高一英语非谓语动词讲解及练习.ppt

,高一英语非谓语动词 讲解及练习,过去分词,不定式,动词的-ing 形式,非谓语动词,Smoking may cause cancer. He tried to avoid answering their questions. One of her duties is typing letters. The man sitting next to you is our headmaster. Being angry,he cant say a word. I saw him running down the street.,v-ing 形式,v-ing 形式的作用,v-ing 形式在句子中可作主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语和宾补。,V-ing 形式,动名词,现在分词,1.作主语（动名词）,e.g.Finding work is difficult theses days.,It was a waste of time reading that book. Its no use/good worrying about it.,2.作宾语（动名词）,e.g. Would you mind waiting a few minutes？ They are looking forward to Marys coming.,英语中有些动词或动词短语的后面只能跟上动名词。如 admit,appreciate,avoid, consider , give up, enjoy, regret, insist on, practise , finish, put off , mind , escape,excuse, stand(忍受) , imagine, miss,risk,suggest,cant help(禁不住), set about,后只接动名词做宾语的一些常用特殊动词 特殊动词接“动名”，使用它们要记清， “放弃”“享受”可“后悔”， “坚持”“练习”必“完成”， “延期”“避免”非“介意” 动名介宾不能忘 掌握它们你必明。,英语中有些动词可以接动名词也可以接不定式,但含义不同.,remember go on,to do doing,to do doing,to do(遗憾要做某事) doing(后悔做了某事),forget,try,to do(设法) doing(尝试着做),regret,mean,to do(继续做另外一件事) doing(继续做同一件事),stop,to do(停下手中的事去做另外一件) doing(停止做正在做的事情),to do doing,1.-What do you think made Mary so upset? -_ her new bicycle. A. As she lost B. Lost C. Losing D. Because of losing,2.She cant help _ the house because shes busy making a cake. (97 上海12) A. to clean B. cleaning C. cleaned D. being cleaned,3.While shopping, people sometime cant help _ into buying something they dont really need. (96上海14) A. to pursue B. persuading C. being persuaded D. be persuaded,A,C,C,3.作表语（动名词,现在分词）,e.g.One of her hobbies is growing flowers. The speed of the horses was amazing.,4. 作定语（动名词,现在分词）,e.g. There are no swimming pools in our school. Do you know the three children walking towards us?,1.v-ing 作定语时，单个的v-ing 形式放在所修饰的名词前；若是v-ing短语则要放在所修饰的名词之后 2.动名词作定语，仅表被修饰的名词的用途，解释为“供给.之用”;现在分词说明的是被修饰的名词执行现在分词所表示的这个动作,可用相应的定语从句换.,=who are walking towards us,5. 作宾语补足语,V-ing形式可以放在某些动词如see,hear,notice,keep,find,get, have,feel等词后作宾语补足语.,e.g. Suddenly I heard someone knocking gently on the door. Im sorry to have kept you waiting so long.,6. 作状语(现在分词),V-ing 形式作状语,可表时间、原因、方式、结果、条件、让步、伴随或陪衬等含义,相当于一个对应的状语从句所表达的意思.,Walking in the street, I came across an old friend. = When I was walking in the street, I came across an old friend.,Being ill, he didnt go to school. =As he was ill, he didnt go to school.,Laughing and talking, they went into the classroom. （方式）,If you use your head, you will find a way.,Though weighing almost one hundred jin, the box was lifted by him with one hand.,We were sitting by the window,talking about what happened yesterday.(伴随）,1.当v-ing形式作状语时，若它所表示的动作发生在谓语动作之前，需用having done 2. v-ing形式作状语时，其逻辑主语必须和主语保持一致；否则必须带有自己的逻辑主语,=Using your head, you will find a way.,= Though it weighes ,e.g._a reply, he decided to write a sixth letter. A. Not receiving B. Not to receive C. Not having received D. Having not received,e.g. Having finished my homework,I went to watchTV.,C,没收信的动作发生在决定写信这一动作之前所以应该用having done ;此题又是表否定含义，分词的否定式为not doing/not having done; 故选 c,-ing 形式,-ing 形式主要考查其在句子中作定语和状语的用法,A,He rushed to the train station, only _ the train had gone.,A. finding B. found C. finds D. to find,D,非谓语动词之间的对比,1动词不定式和动名词作主语比较,动名词作主语表示一般或抽象的多次性动作，不定式作主语表示具体的或一次性的动作，特别是将来的动作。例如： _ is a good form of exercise for both young and old（MET 1992） AThe walk BWalking CTo walk DWalk,B,2.动词不定式、动名词、分词作表语比较,1）不定式和动名词作表语的区别同作主语一样。动名词表示一般或抽象的多次性动作，不定式表示具体的或一次性的动作，特别是将来的动作 His job is building houses Our task now is to increase food production,（2）动词不定式和动名词作表语说明主语的内容，现在分词作表语表示主语所具有的特征，过去分词作表语表示主语所处的状态。 The real problem is getting to know the needs of the customers The most important thing is to put theory into practice He is interested in English. The purpose of new technologies is to make life easier，_ it more difficult（NMET 1999） Anot make Bnot to make Cnot making Ddo not make,B,3动词不定式和动名词作宾语比较 （1）有些动词后只跟不定式作宾语，如：want，wish，hope，manage，demand，promise，refuse，pretend，plan， offer，decide，agree，expect等。 We agreed _ here，but so far she hasnt turned up yet（NMET 1995） Ahaving met Bmeeting Cto meet Dto have met,C,（2）有些动词后只跟动名词作宾语， The squirrel was so lucky that it just missed_ （MET 1987） Acatching Bto be caught Cbeing caught Dto catch I would appreciate_ back this afternoon（MET 1992） Ayou to call Byou call Cyou calling Dyoure calling,C,C,（4）有些动词后既可以跟不定式，又可以跟动 名词，但意义上有区别，,The light in the office is still on Oh，I forgot _ （MET 1991） Aturning it off Bturn it off Cto turn it off Dhaving turned it off You were brave enough to raise objections at the meeting Well，now I regret _ that（NMET 1995） Ato do Bto be doing Cto have done Dhaving done,C,D,4、动词不定式、分词作宾语补足语和 主语补足语比较,（1）有些动词后只跟不定式作宾语补足语或主语补足语，如：ask，tell，order，want，wish，warn， allow，advise，permit，forbid等。 The patient was warned _ oily food after the operation（NMET 1996） Ato eat not Beating not Cnot to eat Dnot eating,C,（2）有些动词后既可以跟不定式，又可以跟分词作宾语补足语或主语补足语，但意义不同，如：see，watch，notice，observe，hear，feel，have， make等，且不定式不带to，但在被动结构中必须带to。不定式指动作的全过程；现在分词指正在进行的动作的一部分，且表主动意义；过去分词指已经完成的动作，且表被动意义。 We heard her sing this song before we went in.我们听她唱完这首歌才进去。 We heard her singing this song when we got there.我们到达时，听见她在唱这首歌。 We often hear this song sung by her.我们经常听见她唱这首歌。(歌是被唱),5不定式、动名词、分词作定语比较,1）不定式作定语表示“将要”，现在分词表示“正在”或主动，过去分词表示“已经”。 The Olympic Games，_in 776 BC，did not include women players until1912（NMET 1997） Afirst playing Bto be first played Cfirst played Dto be first playing,c,2）动名词作定语表示被修饰名词的用途，现在分词作定语表示被修饰名词的动作。 a swimming pool动名词作定语， a swimming fish现在分词作定语。,6.动词不定式作状语修饰动词、形容词， 表示原因、目的和结果，分词作状语修饰 动词和句子，表示时间、原因、条件、方式、 伴随和结果。,_late in the morning，Bob turned off the alarm（NMET 2001） ATo sleep BSleeping CSleep DHaving slept,A,_such heavy pollution already，it may now be too late to clean up the river（NMET 2000） AHaving suffered BSuffering CTo suffer DSuffered _more attention，the trees could have grown better（MET 1990） AGiven BTo give CGiving DHaving given,A,A,分词做定语的位置及其它 “定分”位置有二条，词前词后定分晓。 单个分词在词前，有时此规有颠倒。 分词短语在词后，“定从”和它互对照。 “现分”动作进行时，“过分”动作完成了。 注：“定分”：做定语的分词；“定从”：定语从句；“现分”：现在分词；“过分”：过去分词。） 分词做状语在句子中所表示的意义 分词做状语，概有七意义。“ 时间”和“原因”，“结果”与“目的”。 “方式”加“伴随”，“条件”常出席。 且谈其主语，谓语头前的*。（*指句子的主语）,非谓语动词巩固练习,用动词的适当形式填空： He never expected the professors lecture was so _ (bore). _ (disappoint) at the results, she didnt say a word. The trousers are much _ (wear). Why not change a new pair? Look, the trees are _ (fall). There must _ (be ) a strong wind last night. I noticed a _ (puzzle) expression on her face. The question _ (raise ) by the student beat the teacher.,boring,Disappointed,worn,fallen,have been,puzzling,raised,7. Make sentences, _ (use) the phrases _ (give) below. 8.The child painted a _ (rise) sun and some _ (fly) birds. 9. I felt a great weight _ (take ) off my mind. 10.Fred found many cars and trucks _ (park) outside his shop. 11.The man lay on his back, with his whole body _ ( bury ) in the sand. 12. His question set all of us _ (think) . 13. Ill have the message _(send ) to the headquarters,using,given,rising/risen,flying,taken,parked,buried,thinking,sent,14._ (try) to make himself _ (hear), he shouted at the top of his voice. 15. He didnt wanted his family history _ (mention) at the meeting. 16.I wont have that sort of thing _ (happen). 17._ (cook) in the kitchen, I heard my name _ (call). 18. _ (work) with Tom , youll come to like him. 19._ (not be) in the city long, I was still a stranger there. 20. _ (arrive) at the hotel, he found the guests had left.,Trying,heard,mentioned,happening,Cooking,called,Working,Not having been,Arriving,21.This is a theory _ (accept) by most of the people here. 22. _ (hit ) by a bullet, the soldier fell from the _ (run) horse. 23._ (leave ) in charge of the hotel, he did better than anyone else. 24. _ (cook) in wine, the meat will taste better. 25. _ (warn ) several times, they became more careful in doing the job. 26.Many people _ (be) absent, the meeting had to be cancelled. 27. There _ (be) no bus, I had no choice but _ (wait).,accepted,Hit,running,Left,Cooked,Having been warned,being,being,to wait,28.The bookcase is full of books _ (write) for high school students. 29. _ (guide) by the fisherman, we rowed the boat to the shore. 30.People _ (live) comfortably in the towns hardly feel the pleasure of living in the country. 31.Modern zoos are different from zoos _ (build) fifty years ago. 32. He sat there, _ (watch ) the children at play and _ (listen) to the old men talking.,written,Guided,living,built,watching,listening,用括号内动词的 适当形式填空： Its difficult for foreigners to get used to _ (eat) with chopsticks. They dont allow _ (smoke). He warned her _ (not touch) to wire. I cant imagine _ (live) with somebody who never stops _ (talk). Is there anything worth _ (buy)? You are expected _ (know) the laws of your own country. Im prepared _ (wait) here all night if necessary.,eating,smoking,not to touch,living,talking,buying,to know,to wait,8.I cant understand her _ (behave) like that. 9.It is silly _ (risk, get) your feet wet. 10. I feel like _ (ski) through the forest. 11. He is devoted to _ (set ) up more schools for poor children. 12. I dont mind _ (the children, play ) in the garden, but I cant have them _ (walk) over my flowers. 13. I hate _ (look ) at when I am doing lessons. 14.The boy was afraid of _ (leave) alone in the room at night.,behaving,to risk getting,skiing,setting,the children(s) playing,walking,being looked,being left,15.Something has been done to prevent workers from _ ( injure) when they are working. 16. I cant understand _ (they, forbid) to go to the meeting. 17.He couldnt stand _ (make) fun of when his wife was present. 18.This novel is not worthy of _ (make) into a film. 19.The patient insisted on _ (operate) on even if there is little hope of success. 20.The robber was sentenced to death for_ (rob) the bank.,being injured,their/them being forbidden,being made,being made,being operated,having robbed,21.I cant remember _ (anyone, ever, write) about the subject. 22. He regretted _ (make) the decision too hastily. 23. Mother was angry at _ (he, tell) a lie. 24.Dont leave. The baby wants _ (watch). The nurse wants _ (watch) the babys behaviors when there are no adults nearby. 25.If you cant open the door by turning the key in this way, try_ (turn) the key another way. He tried _ (turn) the key only to find it got stuck in the lock.,anyone(s) having ever written,making/having made,his/him telling,watching,to watch,turning,to turn,26.Id prefer _ (go) by train tonight as there is no flight because of the fog. 27.Mrs. Frost was worried. I regretted _ (tell) her that her son was in the police station. I regret_ (tell) you that your son is in the police station. 28.Cant you remember _ (take) us to the circus last month? You must remember _ (tell) them my new address.,to go,telling,to tell,taking,to tell,29. He forgot _ (post) the letter his wife asked him to. He didnt feel in the pockets. Hed quite forgotten _ (put) the key there. 30.My suggestion couldnt help_ (improve) their service. I couldnt help_ (make) apologies when I realized I had caused him a lot of trouble. 31. He walked quietly, afraid of _ (frighten) the snake. Thinking he would be fired, he was afraid _ (see) his boss.,to post,putting,improve,making,frightening,to see,32.Obeying means_ (do) what one is told to do. He meant _ (train) the boy to be a good swimmer. 33.She loved _ (act) than anything else. Shed love _ (act) a part in the short play. 34.Does your suit need _ (iron)? He needs _ (practise) typing at least two hours a day.,doing,to train,acting,to act,ironing,to practise,用括号内动词的 适当形式填空： 1.It is easy _ (be) wise after the event. 2.Im sorry _ (disappoint) you but I cant let you_ (know) the result of the exam until the end of the week. 3._ (complete) that book in three months was a great achievement. 4.I saw him _ (run) the mile in four minutes. 5.He made me _ (tell) him the whole story. He was made _ (tell) the whole story. 6.The boy was seen _ (take) the money.,to be,to disappoint,know,To complete,run,tell,to tell,to take,7. _ (tell) you the truth, I dont know what the answer is. 8.Hes working late _ (make) up for his absence yesterday. 9._ (learn) about English is one thing; _ (know) English is quite another. 10.Why didnt you try_ (persuade) him _ (come) with us? 11.We dont want anybody _ (know) that we are here. 12.I could do nothing but _ (pretend) that I didnt know.,To tell,to make,To learn,to know,to persuade,to come,to know,pretend,13.We cannot but _ (do) as he tells us. 14.Can I help_ (carry) that heavy box? 15.He rarely left the house except_ (attend) a party. 16.Why dont you get your wife _ (explain) it to you? 17. He decided to telephone rather than _ (write). 18.Why not _ (wear) that hat to the ball? 19.The man was let _ (go). 20.All you have to do is _ (keep) all the results. 21.I noticed Diana _ (talk) with David for a while. 22.He is known _(get) angry easily.,do,(to) carry,to attend,to explain,write,wear,(to) go,(to) keep,talk,to get,23.Hook was looking for someone _ (help) him. 24.I advised him _ (ask) the conductor where _ (get) off. 25.I had meant _(tell) you the truth but I was too frightened. 26. We might as well _ (go) without her. 27.He knows better than _ (do) such a silly thing. 28.We have no choice but _ (accept) the fact. 29.Try _ (knock) at the door once more. 30. This medicine will help you _ (sleep).,to help,to ask,to get,to tell,go,to do,to accept,knocking,to sleep,31.The questions _ (answer) are on page 30. 32.The theory of relativity is hard _ (understand). 33.As we seem _ (miss) the train today, we may as well go back to the hotel. 34.The palace is said _ (build) already. 35.There are always one or two problems _ (think) about. 36.He got to the station only _ (tell) that the train had left.,to be answered,to understand,to have missed,to have been built,to think,to be told,37. He stood outside so as _ (not disturb) me. 38.We thought it wrong for her _ (punish). 39.The Olympic Games _ (hold) in Athens in 2004 will be exciting. 40.Be quiet. They appear _ (have) an English lesson. 41.I want my typewriter _ (fix) right now. 42. Those goods are believed _ (ship) to the countryside the day after tomorrow. 43.Sorry _ (not give) you much help.,not to disturb,to be punished,to be held,to be having,to be fixed,to be shipped,not to have given,