2019-2020年高中英语Unit4Globalwarming练习试题新人教版选修.doc

2019-2020年高中英语Unit4Globalwarming练习试题新人教版选修【导语】全球气温变暖给南极的企鹅带来了怎样的影响，你知道吗？为了保护他们，我们应该怎么做？Antarctica, the coldest place on Earth, is too cold for most humans.Its a different story for penguins，though.Several types of penguins make their home in Antarctica.The birds walk with short steps all over the icy continent.However，they dont all have “happy feet”Some of Antarcticas penguins are endangered.The animals, hunt for food in waters off Antarcticas coasts.They use floating sea ice as a place to rest while they search.In recent years, global warming, the slow rise of Earths temperature, has been causing the ice to melt.“Global warming is reducing the amount of food for penguins so that they cant find enough to eat, ”scientist Shaye Wolf said.Turning up the heatHumans may be directly responsible for the continents temperature changes, according to a new study in the journal Nature Geoscience.Temperatures in Antarctica usually do not go above freezing, or 32 degrees Fahrenheit.But lately the weather has been heating up.People add to global warming when they drive cars or use electricity.That burns fossil fuels, such as coal，oil，and natural gas.The burning of fossil fuels gives off gases that warm Earth.The harmful gases stay in the atmosphere above Antarctica, researchers say.They found that the west side of the continent is especially affected by global warming.Scientists are concerned about the possibility that Antarcticas ice may melt more over time.The icy continent is about 5 million square miles.It is covered by glaciers and an ice cap (冰冠) about 7，100 feet thick.If the ice melts, that could cause sea levels to rise around the world.Higher sea levels could lead to dangerous flooding in some countries.Cool fix for AntarcticaExperts are hopeful that conditions in Antarctica can be improved.They say people can reduce global warming by using cars and electricity less often.Even kids can help.Wolf suggests，“Talk to your friends and family about global warming, how it is harming penguins, and how important it is to stop global warming today.”【词海拾贝】1Antarctica n南极洲2penguin n企鹅3fossil n化石；生物4glacier n冰河；冰川【问题思考】1Why cant penguins find enough food to eat?_答案：Because global warming is reducing the amount of food for them.2Who may be directly responsible for global warming?_答案：Humans.将单词与其正确释义连线1consumeA图表；曲线图2graph B现象3phenomenon C燃料4fuel D平均的5trend E趋势；倾向6mild F温和的；温柔的7consequence G环境；情况8circumstance H贡献9average I消费；消耗10contribution J结果答案：1I2A3B4C5E6F7J8G9D10H.根据所给汉语提示写出单词1_ n洪水；水灾2_ vt.反对；反抗3_ adj.平稳的；持续的4_ adj.分布广的；普遍的5_ vt.拥护；提倡，主张6_ n污染；弄脏答案：1.flood2.oppose3.steady4.widespread5advocate6.pollution.根据英语释义写出单词1_： a quick look2_：an amount or a number of sth3_：to pay money regularly to support a charity4_：to express something in speech or writing， especially in a definite or formal way5_：happening or chosen without any definite plan，aim or pattern6_：to take a particular direction7_：a sudden event resulting in great loss and misfortune8_：the limits between which sth varies；a set of products of a particular type答案：1.glance2.quantity3.subscribe4.state5random6.tend7.catastrophe8.range.选用短语的适当形式完成句子keep on；be opposed to；e about；result in；subscribe to；go up；quantities of；even if1There are large _ rain in this area.答案：quantities of2Do you know how global warming _?答案：es about3I have never _ the view that schooldays are the happiest days of your life.答案：subscribed to4If you want to make the kite _， pull the string hard，and then release it slowly.答案：go up5His careless speech _ much argument.答案：resulted in6We _ the practice of power politics between nations.答案：are opposed to.领会句子所用的句型并译成汉语1That probably does not seem much to you or me，but it is a rapid increase when_pared_to other natural changes._答案：这个数值对你我来说可能是无所谓的，但是跟其他自然变化相比较而言，这却是一种快速的增长。2There_is_no_doubt_that the earth is being warmer (see Graph 1)and that it is human activity that has caused this global warming rather than a random but natural phenomenon._答案：毫无疑问，地球是在变暖(见表一)，而地球变暖正是人类活动导致的，并非是一种无规律的自然现象。3Without the “greenhouse effect”，the earth would_be about thirtythree degrees Celsius cooler than it is._答案：如果没有“温室效应”，地球温度将比现在低大约33摄氏度。课文表层理解.判断正(T)误(F)1The temperature in the last century did not seem to increase much.(T)2Everyone believes that global warming is caused by the activity of humans.(F)3Janice Foster believes that she can measure the future global rise in temperature.(F)4The rise in carbon dioxide is causing a steady increase in global warming.(T)5George Hambley believes that global warming will do good rather than harm to the earth. (T)6It is clear what the effects of global warming will be.(F).读课文回答问题1What do they think about global warming？Do they agree with one another?_答案：There are some very different attitudes among scientists towards this issue.Some think the effects will be terrible, while some others believe that we should not worry about it.2What are the two graphs about in the text?_答案：The first graph shows the temperature increase of one degree Fahrenheit between 1860 to 2000.The second graph shows the carbon dioxide content in the atmosphere from 1957 to 1997.3What is the main topic of the article?_答案：Global warming/the warming of the earth.表格填空The burning of 1._ like coal，natural gas and oil to produce energy. During the 20th century the temperature of the earth rose about 2._ degree Fahrenheit.The levels of carbon dioxide have 3._ greatly over the last 100 to 150 years.Charles Keeling found that the carbon dioxide in the atmosphere went up from around 4._ parts to around 370 parts per million between 1957 and 1997.Dr Janice Foster says that the amount of warming could be as low as 1 to 1.5 degrees Celsius，but it could be as high as 5 degrees over the next 5._ years.The climate could be very seriousA rise of several metres in the 6._Severe storms, floods，7._，famines.The spread of diseases.The disappearance of8._We should not worry about high levels of carbon dioxide in the air.It will make plants grow 9._；crops will produce 10._；it will encourage a greater range of animals.答案：1.fossil fuels2.one3.increased4.3155.1006sea level7.droughts8.species9.quicker10.more课文深层理解.读课文匹配段落大意1Para 1AThe cause of the earths being warmer2Para 2 BThe consequence of burning fossil fuels3Para 3 CThe increase of carbon dioxide4Para 4 DGlobal warming will go on5Para 5 EPuzzles about global warming6Para 6 FDifferent attitudes to global warming7Para 7 GAn introduction to the passage答案：1.G2.A3.B4.C5.D6.F7.E.阅读P2627的Reading部分，选择最佳答案1How much did the temperature rise in the 1900s?AOne degree Fahrenheit.BOne Celsius.CTwo degrees. DTwo degrees Fahrenheit答案：A2What causes the temperature of the earth to increase?ACutting trees. BWasting the farmland.CBurning fossil fuels. DBurning rubbish答案：C3Who accurately measured the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere from 1957 to 1997?ADr Janice Foster. BCharles Keeling.CFahrenheit. DCharles keeping答案：B4According to George Hambley，_Aglobal warming is a very serious problemBtheres no need to worry about global warmingCthe levels of CO2 in the air will bee lower in the futureDwe have to worry about global warming.答案：B5We can infer from the text that _Athe debate about the effects of global warming has not been settledBthe greenhouse effect is the result of peoples actionsCall scientists think it is important to reduce the amount of CO2 in the atmosphereDthe debate about the effects of global warming has been settled.答案：A如何写海报海报是向大众发布某种消息的布告。海报的形式多为招聘广告、活动宣传和人物介绍。英文海报的内容常为球讯、影讯、商业报道、展览会、报告会、专题讲座等。一般的英语海报由标题、正文和落款组成。1标题海报中往往把内容作为大字标题。如：Football Match，Film News，Good News，New Years Eve Entertainment或者注明Poster等字样。2正文部分正文部分要写清楚具体内容。活动内容、地点以及参加规定、主持或举办单位等。语言多用十分简略的形式，开门见山地说明主题、活动内容。活动时间和活动地点另起一行。最后提出活动要求和注意事项。3落款出海报的单位署名通常放在右下角；日期位于署名的下一行，既可以写在右下角，也可以写在左下角。另外：海报写作的注意事项还有：(1)时态：用一般将来时和一般现在时。(2)语言：海报文字要求简洁明了，篇幅要短小精悍。文中可以用些鼓动性的词语，但不可夸大其词。(3)要求：海报一定要具体真实地写明活动的时间、地点、主要内容及参加规定。【常用句式】As we all know，it is important to.First, you should.Second.It is a must that everybody should.Only in this way can we.The first solution is.the second solution is.In a word, pay much attention to.Last but not least，people ought to/should.So you need/should.Well have a show/football match on July 16th.There is a piece of news that well hold a.地点时间We hope to raise money to help the poor children.It will be held.You can buy tickets in.and the price is 2 yuan for each.By then, some new clothes are even 50% off.If you spend more than 100 yuan at one time，you can get two at present.请你用英语写一张海报向同学们介绍一下夏令营的情况，并邀请同学们参加。要点如下：1目的：使同学们学好英语，建立良好的人际关系；2活动内容(学习英文歌曲、舞蹈、游戏等)；3活动费用低。审题谋篇第一步明确要求这篇写作是一篇应用文海报，习作要符合海报的特点。首先要标明海报的主题，即有一个响亮而简洁的标题English summer camp。文章的内容为对夏令营的介绍，即帮助学习英语、建立良好的人际关系；夏令营的优势定期举办，费用低等；最后为海报的目的邀请大家加入等内容不可或缺。最后，要注意落款海报的组织方及时间。第二步确定段落标题：English summer camp主体：英语夏令营的内容、优势及目的。落款：学生会及海报日期。第三步提炼要点1暑假the summer vacation2英语夏令营English summer camp3致力于be devoted to4也as well as5人际关系interpersonal relationship6大量的a variety of7轻松的氛围in a relaxed atmosphere8和某人相处很好get along well with sb9另外in addition10会费membership fee第四步扩点成句1夏令营的目的是提高会员的英语和成员间的人际关系。(一般表达)The aims of the summer camp are to improve its members English and interpersonal relationship.(句式升级1)Not only the summer camp can get its members English improved，it can also make the interpersonal relationship between members better.(句式升级2)The summer camp is devoted to the improvement of its members English as well as the establishment of good interpersonal relationship.2每个暑假，该夏令营将举办英语歌曲学习、舞蹈培训和游戏等活动。(一般表达)Every summer the camp will teach to learn English songs，train dances and play games.(句式升级1)Every summer，a series of activities will be held by the camp，for example，teaching English songs，training dances and playing games.(句式升级2)Every summer，there are a wide variety of activities，such as English songs learning，dance training and games.【范文点评】范文点评English_summer_campWould_you_like_to_spend_the_summer_vacation_with_your_friends?_Are_you_eager_to_practise_your_English_and_get_your_spoken_English_improved_while_enjoying_yourself?_e_on！ Join us in the English Summer Camp！The_Summer_Camp_is_devoted_to the improvement of its members English as well as the establishment of good interpersonal relationships.Every summer, there are a_wide_variety_of activities, such as English songs learning, dance training and games.The members can learn a lot in a relaxed atmosphere.In this way, not_only_do_the_members_improve_their_English， they also learn how to get along well with others.In_addition， the membership fee is low.Dont_hesitate_any_longerjoin_us_and_enjoy_your_summer_vacation！School Student UnionJune_7，xx 范文文章格式正确，行文规范；文章有血有肉，长短句结合得好，运用了省略句、祈使句、倒装句等；文中用词准确，语言地道，有很多关于词汇的用法，值得我们积累。 海报标题恰如其分，宣传夏令营； 正文开头灵活使用问句，使海报内容显得不呆板，同时又能起到渲染的作用； be devoted to高级词汇，增加作文亮点； a wide variety of“各式各样的”，表明作者的语言功底； 倒装句，文章句式多； In addition“另外，此外”，上下文衔接好； 祈使句，丰富文章句式，发出邀请，希望大家参加活动；结尾符合海报格式请根据下列内容写一篇海报。全球变暖问题越来越引起人们的关注，它所产生的严重后果也逐渐为人所知。为此，你校学生会特意邀请了环保专家来校举办讲座，专门就全球变暖问题产生的原因、后果，以及中学生如何应对全球变暖问题等将进行论述，并在演讲结束后回答同学们的提问。时间：星期五8：00 am11：00 am地点：大厅注意：1.词数100左右；2可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。_答案： A lecture on global warmingOrganized by the Students Union of our school, a lecture on global warming will be given in the hall on Friday，from 8：00 am to 11：00 am.An expert working for the environment will give a lecture on the causes and the harmful effects of global warming.Besides，he will state what we can do with the problem.At the end of the speech，we can ask him some questions about global warming.All are wele!Students UnionThursdayA级基础过关.单句语法填空填写空白处所需的内容(1个单词)或所提供单词的正确形式。1The _ (present) of prizes began after the speeches.答案：presentation2More _ (important), we can share the information with all of you.答案：importantly3You may use the room as you like _ long as you clean it up afterwards.答案：so/as4We havent decided whether _ (go) camping next week.答案：to go5Johns success has nothing to do with good luck.It is years of hard work _ has made him what he is today.答案：that.选词填空and so on；if so；under the circumstances；as long as；on behalf of1Since he is so important a figure, nobody can be _him.答案：on behalf of2This shop sells clothes, shoes, hats，_.答案：and so on3Have you ever visited Thailand，and _，when?答案：if so4_，youd better not tell him the bad news.答案：Under the circumstances5She will go to his birthday party _ she is invited.答案：as long as.完成句子1John accepted the championship award _the team.约翰代表球队领取了冠军奖。答案：on behalf of2What you have told me may _ my own position.你告诉我的一切，可能影响我自己的看法。答案：make a difference to3I dont know how his parents _ his antics.我不知道他的父母是如何忍受他的怪异行为的。答案：put up with4_you drive carefully，you will be very safe.如果你开车小心，你就会很安全。答案：As/So long as/On condition that5If you know a foreign language you can tell your foreign friends about your family，study，_.如果你会说一门外语，你就能把你的家庭、学习等情况告诉你的外国朋友们。答案：and so onB级能力提升.阅读理解阅读下面短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。Think about what you had for lunch：Was it a hamburger? A chicken sandwich？Barbecue? What about vegetables? Would it surprise you to learn that what you eat can affect the whole planet?It canin a big way.New studies show how food and its production affect the globe and its warming climate.Youve probably heard of global warming：The temperature is on the rise because humankind has been releasing plenty of gases into the atmosphere.One of these greenhouse gases is carbon dioxide.What does this have to do with food？A big part of the carbon dioxide that we put in the atmosphere every year es from the process of making and eating food.The production of meat produces a lot of that carbon dioxide.And much of meats contribution es from beef, which is responsible for releasing even more warming gases into the atmosphere.The process of making a hamburger，for example, requires a lot of energy.A cow has to be fed and raised on farmland，and cow waste is a major source of methanean especially powerful greenhouse gas.The cow has to be killed.The meat has to be processed and shipped to a shop, which takes fuel.Most of the cow wont even be used for meat that people eat.By the time a hamburger finally lands on a dinner plate, it has had a heavy effect on the environment.We can reduce the production of globalwarming gases by eating less beef.Other kinds of meat like pork and chicken do less harm to the environmentat least in terms of the amount of greenhouse gases released.All kinds of meat are harder on the planet than vegetables.To grow and eat a pound of potatoes, for example, sends less than onequarter pound of carbon dioxide into the air.So changing our diet to less meat and more vegetables, as it turns out，may do the world some good.【语篇解读】新研究发现，食物也会对全球气候产生影响。1The questions in the first paragraph are used to _Ashow the authors concern about food safetyBexpress the authors puzzlement at what to eatCremind readers of something delicious to eatDintroduce the topic to be discussed in the passage解析：推理判断题。作者在开头提出一系列问题是为了引入本文的话题：我们的饮食对气候变暖有一定影响。答案：D2In the authors opinion, which of the following should be a great concern for meateaters?AThe process of producing meat can cause global warming.BMost cows are raised in poor conditions.CThere is a lot of carbon dioxide in meat.DAnimals suffer greatly as a result of global warming.解析：细节理解题。由第三段最后两句可知，生产肉类的过程会产生大量的二氧化碳，并且生产牛肉的过程还会向大气中排放更多的温室气体。答案：A3We can learn from the passage that _Aeating beef is good for our healthBit is not easy to make a hamburgerCgrowing potatoes can help clean the airDpork does less harm to the environment than beef解析：细节理解题。倒数第二段第一句提到，人们可以通过少吃牛肉来减少温室气体的排放量；紧接着第二句提到，在温室气体的排放量方面，其他肉类，如猪肉和鸡肉对环境的危害要小一些，因此D项正确。答案：D4The author wrote the passage in order to _Aexplain the importance of eating meatBadvise people to keep a balanced dietCencourage people to choose a greener dietDintroduce some healthy foods to people解析：写作意图题。作者在文章的最后提出，我们应该改变饮食习惯，多吃蔬菜少吃肉，这对整个世界都有好处。因此，作者写本文的目的是鼓励人们选择更环保的饮食。答案：C .七选五根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。When we are little, we know nothing about the rights and responsibilities of adulthood._1_ Therefore, if we like a certain toy or if we want to eat a certain type of chocolate, we think that our parents will have to buy that for us.We dont care that they possibly have not enough money for that.If they dont carry out our wish，well begin to cry._2_Whenever we begin to cry, well get what we want.Still, little by little, we realize that our parents cant offer us all that we want for certain reasons.We then also understand that parents have their rights.They have the right to scold us when we do something wrong or when they find out that we have lied to them._3_ They choose our clothes, the food we eat, the school we will study at, the hours when we should go out to play and the time we have to return home._4_They are the ones to be blamed later if we dont receive proper education.Thats why when we beat a classmate at the kindergarten, parents are the ones to apologize for our deeds in front of the teacher and the classmates parents.And when we get ill, they are responsible for not taking good care of us and for dressing us inadequately.The moment we bee teenagers, we notice that we should be responsible for our behaviours in society.Now we have the right to be independent._5_ It is supposed that we are mature enough to solve our problems and to make people around trust us.For some of us, this is a difficult test to pass, but it is the best method to see if we are capable of taking our place in society.AHowever, its also time for us to give explanations when we do something wrong.BBut at the same time they are responsible for many things that happen to u