2019-2020年高三英语专题复习 动词不定式.doc

2019-2020年高三英语专题复习 动词不定式一、动词不定时的形式：肯定式：_ 否定式：_被动式：_ 完成式：_【趁热打铁】Mrs. Smith warned her daughter _ after drinking.A. never to drive B. to never driver C. never driving D. never drive二、动词不定式的用法1作主语A 动词不定式作主语，谓语动词用单数形式。如：(1) To see is to believe.(2)To master English gives us much help in the study of science.B 不定式或不定式短语作主语时，常用it作形式主语，构成“It is + 形容词(+for sb.)不定式”结构。It is impossible for him to give up smoking. 【趁热打铁】1. Is _ necessary to plete the design before National Day?A. this B. that C. it D. he2. When and where to build the new factory _ yetAis not decided Bare not decided Chas not decided Dhave not decided2.作宾语A动词后直接不定式作宾语的动词有许多，如want, decide, intend, fail, wish, export, pretend, choose等等。I mean to go there at once.B.不定式短语作宾语时，如果还带有宾语补足语，往往把不定式短语放在宾补之后，而用it作形式宾语。句型为“主语+find (feel, think, believe, consider,etc) +it+形容词/名词+to do sth”。I think it necessary to report the thing to the teacher.I find it interesting to work with him. 【趁热打铁】1. She pretended _ me when I passed by.A. not to see B. not seeing C. to not see D. having not seen2. Do you know Mr. Smith?Yes. Hes a strange man. We found _ difficult to work with him.A. us B. it C. him D. you3 作表语动词不定式作表语，一是主语由不定式充当；二是主语由抽象名词充当。To teach is to learn.The best way to improve your English is to join an English club.【趁热打铁】The purpose of the new technologies is to make life easier,_ it more difficult.A. not make B. not to make C. not making D. do not make4 作宾语补足语【注意】在感官动词（see, hear, feel, listen to , notice, watch, observe等）和使役动词（let, have， make ）后的补足语中，不定式不带to。但这类句子变成被动语态时，必须带to。 I saw him play in the park.He was seen _ in the park.5 定语1、不定式与被修饰的名词往往构成逻辑上的关系。如名词为不定式的逻辑主语，构成主谓关系； 若名词为逻辑宾语，则构成动宾关系； He is not a man to tell lies.There will not be enough space to stand in on the earth.2、作定语的不定式与所修饰的名词之间是动宾关系， 不定式动词又是不及物动词时，应在该动词上加上一个介词，如;He has a nice pen to write with.He is looking for a room to live in.【趁热打铁】With a lot of difficult problems _ , the newly elected president is having a hard time. A. settled B. settling C. to settle D. being settledThe chair looks rather hard, but in fact, it is very fortable to _.A. sit B. sit on C. be sat D. be sat on 6. 作状语不定式作状语时，可表示目的，原因，结果或条件。 如;Im very glad to hear the news. （原因)不定式作目的状语时，常可与to, to order to, so as to 连用。He got up early so as not to be late.不定式可以跟在表语的形容词之后作状语。The question is difficult to answer.有些不定式短语可以做独立成分，通常放在句首，有时置于句中或句未，须用逗号的开。To tell the truth,Strange to say, to make matters worse, to start with,to be brief【趁热打铁】We were astonished_ the temple still in its original condition.A. finding B. to find C. find D. to be foundBirds singing is sometimes a warning to other birds _ away.A. to stay B. staying C. stayed D. stay三高考真题链接1. I dont think _ possible to master a foreign language without much memory work.A. this B. that C. Its D. It2. The play _ next month aims mainly to reflect the local culture.A. produced B. being produced C. to be produced D. having been produced3. With the world changing fast, we have something new _ with all by ourselves every day.A. deal B. dealt C. to deal D. dealing4. The children all turned _ the famous actress as she entered the classroom.A. looked at B. to look at C. to looking at D. look at5. _, you need to give all you have and try your best.A. Being a winner B. To be a winner C. Be a winner D. Having been a winner