2019-2020年高中英语 Module 4 知识点讲解 外研版必修1.doc

2019-2020年高中英语 Module 4 知识点讲解 外研版必修1【词条1】survey 【点拨】survey 常作名词,意为调查,视察。如: The survey shows that most students are satisfied with the food. Different results are reached in these surveys. 【上层楼】 1. survey作名词常用于make a survey,意为做调查。如: I have to make a survey to a group of primary school students to finish my paper. 2. survey 还可作动词,意为调查,查看；评述,概述。如: About half the students were surveyed in the school. They got off the car to survey the damage. This book surveys the situation of that island country. 3. survey, test, check用法辨析: 这三个词都可表示检查,审查,但侧重点各有不同。 survey多指检查事物并对其做出鉴定或调查一群人的行为、观点(通常以提问的形式)。如: Youd better have the house surveyed before deciding to buy it. test多指测验,测试。如: We have to take part in many tests in life. check侧重于核查,多指有一个参照的标准。如: Take notes and Ill check it later.【词条2】fortunate【点拨】fortunate为形容词,意为幸运的,吉祥的。如: I am fortunate to have a big happy family, which gives me love at any time. It was fortunate that the girl was playing outdoors when the house broke down suddenly. 【上层楼】 1. fortunate 常用于be fortunate to do / doing或it be fortunate that .,意为很幸运。如: I felt fortunate to get so many friends here. It was fortunate that the fire was put out in time. 2. fortune n.运气,机会；一大笔钱,常用于以下短语: make a / ones fortune发大财。如: Henry Ford made his fortune in business. seek ones fortune寻找未来,寻求发迹。如: My uncle went out to seek his fortune in 1974. 3. unfortunate adj.不幸的,遗憾的；unfortunately adv.不幸地。如: He is very unfortunate in his marriage. Unfortunately, he lost his job after he broke his leg. 4. fortunate, lucky用法辨析: fortunate 常指由于某种境遇或命运决定的幸运。如: You are so fortunate to be born in your family. lucky 常用来表示意外的或偶然的好运。如: He was lucky to have met that teacher in his twenties who helped him a lot in his later work.【词条3】sound【点拨】sound可作动词,意为听起来似乎,让人听着好像。在句子中与形容词构成系表结构。sound可接like短语, as if 从句或副词。如: It sounds as if he has never stayed in his hometown. How about having dinner and watching a film together? Sounds great! 【上层楼】 1. sound作动词还可意为发出声音,发出警报。如: The bell sounded for the end of the class. The dog sounded to warn the host as a stranger came near. 2. sound adj.明智的,合理的；安全的,香甜的；sound n.声音。如: He always gives me some sound suggestions when I am in trouble. I have had a sound sleep last night. Why are you making so loud sounds at midnight? 【词条4】bother【点拨】bother为动词,意为打扰,烦扰；麻烦,费心。如: I dont mean to bother you. The thing that bothered me was that my little daughter was ill at home.【上层楼】 1. bother意为烦恼,烦扰时常用于bother sb. (about / with sth.)。如: Dont bother me with such trivial(微不足道的)things. 2. bother还可以意为花费时间、精力(做某事),常用于bother with / about sth.。如: I dont know what she is bothering with. It is such a simple trick that I dont even bother to think. 3. bother还可作名词,意为困难,麻烦；令人烦恼的事或人。如: You may call to tell them and save yourself the bother of going round. You shouldnt treat your child as a bother. 4. bother, annoy, trouble用法辨析: bother打扰,麻烦,指给人行动带来不便或身心带来痛苦。如: She is always bothering me with maths problems before I go to bed. annoy 指由于干扰、不顺利或受不了某种外界的情况等而烦恼,懊恼。如: His bad behaviors annoyed me. trouble 比bother的程度更深,指使人苦恼。如: What is troubling you? 经典短语透视 【短语1】get away from【点拨】get away from 意为摆脱,离开。如:You can not get away from the fact that you will have to take the exam tomorrow.Its not right for you to get away from work at this time. 【上层楼】1. get away from后可接人也可接物,表示摆脱,逃离,也可直接写成get away。如:A police officer caught the thief but he got away quickly.My parents wont let me get away from home at night.2.常用的其他get短语还有:get along进展,相处。如:How do you get along with your classmates?get over . 以恢复过来。如:Hope you can get over the illness soon.【短语2】put up【点拨】put up意为修建,搭起。如:Within a few years, many new houses were put up along the river.The museum was put up in 1924.【上层楼】put up还可意为举起(手)；挂上,张贴；留住宿。如:Who knows the answer? Put up your hand please.All kinds of notices are put up on the board.You shouldnt have put up a stranger, when you are alone at home. 热点语法聚焦 现在完成时态 现在完成时态是高考的常考点之一,它易与一般过去时态混淆。本期我们主要介绍一下现在完成时态的用法及其与一般过去时态的区别。一、现在完成时态的用法1. 表示继续现在完成时表示继续意义旨在说明过去的动作一直延续到现在,也就是说从过去某时开始的动作或状态一直持续到现在。如:We have talked on the Internet since a year ago.Our class have prepared for the party all this week. 注意:表示继续的现在完成时态多与表示一段时间的时间状语连用。常用的这类时间状语有:for + 时间段,since 时间点,how long, lately, always, all day, until now, up to now, recently等。2. 表示经验现在完成时可以说明从过去到现在的经验,即从过去到现在这段时间之间曾经经历过或做过的事情。如:I have been to New York three times. I have taught English in a primary school before.3. 表示完成现在完成时有时意为刚做完或做完了,表示过去开始的动作现在刚刚结束。如:Ive just finished watching the movie. My mother has just gone to Changsha.4. 表示结果 现在完成时可以用来强调过去的动作对现在仍有影响。如:Electricity(电)has made our life colorful.I have lost my wallet. 注意:表示结果的完成时往往不必用时间状语。二、现在完成时态和一般过去时态的区别使用现在完成时态重在说明现在的情况,表示过去与现在的关系,强调结果；一般过去时则只涉及过去的行为或状态本身。所以说话人要表达的侧重点不同,要用的时态就不同。试比较:Have you had your lunch?(侧重现在的情况)Did you have your lunch?(强调过去的行为)The old man has lived in Beijing for over 20 years. (那个老人现在还活着,现在还住在北京或者刚离开)The old man lived in Beijing for over 20 years. (那个老人现在已故去)