2019-2020年高三第一次调研考试理综物理试题 含解析.doc

2019-2020年高三第一次调研考试理综物理试题 含解析xx. 01本试卷分选择题和非选择题两部分。满分135分，考试用时120分钟。 注意事项：1. 答卷前，考生务必用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔将自己的市（县）/区.、学校、班级、 姓名、准考证号、试室号和座位号填写在答卡的密封线内。2. 选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔将答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑；如需 改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案；不能答在试题卷上。3. 非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔毕签字笔作答，答案必须写在另发的答题卷各题 目指定区域内的相应位置上；如改动，先划掉原来的答案,然后再写上新的答 案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。4. 考生必须保持答题卡的整洁。考试结束后，请将答题卷和答题卡一并交回。 I 语言知识及应用（共两节，满分45分）第一节完形填空(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从115各题所给的A、B、C和D项中， 选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。It was a terrible night for Lubeck and lightning flashed through the darkness over his bedroom. Before the 80-year-old 1 _ worker could count one thousand one, he was shaken by a blast of thunder. It was 11 p.m. The storm had moved 2 _ over his two-story wood home. Then he heard the smoke 3 _ ringing. Lubeck rushed 4 _ barefoot to investigate. The flames from a fire, most likely caused by lightning, exploded out. Lubeck fled back upstairs to call 911. But the phone didnt 5 _. and when Lubeck tried to go down outsides, he was stopped by a wall of flames.Lubeck realized he was 6 _ . His young granddaughters, who lived with him, were 7 _ for the night. His house was three miles off the main road and so well hidden by pines that Lubeck knew calling for help would be 8 .Up a hill about a third of a mile away lived Lubecks 9 _ neighbors, Wentworth and his wife. When it occurred to him that the sound was more like a smoke detector, Wentworth jumped out of bed, grabbed a wireless phone and a flashlight, and 10 _ down the hillside toward the noise.Wentworth called out，Is anyone there? as he 11 _ the house. Then he heard, Help me! Im trapped! ing from Lubecks balcony(阳台).Inside the house, windows broke up all around him. After one more 12 _ inside the house,he gave up and there was no 13 _ to get to him. Suddenly, he noticed a ladder. He dragged it over to the balcony and pulled Lubeck down just as the second floor of the house collapsed. Within the year, Lubeck and his family 14 _ the house at the site of the fire. Wentworth and Lubeck dont run into each other 15 _ , but Lubeck now knows that if he ever needs help, Wentworth will be there.1. A excitedBtiredCretiredD .relaxed2. A directlyBslightlyC-slowlyD smoothly3. A packet BalarmCboxD chimney4. A forwardsBupstairsCtowardsD downstairs5. A workBuseCcallD make6. A rescuedBshockedCbeatenD trapped7. A presentBawayCaliveD active 8. A helpfulBcarelessCfruitlessD regretful9. A farthestBclosestCkindestD deepest10. A headedBhandedCescapedD landed11. A gotBarrivedCapproachedD walked12. A thoughtBexperimentCchanceD attempt13. A keyBideaCway D doubt14. A remindedBrebuiltCrepeated D recalled15. A rarelyBoccasionallyCmonly D regularly1. 【答案】C【解析】根据常识80岁的工人当然应该是退休了，故选C。2. 【答案】A【解析】根据上文可知暴风很大，竟然影响了两层的房子的牢固。暴风能够直接影响两层的木屋，故选A。3. 【答案】B【解析】然后就听到警报在响，故选B。4. 【答案】D【解析】根据上文可知这是两层的房子，所以Lubeck光脚跑下楼，故选D。5. 【答案】A【解析】他又跑到楼上打电话，可是电话打不通，故选A。6. 【答案】D【解析】根据上文he was stopped by a wall of flames. Lubeck意识到他被困住了。7. 【答案】B【解析】根据救出的只有Lubeck所以推知他的孙女平常和他住在一起，而那天晚上没有和他在一起，故选B。8. 【答案】C【解析】fruitless不成功的；他的房子离大路3英里远，又被松树所包围所以Lubeck知道求助无果，故选C。9. 【答案】B【解析】Lubeck最近的邻居住在山上1/3英里的地方，故选B。10. 【答案】A【解析】head出发；hand传递；escape逃离；land着陆。Wentworth从床上跳下来，抓起无线电话，拿起手电，向山下有声音的地方出发。11. 【答案】C【解析】get to+名词；arrive at+名词；walk to+名词；故排除ABD；walk to+名词；当他接近房子的时候，他听到喊“救命”，故选C。12. 【答案】D【解析】根据he gave up所以在试了多次想进去屋里，但是他最后放弃了，故选D。13. 【答案】C【解析】他没有办法接近Lubeck，故选C。14. 【答案】B【解析】根据上文可知房子被烧毁了，所以在一年内Lubeck和他的家人又重新改了房子，故选B。15. 【答案】D【解析】Wentworth和Lubeck虽然不经常见面，但是Lubeck知道如果他需要帮助，他会来的。故选D。第二节语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填 入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空，并将答案填写在答题卡标 号为1625的相应位置上。While many young people were enjoying the final weeks of summer vacation, Zach Bonner was working his hardest. According to 16 _ St. Petersburg Times, Zach started walking from Valrico, Florida, his hometown, on Christmas,xx, and stepped over the Los Angeles city line nine months later in September, racking up a total of 2,478 miles 17 _ raising close to $120,000 for kids in need. Along the way, Zach attended school online, thanks to his mother, Laurie Bonner, and brother and sister. 18 _ alternated walking and driving alongside him. Despite 19 _ age, Zach has a long history of helping others. 20 _ Hurricane Charley hit town in xx，Zach，then six, pulled a wagon through his neighborhood collecting food for storm victims. Since then, he 21 _ (raise) some $400,000 for his tax-exempt Little Red Wagon Foundation, which gives money to projects aiding 22 _ (home) and troubled children. In xx，Zach began walking to support a childrens charity in Florida, 23 (finish) his journey 23 _ days later, 280miles away in Tallahassee. Then 24 _ the summer of xx，he walked about 670 miles from Atlanta to Washington, D.C., in just two months. 25 _ really keeps me going is these kids, Zach has said. They dont get to say, Im tired of being homeless. So why should I get to quit?II阅读（共两节，满分50分)第一节阅读理解(共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在 答题卡上将该项涂黑。AIt was one of the hottest days of the dry season. We had not seen rain in almost a month. The crops were dying. Cows had stopped giving milk. The streams were long gone back into the earth. If we didnt see some rain soon we would lose everything.I was in the kitchen making lunch for my husband and his brothers when I saw my six-year old son, Billy, walking toward the woods. He was obviously walking with a great effort. trying to be as still as possible. Minutes after he disappeared into the woods, he came running out again, toward the house.Moments later, however, he was once again walking in that slow purposeful long step toward the woods. This activity went on for over an hour: walking cautiously to the woods, then running back to the house. Finally, my curiosity got the best of me. I crept out of the house and followed him on his journey.He was cupping both hands in front of him as he walked; being very careful not to spill the water he held in them. Branches and thorns slapped his little face but he did not try to avoid them. He had a much greater purpose. As I leaned in to spy on him, I saw the most amazing site.Several large deer appeared threatening in front of him. But Billy walked right up to them. I almost screamed for him to get away. And I saw a baby deer lying on the ground, obviously suffering from heavy loss of water and heat exhaustion, lift its head with great effort to lap up the water cupped in my beautiful boys hand.I stood on the edge of the woods watching the most beautiful heart I have ever known working so hard to save a life. As the tears that.rolled down my face began to hit the ground, they were suddenly joined by other drops. and more drops. and more. I looked up at the sky. It was as if God, Himself, was weeping with pride. 26. Why did the author follow her son?A.Because there might be danger.B.Because her son was doing a good deed.C.Because she was curious.D.Because she intended to help.【答案】C【解析】细节理解题。根据my curiosity got the best of me.好奇心促使作者要跟踪儿子。27. Which of the following statements is Not True according to the passage?A. Rain was in great need.B. There were few trees in the woods.C. Billy carried water with his small hands.D. Billy walked into the woods and then returned over and over again.【答案】B【解析】推理判断题。根据Minutes after he disappeared into the woods,如果只剩几个棵树的话，作者就不用跟着儿子进入树林站在远处就能看见，故选B。28. What Billy did mainly showed that he was _.A. Caring B. Beautiful C. Childlike D. Brave【答案】A【解析】细节理解题。根据I stood on the edge of the woods watching the most beautiful heart I have ever known working so hard to save a life.儿子在天旱的时候去挽救小鹿的生命，可见儿子有爱心，故选A。29. Which is the correct order of the development of the story?The author was moved to tears. Billy fed the water to the baby deer. Billy walked towards the large deer.It began to rainThe author followed Billy into the woods.A. B： C. D. 【答案】C【解析】细节理解题。根据全文的内容可知应选C。30. At the end of the story, the author might experience different feelings Except that _A. Billy was a pride.B. God was touched by Billys activity.C. it was worthwhile to have given birth to Billy.D. the rain should have dropped earlier.【答案】D【解析】推理判断题。根据文中描述的作者的心情来看，作者以自己有这样的儿子而骄傲，同时也为儿子所做的事情而感动，但是作者知道下雨是人们不能左右的，故选D。BSurviving the boredom of a school day can be bad enough, but when you have to worry about school gangs as well its enough to make any student want to stay at home and under the covers! Unfortunately, gang culture can be found in many British schools, and it brings with it negative, and dangerous, side effects. The presence of weapons at or near school, the appearance of graffiti on buildings and lockers, and pressure to blow off school work and exams all follow where the gangs lead. None of these things contribute to a good education, but for school gangs thats exactly the point - school is for being popular and having fun, not learning anything or preparing for the future. Keep these tips in mind and say goodbye to school gangs.Know your own mind. Often it is those with low self-esteem and a poor self-image who bee victims of school gangs. These students dont know their own mind or have a clear picture of what they would like to do in the future, so it is easy to be influenced by those who dont want to do any work today.Keep yourself busy. School gangs often hang around at or near schools with no real reason. Students who have nothing scheduled can easily be sucked into these groups, but if you are busy, busy, busy and always on the move there will be less chance that youll have the time to stay and play.Choose your friends wisely. With a core group of like-minded friends, it is much easier to stay away from school gangs because you simply dont need them. Remember that gangs are a source of power for members, but they can also be a source of intimidation.Work hard and have fun. No one likes a teachers pet, but school gangs in particular hate them. Work hard and have fun at school, but dont annoy anyone with extreme goody-two-shoes (伪君子） behaviour . School gangs can be a nightmare if you must deal with them constantly. Stay away from gang hangouts and gang members, and dont involve yourself in any gang related activities.31. For the school gangs, school is _.A. where they are instructed to behave themselves.B. a good place to prepare for the future.C. where they win popularity and enjoy themselves.D. a place that contributes to a good education.【答案】C【解析】细节理解题。根据school gangs thats exactly the point - school is for being popular and having fun故选C。32. From the authors opinion, gangs lead to the following problems in schools Except _ .A. The presence of weaponsB. the appearance of robberyC. pressure to blow off school work and examD. students scare【答案】B【解析】细节理解题。根据The presence of weapons at or near school, the appearance of graffiti on buildings and lockers, and pressure to blow off school work and exams all follow where the gangs lead. they can also be a source of intimidation故选B。33. Which statement is Not True according to the passage?A. school gangs are harmful to educationB. students lacking enough intelligence often follow school gangsC. school gangs often wander around schools aimlesslyD. school gangs will provide their member with so-called power【答案】B【解析】细节理解题。根据None of these things contribute to a good education选项A符合原文；根据School gangs often hang around at or near schools with no real reason. 选项C符合原文；根据gangs are a source of power for members, 选项D符合原文，故选B。34. What can be inferred from the passage?A. Those who focus on study are more likely to stay away from school gangs.B. Whoever knows what he will do in the future can be influenced by school gangs.C. Having a lot to do, you have no chance of getting in touch with school gangs.D. Without good friends, you are sure to end up with school gangs.【答案】A【解析】推理判断题。根据if you are busy, busy, busy and always on the move there will be less chance that youll have the time to stay and play.可推出如果你只顾学习就没有时间去顾及参加帮派，故选A。35. In writing this passage, the author mainly intends to _ .A. tell us how gangs influence our educationB. show his sympathy to the students hurt by gangsC. arouse the concern about the safety of studentsD. give suggestions on dealing with gangs problems【答案】D【解析】写作意图题。根据School gangs can be a nightmare if you must deal with them constantly. Stay away from gang hangouts and gang members, and dont involve yourself in any gang related activities.给出了一些建议，故选D。CEngineering students are supposed to be examples of practicality and rationality (理性)，but when it es to my college education I am an idealist and a fool. In high school I wanted to be an electrical engineer and, of course, any reasonable student with my aims would have chosen a college with a large engineering department, many famous professors and lots of good labs and research equipment. But thats not what I did.I chose to study engineering in a small liberal-arts (文科）university that doesnt even offer a major in electrical engineering. Obviously, this was not a practical choice; I came here for more noble reasons. I wanted a broad education that would provide me with flexibility and a value system to guide me in my job. I wanted to open my eyes and expand my vision by municating with people who werent studying science or engineering. My parents, teachers and other adults praised me for such a wise choice. They told me I was wise and grown-up beyond my 18 years, and I believed them.I headed off to the college and sure I was going to have an advantage over those students who went to big engineering factories where they didnt care if you had values or were flexible. I was going to be a plete engineer: technical expert and excellent humanist all in one.Now Im not so sure. Somewhere along the way my noble ideas crashed into reality, as all noble ideas finally do. After three years of struggling to balance math, physics and engineering courses with liberal-arts courses, I have learned there are reasons why few engineering students try to reconcile engineering with liberal-arts courses in college.The reality that has blocked my path to bee the typical successful student is that engineering and the liberal arts simply dont mix as easily as I supposed in high school. Individually they shape a person in very different ways. The struggle to reconcile the two fields of study is difficult.36. At present, the writer is studying _.A. Engineering at a college with a large engineering department.B. Engineering in a small liberal-arts university.C. Literature in a liberal-arts university.D. municating and technology.【答案】B【解析】细节理解题。根据I chose to study engineering in a small liberal-arts (文科）university故选B。37. Why did the writer choose his major in a different way from ordinary students?A. because he wanted to be an electrical engineer in high school.B. Because he didnt like studying in labs.C. Because he intended to turn out a technical expert.D. Because he expected to get improved more iii humanities.【答案】D【解析】细节理解题。根据I wanted a broad education that would provide me with flexibility and a value system to guide me in my job. I wanted to open my eyes and expand my vision by municating with people who werent studying science or engineering.故选D。38. What can be inferred from the underlined sentence in Paragraph 4?A. No noble idea can be out of touch with reality eventually.B. The writers noble ideas are practical.C. Noble ideas have nothing to do with reality.D. The writer considered his noble ideas as valuable as others.【答案】A【解析】推理判断题。根据没有想法能够脱离现实，故选A。39. What problem has the writer found in his study at college? A. He cant get used to the engineer factory.B.Math, physics and engineering courses are too difficult to learn.C.Its hard to bine engineering with the literal arts.D.He has made no progress in the literal arts.【答案】C【解析】细节理解题。根据engineering and the liberal arts simply dont mix as easily as I supposed in high school.是很难的把工程与文学艺术结合，故选C。40.How has the writer felt about his choice?A.He felt proud at the beginning but a bit doubtful at present.B.He has been feeling positive all the time.C.He has decided to give up.D.He shares the same opinion with his parents and teachers.【答案】A【解析】细节理解题。根据My parents, teachers and other adults praised me for such a wise choice. They told me I was wise and grown-up beyond my 18 years, and I believed them.和engineering and the liberal arts simply dont mix as easily as I supposed in high school.故选A。DWhen it es to making a good career in the business world, being honest and getting along well with colleagues gives a person a solid petitive advantage, claims a new research.Dr.jon Bohlmann has found that project managers can expect better performance by far from the members of their team if treating them with honesty, kindness, and respect. According to another study , the Gross-functional product development teams, can achieve a great quality and better cost benefits from socializing and interacting with individuals who work for their suppliers.The first, Dr. Bohlmanns study analyzed cross-functional product development teams, which bine together engineers, researchers and business personnel. The point to involve people with various backgrounds was to show that there was a focus on finance, marketing, and also on a design and functionality, right from the start of the product-development process. In addition to all this, this diversity also helped to make munication more effective in order to ensure that all members of the team were socializing and cooperating, and not just working at cross-purposes.As a result, it indicated that interactional fairness awareness indeed had an effect on a cross-functional munication. In other words, all the team members who thought that they had been treated well and respected, showed a great increase in their mitment to the success of the project they had been working on in cooperation with other team members, and, in particular, when they realized their project manager or supervisor to be a kind, nice and honest guy.According to Dr. Bohlmann, the increase in such mitment is very essential and important because it could improve performance that would result in the achievement of team goals. And if Bohlmanns study es to the conclusion that nice and honest guys are the first to finish, the second research by Dr. Rob Handfleld shows us that cooperating and socializing well with others can give a team, and even a pany an edge, when it es to product development.41.According to the passage, being a successful project manager, you should havethe following qualities except _.A. honesty B. kindness C. desire for power D. respect【答案】C【解析】细节理解题。根据if treating them with honesty, kindness, and respect.故选C。42. What does the underlined word they refer to in Paragraph 4?A. managers B. team members C. colleagues D. researchers 【答案】B【解析】词义猜测题。根据all the team members who thought故选B。43 What effect can the mitment mentioned by Dr. Bohlmann have on our work?A.ensuring great quality of productB.giving a team, and even a pany an edgeC.making munication effectiveD.helping us perform better【答案】D【解析】细节理解题。根据because it could improve performance故选D。44.What will the author most possibly write in the next paragraph?A.Dr. Rob HandfielcTs study.B.Dr. Jon Bohlmanns new findings.C.The importance of c