2019-2020年高三上学期开学摸底联考英语试题 含解析.doc

2019-2020年高三上学期开学摸底联考英语试题 含解析注意事项：1答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、班级、座号写在答题卷密封线内。2非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答。3答案一律写在答题区域内，不准使用铅笔和涂改液不按以上要求作答的答案无效I 语言知识及应用（共两节，满分45分）第一节 完形填空（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从115各题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。A boy lost his arms in an accident and had to depend on hisbrother for almost everything. His younger brother became his 1 , never leaving him alone for years. Except for writing with his 2 , he was pletely unable to do anything in his life. One night, his brother acpanied him into the 3 and went back to wait. But being so tired, his younger brother fell 4 , leaving him in the toilet for two hours. As the two brothersgrew 5 , they had different opinions about many things and often 6 . His brother wanted to 7 from him to live his own life. Knowing this, he was heart-broken and didnt know whatto do. A similar misfortune happened to a girl. One night her 8 , who suffered from mental illness, 9 . So her father went out looking for her mother, leavingher alone at home. She tried to 10 a meal for her parents, but only to overturn the stove, resulting in a 11 , whichtook her hands away. Thoughher elder sister, who was studying in another city, showed her 12 to help her, she made up her mind to be pletely 13 . And she made it.One day, the boy and the girl were both 14 to appear on a television interview program. They both were askedto 15 something on a piece of paper with their toes. The boy wrote: My brothers arms are my arms; while the girl wrote: Broken wings, flying hearts. 【文章大意】本文叙述了两个小孩由于事故，而使自己变成了残废，失去了双手，他们凭借自己的坚强和勇气，战胜困难，可以用自己的脚趾写字，后来被邀请到电视台做了嘉宾。1. A. volunteerB. bodyguardC. servantD. shadow【答案】D【解析】考查名词及语境的理解。A. volunteer志愿者； B. bodyguard保镖； C. servant佣人； D. shadow庇护。根据never leaving him alone for years可知他的弟弟成了他的影子，故选D。2. A. feetB. handsC. toesD. arms【答案】C【解析】考查名词及语境的理解。A. feet脚； B. hands手； C. toes脚趾；D. arms胳膊。根据A boy lost his arms in an accident及最后一段末something on a piece of paper with their toes.可知他没有胳膊，所以写字只能用脚趾，故选C。3. A. kitchenB. bedroomC. toiletD. study【答案】C【解析】考查名词及语境的理解。A. kitchen厨房； B. bedroom卧室； C. toilet厕所；D. study书房。根据下文leaving him in the toilet可知他留在了厕所，故选C。4. A. asleepB. illC. awakeD. silent【答案】A【解析】考查形容词及语境的理解。A. asleep睡着； B. ill生病的； C. awake醒着的；D. silent沉默地。根据But being so tired,可知他的弟弟太累了，睡着了，故选A。5. A. olderB. tallerC. strongerD. healthier【答案】A【解析】考查形容词及语境的理解。A. older年长的；B. taller更高的；C. stronger更强壮的；D. healthier更健康的。根据grew可知当两个兄弟长大了的时候，两个人的意见不同了，故选A。6. A. foughtB. talkedC. quarreledD. discussed【答案】C【解析】考查动词及语境的理解。A. fought战斗； B. talked谈话；C. quarreled争吵； D. discussed讨论。根据they had different opinions about many things可知他们因为有不同的意见而争吵，故选C。7. A. learnB. keepC. hearD. separate【答案】D【解析】考查动词及语境的理解。A. learn学习； B. keep保持； C. hear听见； D. separate分离。有一天弟弟终于提出要离开他，因为弟弟要和很多正常人一样需要过自己的生活。故选D。8. A. fatherB. motherC. brotherD. sister【答案】B【解析】考查名词及语境的理解。根据her father went out looking for her mother可知她的母亲患有精神病，故选B。9. A. diedB. disappearedC. criedD. failed【答案】B【解析】考查动词及语境的理解。A. died死； B. disappeared消失； C. cried哭；D. failed失败。根据下文父亲出去找母亲可知她的患有精神病母亲不见了，故选B。10. A. buyB. changeC. eatD. prepare【答案】D【解析】考查动词及语境的理解。A. buy买； B. change改变；C. eat吃； D. prepare准备。她试图为她的父母准备好一顿饭，故选D。11. A. fireB. jokeC. fallD. meal【答案】A【解析】考查名词及语境的理解。A. fire火； B. joke笑话； C. fall秋天； D. meal饭。却不小心将炉子打翻，结果双手便被大火夺走了。故选A。12. A. anxietyB. willingnessC. contributionD. respect【答案】B【解析】考查名词及语境的理解。A. anxiety焦急； B. willingness乐意；C. contribution贡献；D. respect尊敬。虽然在外地读书的姐姐愿意照顾她，可倔强的她一定要自己照顾自己。故选B。13. A. relaxedB. disabledC. energeticD. independent【答案】D【解析】考查形容词及语境的理解。A. relaxed放松的； B. disabled残疾的； C. energetic精力充沛的； D. independent独立的。她下定决心要独立，故选D。14. A. madeB. invitedC. orderedD. tricked【答案】B【解析】考查动词及语境的理解。A. made创造； B. invited邀请； C. ordered命令； D. tricked诡计。根据appear on a television interview program.可知一天这个女孩和男孩他们被一家电视台邀请到了演播室。故选B。15. A. writeB. drawC. imagineD. read【答案】A【解析】考查动词及语境的理解。A. write写； B. draw绘画；C. imagine想象；D. read读。something on a piece of paper with their toes.可知让他们用脚趾写字，故选A。第二节 语法填空（共10小题; 每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空，并将答案填写在答题卷标号为1625的相应位置上。A couple had been married for over 60 years. They shared everything, talked about everything and kept no secrets 16 each other except that the woman had a box in a drawer 17 she had cautioned her husband never to open or ask her about.Hed never thought about it ever since. One day 18 woman got very sick and the doctor, said she wouldnt recover. To sort out their affairs, the husband took down the box and 19 (bring) it to his wifes bedside. She agreed it was time that he should know 20 was in the box. 21 (open) it, he found two small table mats and a sum of money totaling $ 25,000. He asked her about the contents. “When we were to be married,” she said, “my grandma told me the secret of happy 22 (marry) was never to argue, and I should just keep quiet and make a mat 23 I got angry with you.”The man was so 24 (move) that he had to fight back tears. She had only been angry with him twice in all those years of living and loving! “Honey,” he said, “that explains the mats, but what about the money? Where did it e from?”“Oh,” she said, “thats the money I made from selling 25 .”II 阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节 阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 AIts such a happy-looking library, painted yellow, decorated with palm-tree stickers and sheltered from the Florida sun by its own roof. About the size of a microwave oven, its pedestrian-friendly, too, waiting for book lovers next to a sidewalk in Palm Beach country Estates, along the northern boundary of Palm Beach Gardens.Its a library built with love.A year ago, shortly after Janey Henriksen saw a Brian Williams report about the Little Free Library organization, a Wisconsin-based nonprofit that aims to promote literacy and build a sense of munity in a neighborhood by making books freely available, she announced to her family of four, “Thats what were going to do for our spring break!”Son Austin, now a 10th-grader, didnt see the point of building a library that resembles a mailbox. But Janey insisted, and husband Peter unwillingly got to work. The 51-year-old owner of a ship supply pany modified a small wooden house that hed built years earlier for daughter Abbies toy horses, and made a door of glass.After adding the librarys final touches (装点), the family hung a signboard on the front, instructing users to “take a book, return a book,” and making the Henriksen library, now one of several hundred like it nationwide and among more than 2,500 in the world, the only Little Free Library in Palm Beach County.They stocked it with 20 or so books theyd already read, a mix of science fiction, reference titles, novels and kids favorites. “I told them, keep in mind that you might not see it again,” said Janey, a stay-at-home mom.Since then, the collection keeps replenishing (补充) itself, thanks to ongoing donations from borrowers. The library now gets an average of five visits a day.The projects best payoff, says Peter, are the thank-you notes left behind. “We had no idea in the beginning that it would be so popular.” 【文章大意】文章主要讲述了Janey Henriksen一家建立微型图书馆的故事。26. In what way is the library “pedestrian-friendly”? A. It owns a yellow roof.B. It stands near a sidewalk. C. It protects book lovers from the sun.D. It uses palm-tree stickers as decorations.【答案】B 【解析】细节理解题。 根据文章第一段第二句可知这个特殊的图书馆为过路的人提供借书的方便，因此B项正确。27. Janey got the idea to build a library from _. A. a visit to Brian WilliamsB. a spring break with her family C. a book sent by one of her neighborsD. a report on a Wisconsin-based organization【答案】D【解析】细节理解题。 根据文章第三段第一句可知Janey Henriksen是因为看到一篇关于the Little Free Library organization准备建社区图书馆的报道后受到启发才建这样特殊的图书馆的。故选D。28. The library was built _. A. by a ship supply panyB. on the basis of toy horses C. like a mailboxD. with glass【答案】C【解析】细节理解题。 根据文章第四段第一句Son Austin, now a 10th-grader, didnt see the point of building a library that resembles a mailbox.可知它就象一个邮箱，故选C。29. What can we infer about the signboard? A. It was made by a user of the library.B. It marked a final touch to the library. C. It aimed at making the library last long.D. It indicated the library was a family property.【答案】C【解析】推理判断题。 根据文章第五段可知，这个标牌要读者拿走一本书一定要归还，其目的是使图书馆能够持续更长的时间。故选C。30. The passage tells us that the users _. A. donate books to the libraryB. get paid to collect books for the library C. receive thank-you notes for using the library D. visit the library over 5 times on average daily【答案】A【解析】主旨大意题。根据thanks to ongoing donations from borrowers. The library now gets an average of five visits a day.可知要使用者能够捐赠一些书给这个图书馆，故选A。 B The day when the jobs were handed out was one of the most exciting moments for all the children in the class. It took place during the first week of the term. Every kid was given a job for which they would be responsible for the rest of that school year.Some jobs were more interesting than others, and the children were eager to be given one of the best ones. When giving them out, the teacher took into account which pupils had been most responsible during the previous year. During the previous year Rita had carried out the teachers instructions perfectly. All the children knew Rita would be given the best job.But there was a big surprise. Each child received a normal job. But Ritas job was very different. She was given a little box containing some sand and one ant. Though the teacher insisted that this ant was very special, Rita felt disappointed. Most of her classmates felt sorry for her. Even her father became very angry with the teacher and he encouraged Rita to pay no attention to this insignificant pet. However, Rita preferred to show the teacher her error by doing something special with that job of little interest.Rita started investigating all about her little ant and gave the ant the best food, and it grew quite a bit bigger.One day, a man, who looked very important, came into their classroom and declared, “Your class has been chosen to acpany me, this summer, on a journey to the tropical rain forest, where we will investigate all kinds of insects. Among all the schools of this region, your class has best cared for the little ant.”That day the school was filled with joy and celebration. Everyone thanked Rita for having been so patient and responsible. And many children learnt that to be given the most important task you have to know how to be responsible even in what are the smallest tasks.【文章大意】本文叙述了在一次老师给学生分配任务时，根据学生上学期的表现来分配，不同的 大家都认为Rita表现最好，老师应该给她一个最好的工作，可是有一个令人吃惊的事情，但是与学生的想法相反她被给一个没有兴趣的工作，她却因为这个工作而获得了好的运气。31. What did the teacher base his decision on when giving out jobs to the children? A. Their characters and interests. B. Their class performance during the previous year. C. Their working performance during the previous year. D. Their ability of managing their accounts during the previous year.【答案】C【解析】细节理解题。根据When giving them out, the teacher took into account which pupils had been most responsible during the previous year.在分发任务的时候，老师根据学生上一年的学习表现，故选C。32. What does the underlined sentence mean? A. Each child got an important job. B. Each child got an interesting job. C. The perfect student got the job of everyones preference D. The most responsible student got the job of least interest.【答案】D【解析】句意理解题。根据因为上一年Rita 表现最好，大家都认为老师应该给她一个最好的工作，可是有一个令人吃惊的事情，但是与学生的想法相反她被给一个没有兴趣的工作，故选D。33. What is Ritas attitude to her fathers suggestion? A. Negative. B. Uncertain. C. Totally positive. D. Acceptive.【答案】A【解析】细节理解题。根据he encouraged Rita to pay no attention to this insignificant pet. However, Rita preferred to show the teacher her error by doing something special with that job of little interest.她父亲鼓励她不要照顾那个小动物，可是Rita却想做好这个没有趣的工作来表明自己的老师的错误决定，故选A。34. We can infer that the man who made the declaration is a _. A. hunter B. director C. biologist D. principal【答案】C【解析】推理判断题。根据Your class has been chosen to acpany me, this summer, on a journey to the tropical rain forest, where we will investigate all kinds of insects. Among all the schools of this region, your class has best cared for the little ant.”因为学生跟随他去森林研究动物，所以猜测可能是生物学家，故选C。35. What would be the best title for the passage? A. Never plain about life.B. Small tasks can lead to fortunes. C. Men are best known by their friends. D. Responsibility and intelligence bring good luck.【答案】B【解析】标题归纳题。根据最后一句总结性的话And many children learnt that to be given the most important task you have to know how to be responsible even in what are the smallest tasks. 可知小的工作带来好运气，故选B。 CThe US government has started a website, Admongo, to help children think critically（批判性地） about the advertising aimed at them. It claims to provide visitors with an “aducation” through games and other entertainment.A cartoon man dressed in old time pilot clothing greets visitors to Admongo. Call me Haiz, he says upon arrival in a rocket ship that opens up with a crazy world inside it. Spacey dance music plays in the background as Haiz tells visitors that they need to learn about advertising.Its inventors say eight to twelve years old is the age kids develop their critical thinking abilities. Kids that age are also a big market for advertisers.The idea behind Admongo is to teach children three things: To identify the advertiser. To know what the advertiser is really saying. And to know what the advertisement is trying to get the child to do.Children learn these things through a video game. They create their own game character. They can choose different skin colors, hair styles, eye and mouth shapes. Then they begin a trip through ad-land, where there are ads on buses and billboards. The players have to find all the marketing in the neighborhood before they can move on to the next level.The Admongo game takes players inside a home, to the advertising studio and everywhere else ads can be found. It is a plete exploration of the world of marketing. One such area is food marketing. The Federal Trade mission(FTC) says it is a big business. The FTC estimates that food, drink and fast-food restaurants spent more than one and a half billion dollars on advertising to young people in xx.The FTC says children are important for three reasons. They buy products. They influence parents and caregivers to buy. And they are the future adult buyers of the products.A recent study says most advertising aimed at children is for foods of the lowest nutritional value. First Lady Michelle Obama has said she would like to see advertisers marketing healthy foods for children.【文章大意】可知本文讲述的是美国政府建立的一个网站，为了教育孩子们理解广告的真正内涵。 36. What is the best title of the text?A. The guide of Admongo B. An aducation website for childrenC. A popular online video gameD. A website aimed at children【答案】B【解析】标题归纳题。通过文章第一段The US government has started a website, Admongo, to help children think critically about the advertising aimed at them. It claims to provide visitors with an “education” through games and other entertainment.可知本文讲述的是美国政府建立的一个网站，为了教育孩子们理解广告的真正内涵。故选B。37. Why did the government start the website?A. To attract the biggest market of buyers.B. To sell the products of its pany.C. To help children know about advertising.D. To advertise the video game for children.【答案】C【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第一段1,2行The US government has started a website, Admongo, to help children think critically about the advertising aimed at them.可知这个网站的成立是为了帮助孩子们批判地思考广告。故选C。38. What can players do in the website game?A. Choose hair styles for their character.B. Travel to a supermarket.C. Eat in a fast-food restaurant.D. Play video games during the trip.【答案】A【解析】细节理解题。根据第五段第2行They can choose different skin colors, hair styles, eye and mouth shapes.可知他们可以自己选择角色的外貌。故选A。39. Children are important for advertising because they are .A. important for the society B. the most potential buyersC. easily influenced by adsD. easily affected by poor products【答案】B【解析】细节理解题。根据The FTC says children are important for three reasons. They buy products. They influence parents and caregivers to buy. And they are the future adult buyers of the products.这些孩子是最大的买家，故选B。40. According to Michelle Obama, lots of food advertised for children are _. A. healthy B. of high nutrition C. yummy D. of low quality【答案】D【解析】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段A recent study says most advertising aimed at children is for foods of the lowest nutritional value. First Lady Michelle Obama has said she would like to see advertisers marketing healthy foods for children.可知米切尔.奥巴马说她想看见给孩子们的更健康的食品的广告。说明她认为选择的儿童食品的质量不好。故选D。DCutting global warming pollution would not only make the planet healthier, it would make people healthier too, new research suggested. Cutting carbon dioxide emissions could save millions of lives, mostly by reducing preventable deaths from heart and lung diseases, according to studies released Wednesday and published in a special issue of The Lancet, a British medical journal.Relying on fossil fuels leads to unhealthy lifestyles, increasing our chances of getting sick and in some cases takes years from our lives, US Health and Human Services Secretary Kathleen Sebelius said in a telecast briefing from her home state of Kansas. As greenhouse gas emissions go down, so do deaths from cardiovascular（心血管） and respiratory（呼吸道） diseases. This is not a small effect.Instead of looking at the health ills caused by future global warming, as past studies have done, this research looks at the immediate benefits of doing something about the problem, said Linda Birnbaum, director of the US National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences.Some possible benefits seemed highly speculative, the researchers conceded, based on people driving less and walking and cycling more. Other proposals studied were more concrete and achievable, such as reducing cook stoves that burn dung（粪便）, charcoal and other polluting fuels in the developing world.And cutting carbon dioxide emissions also makes the air cleaner, reducing lung damage for millions of people, doctors said.Here are ways you can attack major health problems at the same time as dealing with climate change, said lead author Dr. Paul Wilkinson, an environmental epidemiologist at the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine.Wilkinson said the individual studies came up with numbers of premature deaths prevented or extra years of life added for certain places.For example, switching to low-polluting cars in London and Delhi, India, would save 160 lost years of life in London and nearly 1,700 in Delhi for every million residents, one study found. But if people also drove less and walked or biked more, those extra saved years would soar to more than 7,300 years in London and 12,500 years in Delhi because of less heart disease.【文章大意】本文叙述了最新研究表明，减少温室气体排放不仅能改善地球环境，还可以改善人们的健康。 41. What does the passage mainly talk about? A. How can people live longer?B. Cutting carbon dioxide emissions saves lives. C. Global warming threatens peoples lives.D. People should stop relying on fossil fuels.【答案】B【解析】主旨大意题。根据Cutting carbon dioxide emissions could save millions of lives可知减少二氧化碳的排放可以拯救数百万人