. 考查take 短语。take a breath 吸一口气。Take a test 进行测试。Take a seat 就坐，坐下。Take a beak 休息。2. D. 考查动词词义辨析。 四个选项分别为“劝说”，“许诺”，“理解”，“告诉”。由上下文可知，应选telling.意为，护士告诉老先生至少需要等40分钟。3. B. 考查连词用法辨析。由题干可知，老先生看病前，至少要等40分钟，因此此题选“before”，引导的是时间状语从句。而“if”表示条件，“since”表示时间或者原因。“After” 表示时间，均不符合题意。4. C. 考查动词及其短语辨析。由语境可知，老先生应该是看时间，因此选择“looking at”。A项表示脱下，B项表示固定；安装；修理，D项表示蜿蜒，缠绕。5. D. 考查副词词义辨析。从后文“我” 的病人未到可知，当时“我”不忙，因此，本题应选“not”。其他的选项的含义明显与句意不符，容易排除。6. A. 考查动词短语辨析。由上题“我不忙”可知本句阐述的是不忙的原因，即病人未到。Turn up 到来，出现,符合题意。Show off 炫耀，e on 加油，快来。Go away 离开，均不符合题意。7. A. 考查动词词义辨析。四个选项分别为“需要”“忘记”“同意”“碰巧，放生”之意。根据上下文，老先生想去疗养院和妻子吃早饭，因此，应选A8. B. 考查名词词义辨析。 根据下文中的 “marriage” 可知答案为B。9. D. 考查副词词义辨析。根据上下文可知，老先生的妻子因病已经到那一段时间了，因此，应选 “there”，指代上文的nursing home.10. B. 考查形容词词义辨析。根据上下文可知此处表示“我”问老先生，如果他晚一点回去，他妻子是否会担心。11. C. 考查词组辨析。 根据上下文，老汉的妻子已经认不出他了，因此此处应选“no longer”不再。A项表示到目前为止。B项表示都不。D项表示“已经”。12. A. 考查动词词义辨析。根据上文妻子已经不再知道老先生是谁可知，本题意为：认不出他已经五年了。13. C. 考查形容词词义辨析。A感动的。B失望的。C吃惊的，惊奇的。D满意的。14. D. 考查副词词义辨析。A仅仅，只。B那么，然后。C 这样，因而。D 依旧还。15. B. 考查名词词义辨析。A项表示好奇，B项表示眼泪。C项表示话。根据空前的短语“hold back”,及句意可知，此处意思是忍住眼泪，B正确。16.A.考查动词词义辨析。四个选项分别意为“意识到”“建议”“希望”“证明”。本段是结论段，“我”意识到一个哲理。因此，A正确。17. C. 考查名词词义辨析。四个选项分别为“同意，协议”“表达”“接受”“展览”。根据上下文可知，此处表示婚姻中真正的爱就是接受。18. A. 考查副词词义辨析。四个选项分别意为“必要地、必然地”“彻底地”“自然地”“频繁地”。根据句意可知，此处表示最幸福的人并不一定拥有最好的东西。19. B. 考查动词短语搭配。句意是“他们是指充分利用拥有的一切”。“make the best of”是个固定搭配，表示充分利用。20. D.考查名词词义辨析。四个选项分别为“冒险”“漂亮”“信任”“生活”之意。“我“最后悟出了生活哲理，因此选。II单句改错1. leave -leaving 2. of-for 3. offor/ treatcure4. Absorbing-Absorbed 5. surecertain 6. me之前加to7. 删除was 8. 删除 a 9. us之前加to 10. onean