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第一讲,名词,名词,专有名词：Beijing、China、July、the Sun,普通名词： apple, pen, doctor,（指一般的人，事物等）,人名、地名、事物、机构、国家等，首字母要大写。,定义：指人或事物的名称的词,普通名词,可数名词,不可数名词,：能够以数计算的事物的名词,：不能以数计算的名词,（milk, water, rice）,（pen, student, desk）,apple,apples,book,books,girl,girls,bus,buses,box,boxes,watch,watches,dish,dishes,试一试,beach brush class peach fox,- beaches,- brushes,- classes,- peaches,- foxes,baby,babies,cherry,cherries,monkey,monkeys,boy,boys,试一试,library city day toy butterfly,- libraries,- cities,-days,- toys,- butterflies,wolf,wolves,knife,knives,巧记以f或fe结尾的名称,树叶半数自己黄 妻子拿刀去割粮 架后窜出一只狼 就像盗贼逃命亡,leaf half self wife knife shelf wolf thief life,tomatoes,potatoes,以O结尾事真多,英雄喜欢吃西红柿、土豆和芒果,heroes,tomatoes,potatoes,mangoes,名词的复数(规则变化）,1. 一般情况词尾+ s 2. 以s, x，ch ，sh 结尾的+es 3. 以辅音+y结尾的，把y改成i+es 但是元音+y结尾的，直接+s 4. 以f，fe 结尾的把f，fe改为v ，再加es 5. 以 o 结尾的部分名词，加 es,1,2,3,6,5,4,不规则变化,child-,NOUN.,children,man-,men,goose-,geese,foot -,feet,mouse -,mice,1.单复数同形的名词： 羊，鱼, 鹿 sheep fish deer 2. 只有复数形式 trousers pants glasses,可数名词的单数变复数（不规则变化）,3.单复数不同形（特殊名词的变化）： 1)改变中间元音 footfeet toothteeth goosegeese manmen womanwomen mouse-mice 2)词尾加-en或-ren childchildren oxoxen,有的单词虽然是s 结尾，但是是不可数名词 news （新闻） physics（ 物理） maths （数学） politics （政治） e.g. Maths is a useful language .,合成词的复数,lemon tree,toy shop,computer game,lemon trees,toy shops,computer games,将主体词变为复数,man doctor,men doctors,woman teacher,women teachers,Chinese,Japanese,Englishman,Frenchman,American,German,国人复数不难记,中日人民一致的， 英法联军a改e， 其他国人加s, 重点提防德国人。,Chinese,Englishman,American,Chinese,Englishmen,Americans,Japanese,Frenchman,German,Japanese,Frenchmen,Germans,名词单数变复数的发音规则,Hey! Welcome to my house!,sheep,How many sheep are there in your family?,There are seven sheep.,How many mice are there in your family?,mouse,There are six mice.,goose,How many geese are there in your family?,There are ten geese.,练 一 练,看一看这些知识你都会了吗？,I have two _and _. A. leg , feet B. legs , foots C. legs , feet How many _ are there in the city ? A. factories B. factorys C.factoris D. factory 3. You must clean your _ every day. A. tooth B. teeth C. tooths D. teeths,( ) 4. Some _ came to our school for a visit that day. A. Germans B. Germen C. Germany D. Germanies ( ) 5. In the picture there are many_ and two_. A. sheeps; foxes B. sheeps; foxes C. sheep; foxes D. sheep;foxs,根据所给单词的正确形式填空： 1. Different people may have different _. (idea) 2. I often go to work on . (foot) 3. I know one of the . (boy) 4. Mr. Brown is wearing a pair of . (glass) 5. Please give them their . (photo) 6. Are there any in the box? (watch) 7. There are twelve in a year. (month),ideas,foot,boys,glasses,photos,watches,months,NOUN.,
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