中考英语二轮复习第5讲形容词副词介词讲义.doc

教学资料参考范本中考英语二轮复习第5讲形容词副词介词讲义撰写人：_时 间：_【知识点睛】一、形容词重点1：形容词比较等级比较对象形容词形式常见句型原级两者原形_比较级两者形容词er_修饰语：_ _最高级三者及以上形容词est_ 修饰语：_ _重点2：ing形容词和ed形容词surprisinginteresting exciting pleasingfrighteningsurprisedinterested excitedpleasedfrightened令人感动的：_(令人)疲倦的：_有极大吸引力的；迷人的：_ing形容词： 表主动意义，多指事物(人)对人的影响，一般修饰物ed形容词： 表被动意义，多为人的感受，一般修饰人难点1：形容词比较级别的转换 (句子转换)Li Lei is the tallest student in his class. _ in his class._ in his class.= Li Lei is taller than anyone else in his class. any of the other students in his class.the rest of the students in his class.= No one is as tall as Li Lei in his class.= No one is taller than Li Lei in his class.难点2：多个形容词的排序问题(了解)口诀：限观形龄颜国材（县官行令宴国才）规则：1. 限定词，包括冠词、指示代词、形物代、名词所有格、数词2. (观点)描绘性形容词，如beautiful，fine，interesting等3. 表示大小、长短、高低及形状的形容词，如tall, high, small, little, round等4. 表示年龄、新旧的形容词，如young, old, new等5. 表示颜色的形容词，如black, white, blue等6. 表示国籍、地区、出处的形容词7. 表示构成材料的形容词e.g. 两个圆形蓝色塑料盘：_两张新的中国式木制大圆桌：_二、副词难点1：兼有两种形式的副词close_He is sitting close to me.closely_Watch him closely.late_lately_What have you been doing lately?deep_He pushed the stick deep into the mud.deeply_I was deeply moved by the moving film.high_The plane was flying high.highly_I think highly of your opinion.wide_He opened the door wide.widely_English is widely used in the world.free_You can eat free in my restaurant.freely_You may speak freely; say what you like.三、介词及介词短语（一）重点介词辨析1. 时间介词in, on, at一般特殊at+ 时间点at noon/night/dawnon+ 日期/星期具体的某天早上中午晚上in+ 世纪，年代，年，季节，月in the morning/evening/afternoon2. 方位介词in, on, to _ _3. 地点介词in_, at_, on_4. 方位介词两“中间”among between5. 方位介词两前两后6. 方位介词两“通过”across through7. 方位介词三上三下8. 方式介词：with, without, by, but, except, besides, except for等（二）to作为介词时的常考短语look forward to _ (do) sth. pay attention to _ (do) sth. devote oneself to _ (do) sth. beget used to _ (do) sth. make a contribution to _ (do) sth. prefer doing to _ (do) sth. （三）动介短语 VS 动副短语动副短语中代词作宾语时必须放在动词后副词前，当宾语是名词时，放在副词的前后均可。初中常考动（副）介短语到达：arrive _ 闯入：break _担心：worry _请求；要求：ask _和意见一致：agree _拜访；访问：call _担心；关心：care _赶上；追上：catch _ look at point atlaugh at knock at/ondepend oninsist onget on/off fall offdeal withtalk with/topoint tospeak toget to happen to listen toreply tolearn about talk about think about know aboutdream about/ofthink of knock into fall intoget in drop in/by go bypay forlook forwait forlook aftergo throughlearn from look like初中常考动副短语使高兴：cheer _分发：give _ 出故障：break _浏览：look _脱下：take _爆发：break _ 叫醒某人：wake _用光：use _bring outclean out pick outhand out put outsend outtake outfind outhang out point out sell outsend uphang upmake upshow upstand upstay upwake upclean uppick upgive upput upset upturn updress upget upgo upgrow upcut down put downtake downgo downfall down lie downput ontry onfeed ongo onhand onhold on keep onput off turn off go off show off set off run offput away send awaytake away go awaygive backget backput back go back pay backthink overget overgo over look overhand ingive in【精讲精练】一、单选( )1. My family and I had a(n) _ trip in Taiwan because of the typhoon and rainstorm.( )2. It was such an _ joke that everyone felt _. A. embarrassed; embarrassingB. embarrassed; embarrassedC. embarrassing; embarrassingD. embarrassing; embarrassed( )3. Is this a photo of your daughter? She looks _ in the pink dress!A. lovelyB. quietlyC. politelyD. happily( )4. George, how can you prove the earth is round?I cant, sir. _, I never said it was.A. ThenB. However C. BesidesD. Instead( )5. Do you like the western food, Li Hua? No, I think the food of our country is _ that of western countries. A. as delicious asB. less delicious thanC. not as delicious asD. much more delicious than ( )6. The stuntman is planning to walk on the wings of a flying plane.What?! Ive never heard of _ idea before. A. a crazierB. the crazierC. a craziestD. the craziest( )7. I know you are shorter than your brothers, but you run _. A. more fasterB. fastest C. more fastD. fast ( )8. We will never forget what happened _ the afternoon of May 12, 20xx.A. inB. byC. atD. on( )9. The dictionary is what I want, but I dont have enough money _ me.A. by B. for C. in D. with( )10. Tired, Jim was fast asleep with his back _ a big tree.A. in B. belowC. beside D. against( )11. When did you last hear _ Jay?He phoned me this morning, and we agreed _ a time and place to meet.A. of; to B. about; withC. from; with D. from; on( )12. At times an ad can lead you to buy something you dont need at all. So you have to be careful. 请选出与划线部分同义的选项。A. SometimeB. Sometimes C. Some time D. Some times( )13. At the railway station, the mother waved goodbye to her daughter until the train was _.A. out of sight B. out of reachC. out of order D. out of place( )14. Why are you so anxious? It isnt your problem _.A. on purpose B. in allC. on time D. after all( )15. That woman will quarrel _ everybody _ anything.A. about; aboutB. about; withC. with; aboutD. with; with二、根据句意，用适当的介词填空1.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.9.10.11.12.13.14.15.16. Here are some flowers _ you _ our best wishes.17. We cant live _ water or air.18. Japan is _ the east of China.三、根据提示填空19. I think this problem is much _ (easy) than that one.20. He is a(an) _ (honest) boy so we seldom believe what he says.21. What should we do to help the _ (home) people after the earthquake?22. Daniel did the exercises too _ (粗心), and it made his teacher very angry.23. Finally we _ (想出) an idea.24. _ (越忙) he is, _ (越高兴) he feels.25. Shanghai is _ (最现代的城市之一) in China.【参考答案】 【知识点睛】一、形容词排序：限观形龄颜国材 好美小高状其新，颜色国料用途亲 美小圆旧黄，法国木书房 功能：作表语、作定语、作宾语补足语重点1：形容词比较等级 原级常见句型：as+adj./adv.(原级)+asnot as/so+adj./adv.(原级)+as 比较级常见句型：比较级+thanWhich/Who is+形容词(比较级)，A+or+B？比and比the比，the比修饰语：any/no/much/many/very/a lot/lots/a great deal/rather/times/far/a little/a bit/ even/still等 最高级常见句型：最高级 + of/in + 范围one of + 最高级 + 名词the + 序数词 + 最高级 + 名词最高级 + 定语从句修饰语：(by) far/much/nearly/almost/not quite/by no means/very/second/next等 重点2：ing形容词和ed形容词令人感动的：moving 疲倦的：tired 有极大吸引力的；迷人的：fascinating难点1：形容词比较级别的转换（句子转换）any other student the other students难点2：多个形容词的排序问题（了解）两个圆形蓝色塑料盘：two round blue plastic plates两张新的中国式木制大圆桌：two big round new Chinese wooden tables二、副词动词；形容词；状语难点1：兼有两种形式的副词近；仔细地 晚；最近 深(具体)；深深地(抽象) 高(具体)；高度(抽象)宽(具体)；广泛地(抽象)免费；无限制地三、介词及介词短语表语；定语；状语；宾语补足语（一）重点介词辨析2. in；on；to3. in“在里”，表示一个范围(或大地方) at“在”，表示一个点(或小地方) on“在上”，表示的表面上（二）to作为介词时的常考短语doing；doing；doing；doing；doing；doing（三）动介短语VS动副短语初中常考动(副)介短语 到达：arrive in/at 闯入：break into担心：worry about请求；要求：ask for和意见一致：agree with拜访；访问：call on (sb.)/at (sth.)担心；关心：care about over赶上；追上：catch up with初中常考动副短语使高兴：cheer up分发：give out 出故障：break down浏览：look through/over脱下：take off爆发：break outon backout叫醒某人：wake up用光：use up【精讲精练】一、15：CDACD 610：ABDDD 1115：DBADC二、16. for; with 17. without 18. to三、19. easier 20. dishonest 21. homeless22. carelessly 23. came up with24. The busier; the happier 25. one of the most modern cities 10 / 10