2019-2020年高三英语下学期周练试题.doc

2019-2020年高三英语下学期周练试题 一、阅读理解About ten men in every hundred suffer from color blindness in some way. Women are luckier, only about one in two hundred is affected in this matter. Perhaps, after all, it is safer to be driven by a woman.There are different forms of color blindness. In some cases a man may not be able to see deep red. He may think that red, orange and yellow are all shades of green. Sometimes a person cant tell the differences between blue and green. In rare cases an unlucky man sees everything in shades of greena strange world in deed.Color blindness in human beings is strange thing to explain. In a single eye there are millions very small things called “cones”. These help us see in a bright day and tell the differences between colors. There are also millions of “rods”, but these are used for seeing when it is nearly dark. They show us shapes but not color. Some insects have favorite colors. Mosquitoes like blue but do not like yellow. A red light will not attract insects but a blue lamp will. In similar way human being also have favorite colors by day and with the aid of the rods we can see shapes at night. One day we may even learn more about the invisible colors around us.1The passage is mainly about _.A. color and its surprising effects on driverB. women being luckier than man that fewer of them are color blindC. danger caused by color blindnessD. color blindness and how our eyes tell different colors and shapes2According to the passage, with the help of “cones” we can _.A. tell different colorsB. see in weak lightC. tell different shapesD. tell orange from yellow3Why do some people say it is safer to be driven women?A. Women are more careful.B. There are fewer color blind women.C. Women are fonder of driving than men.D. Women are weaker but quicker in thinking.4Which of the following statements about color blind people is true?A. Not all of them have the same problem in recognizing colors.B. None of them can sec deep red but all can tell blue from green.C. None of them can tell blue from green but all can see deep red.D. All of them are lucky enough to see everything in shades of green. Most episodes of absent-minded-forgetting where you left something or wondering why you just entered a room-are caused by a simple lack of attention,says Schacter.“Youre supposed to remember something,but you havent encoded it deeply.”Encoding,Schacter explains,is a special way of paying attention to an event that has a major impact on recalling it later.Failure to encode properly can create annoying situation.If you put your mobile phone in a pocket,for example,and dont pay attention to what you did because youre involved in a conversation,youll probably forget that the phone is in the jacket now hanging in your wardrobe(衣柜).“Your memory itself isnt failing you,” says Schacter,“Rather,you didnt give your memory system the information it needed.”Lack of interest can also lead to absent-mindedness.“A man who recite sports statistics from 30 years ago,”says Zelinski,“may not remember to drop a letter in the mailbox.”Women have slightly better memories than men, possibly because they are more interested in whats happening around them,and memory relies on just that.Visual cues(提示)can help prevent absent-mindedness,says Schacter.“But be sure the cue is clear and available,”he cautions.If you want to remember to take a medication with lunch,put the bill bottle on the kitchen table-dont leave it in the medicine chest and write yourself a note that you keep in a pocket.Another mon episode of absent-mindedness:walking into a room and wondering why youre there.Most likely,you were thinking about something else.“Everyone does this from time to time,” says Zelinski.The best thing to do is to return to where you were before entering the room,and youll likely remember.5What does the underlined word “episode” in Paragraph 1 probably mean?A. Experiences. B. Experiments. C. Expressions. D. Feelings.6According to the passage,women have better memories than men probably because .A. they have a wider range of interestsB. they always put things where they wereC. they pay more attention to their environmentD. they prefer to write notes to tell them what they should do7What can help prevent absent-mindedness according to Schacter?A. Writing notes. B. Taking some medicine.C. Putting something in sight. D. Returning to where you were.8What is the best title for the text?A. A Way of Recalling. B. The Importance of Encoding.C. Cures for Absent-mindedness. D. Causes of Absent-mindedness. Persuasion is the art of convincing someone to agree with you. According to the ancient Greeks, there are three basic tools of persuasion : ethos, pathos, and logos.Ethos is a speakers way of convincing the audience that she is trustworthy, honest and reliable. One mon way a speaker can develop ethos is by explaining how much experience or education she has in the field. After all, youre more likely to listen to advise about how to take care of your teeth from a dentist than a fireman. A speaker can also create ethos by convincing the audience that she is a good person. If an audience cannot trust you, you will not be able to persuade them.Pathos is a speakers way of connecting with an audiences emotions. For example, a politician who is trying to convince an audience to vote for him might say that he alone can save the country from a terrible war. These words are intended to fill the audience with fear, thus making them support him. Similarly, an animal charity might show an audience pictures of injured dogs and cats, to make the viewers feel pity. If the audience feels bad for the animals, they will be more likely to donate money.Logos is the use of facts, statistics, or other evidence to support your argument. An audience will be more likely to believe you if you have convincing data to back up your claims. Presenting this evidence is much more persuasive than simply saying “believe me”.Although ethos, pathos, and logos all have their strengths, they are often most effective when used together. Indeed, most speakers use a bination of ethos, pathos, and logos to persuade their audiences. So, the next time you listen to a speech, watch a mercial, or listen to a friend try to convince you to lend him some money, be on the lookout for these ancient Greek tools of persuasion.9Why does the author say persuasion is an art?A. They both entertain the audience.B. They both require great skill to achieve.C. They both demand full attention from the audience.D. They were both mon topics of ancient Greek writers.10How is a speaker able to show her ethos to the audience?A. By expressing her sympathy with the audience.B. By telling the audience about her personal preference.C. By using beautiful language to make her statements attractive.D. By showing her knowledge and experience relating to the topic.11What can we learn about the three aspects of persuasion?A. Ethos is the most important aspect of persuasion.B. Each aspect has a different effect on the audience.C. Honesty is the key to making your arguments believable.D. Political leaders mostly use pathos to persuade their audience.12An advertisement for washing powder which claims that M scientific tests show that our powder kills 95% of all bacteria” is mainly using _.A. ethos B. pathos C. logos D. a bination of all three Bill Gates recently predicted that online learning will make place-based colleges less significant, and five years from now, students will be able to find the best lectures in the world online. I applaud Mr. Gates. But whats taking us so long?As early as 1997, MIT (麻省理工) decided to post videos of all university lectures online, for free, for all people. But today, how many students have you met who mastered advanced mathematics or nuclear physics from an MIT online video? Unfortunately, the answer is not many.The problem is the poor quality of online education websites and the experience they provide to students. Those who go to the MIT website and watch courses online are surely very smart people, but its not like playing a video game such as World of Warcraft. Only the most ardent students, those who are highly motivated, will devote themselves to studying these boring online videos.The real question is why we arent spending more to develop better online education platforms. Where is the Avatar of education? Think about this. The market for Hollywood films per year is worth around 30 billion USD. Education in the world is a trillion-dollar-a-year market, hundreds of times bigger than Hollywood movies. Yet the most expensive digital learning system ever built cost well under 100 million dollars.Bill Gates prediction is going to happen. There is no doubt about it. But it will only happen when we create high level educational content and experiences that engage and excite more than has ever been possible in the real world.13What has Bill Gates forecast about online learning?A. It will concentrate on physics lectures.B. It will pletely replace real universities.C. It will help to make universities more successful.D. It will play an increasingly important role in education.14What does the underlined word “ardent” in Paragraph 3 mean?A. Creative. B. Enthusiastic. C. Well-behaved. D. Experienced.15According to the author, what is holding back the popularity of online learning?A. The lack of lectures available online.B. The high cost of access to the websites.C. The low standard of educational websites.D. The petition with online puter games.16Why does the author mention Hollywood?A. To show that Hollywood produces many successful movies.B. To prove that education is more profitable than entertainment.C. To argue that movie directors should produce educational content.D. To urge that more money be spent developing educational websites. 二、完形填空An old man was dying. One by one his relatives visited him. Even relatives and friends he hadnt seen for years _ him to say farewell. They all _ their deep love for him. _ each came to him, the old man held each person by their _ and spoke to each. To one he said, “Yes, I love you.” To _ he said, “I go without any ill will.” To a third one he said, “Peace be with you.” And so to each person he said such _ words. Then the old man _ Nasrudin (a wise man in the Middle East). When Nasrudin came in, he stood on one side, _ everyone and listened to what they said and what the dying man said to them. After a while, Nasrudin _ his hands in the air, and when everyone _ to hear him, Nasrudin said, “Fools! Why didnt you visit him in his good _? You didnt love him when he was healthy, but you love him when he is dying!”After that, Nasrudin turned to the _ man and shouted, “Fool! Why didnt you live with such nice feelings all the days when you were _ and fully alive?” With that, Nasrudin left the _. The old man _ and said, “At last Ive heard the _. It is a blessing to _ having heard the truth.” The old man died _.What about the others? They returned to their _ business of life and continued as they always had been. And Nasrudin? When he returned to his _ just outside the old mans house, the donkey made a long high sound, “Hee-haw! Hee-haw!” Nasrudin said, “Yes, I know. Youre right. Live well; die well.”17A. called on B. looked after C. cared about D. depended on18A. offered B. bought C. kept D. expressed19A. Before B. As C. Because D. Although20A. face B. leg C. hand D. head21A. another B. other C. all D. some22A. possible B. necessary C. polite D. kind23A. visited B. invited C. bothered D. employed24A. forted B. helped C. observed D. blamed25A. raised B. lent C. washed D. hid26A. forced B. turned C. ordered D. changed27A. need B. mood C. health D. position28A. living B. visiting C. ing D. dying29A. safe B. important C. weak D. energetic30A. party B. scene C. meeting D. conference31A. smiled B. appeared C. screamed D. jumped32A. message B. news C. truth D. fact33A. stay B. work C. sleep D. die34A. secretly B. proudly C. sadly D. peacefully35A. strange B. normal C. important D. perfect36A. donkey B. car C. assistant D. wife 三、七选五The Importance of Accessibility AwarenessAt a recent Teen Leadership of Jewish Family Services meeting, people with disabilities talked about their lives.37However, what amazed me most was the great importance of education about handicap acmodations (残疾人便利设施).One school-teacher who is blind, and a woman who has used a wheelchair all her life are two important members of the National Group for Disabled Persons, devoted to raising awareness about disabilities.38These include handicap parking spots, handrails, and wheelchair ramps. One big concern is the people who take advantage of aids, such as handicap parking spaces.39And the meeting focused on educating the public.Some handicap spots have extra room next to them, marked with the “No Parking” signs. “As long as Im not in the spot, I can take the no-parking area next to it,” some people say. However, the woman who uses a wheelchair disagrees to this. The space exists to allow someone in a wheelchair to have room to get in or out of their car.40Some walkways have handrails next to them to help those who require extra assistance. Whether it is a blind person seeking guidance or an elderly person seeking support, the rail is there for walking. Sometimes the rail is blocked, by a parked bicycle for instance, and consequently made useless.41People who are informed of the rails use would be less likely to mistake it for a bike rack.Meeting some of the people who are affected by the lack of education about acmodations made me see that there is work to be done. If more people were educated about the proper uses of acmodations, there would be fewer challenges for people with physical disabilities.A. Acmodations will vary according to the needs of the disabled.B. As with the parking spot, this is more likely a case of lack of education.C. They educate about all the acmodations for people with disabilities.D. Improvement must be made so that disabled people can fully participate.E. If there is a car in that space, the handicap parking spot is no longer useful.F. So people without disabilities need to be educated about these acmodations.G. I was amazed to hear about the challenges faced by people with physical disabilities. 四、短文改错42假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，下文就是你同桌的一篇作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（），并在其下面写出该加的词。 删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。 修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。 注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词； 2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。 Now Id like to share with you a strange experience I had a month before.It may sound funny,and its true.After a days hard work I went to bed early than usual.It was about two oclock in the morning,and suddenly I woke up.I heard a noise.I got out of bed and went slow downstairs.I listened carefully.I could heard two men speaking quietly.I believed two thieves had broken into my house and I was really frightened,so I went back to upstairs,and immediately phone the police from my bedroom.The police arrived quickly.They opened front door with a special key and went into the living room.You can imagine what embarrassed I was when they came upstairs and told me we had turned the television off for me and everything was all right. 五、书面表达43假如你是学生会主席张凡，学校安排你给即将到你校任教的外籍教师Martin推荐一名学生助手。请根据以下要点给他写封推荐信。要点如下：1.欢迎Martin的到来；2.推荐李华为学生助手（高二年级学生， 17岁）3.介绍李华当助手的优势（电脑，沟通能力，热心助人，英语水平）注意事项：1. 词数不少于100.2.开头和结尾已给出， 不计入总词数。3.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。参考词汇：助手 assistantDear Martin,_ Yours sincerely, Zhang Fan参考答案 1D2A3B4A【解析】这是一篇科技说明文。本文介绍了色盲以及我们的眼睛是如何区分颜色和形状的。1D主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了色盲以及我们的眼睛是通过什么来区分颜色和形状的，故选D。2A细节理解题。根据第三段中的“In a single eye there are millions very small things called “cones”. These help us see in a bright day and tell the differences between colors.”可知，cones是帮助我们辨别颜色的。故选A。3B推理判断题。根据文章第一段可知，女性得色盲的几率要比男性小，所以说或许女性开车更安全，故选B。4A细节理解题。根据第二段中的“There are different forms of color blindness.”可知，色盲的形式是不同的，所以并非所有色盲患者的症状都一样。故选A。 5A6C7C8D【解析】文章描述了注意力不集中会导致人们记不住发生在自己身上的事情，作者讲述了注意力不集中的原因，并且提出了解决注意力不集中的方法，以便能够更好的记住发生的事情。5词义猜测题。根据第一二段可知是由于心不在焉导致无法记住曾经发生的事，也就是过去的经历。故选A。6细节理解题。根据第三段Women have slightly better memories than men, possibly because they are more interested in whats happening around them,and memory relies on just that.一句可知女士比男士记忆好，是由于他们对周围的事情感兴趣，而记忆力依赖周围的环境。故选C。7推理判断题。根据倒数第二段Schacter的叙述可知提示会阻止走神，根据例子如果你想要记住午餐时吃药，把药放在餐桌上提示自己，也就是说把提示的东西放在视线内。故选C。8主旨大意题。文章描述了注意力不集中会导致人们记不住发生在自己身上的事情，作者主要讲述了注意力不集中的原因。故选D。 9B10D11B12C【解析】本文叙述的是“说服”是使某人信服你的艺术。根据古希腊人的说法，有三种基本的说服方法ethos, pathos, and logos，通常需要这三者结合才可以发挥最大的效果。9B细节理解题。根据第一段第二句According to the ancient Greeks, there are three basic tools of persuasion : ethos, pathos, and logos.和最后一段第一句Although ethos, pathos, and logos all have their strengths, they are often most effective when used together.可知，persuasion是需要三者结合才可以发挥最大的效果，也就是“说服”需要巨大的技巧才能达到，故选B。10D细节理解题。根据文章第二段One mon way a speaker can develop ethos is by explaining how much experience or education she has in the field.可知，Echos是通过解释在某一领域所获得过的教育和所积累的经验，因此选D。11B推理判断题。文章没有提到echos是最重要的方面，而是说三个点都很重要，需要结合在一起，所以排除A选项；C项文中没有提到诚实是说服别人相信你的论点的关键。D项政治领袖大多用Pathos来说服听众错误，因此选B。12C推理判断题。从题干90% of the bacteria可以看出，是通过数据分析来说服别人，根据第四段第一句Logos is the use of facts, statistics, or other evidence to support your argument.可知，Logos是用事实、数据或其他证据来证明观点，故与90% of the bacteria相符，故选C。【名师点睛】做推理题时，有时需要在弄懂全文意思的基础上，整合与题目相关的有用信息，综合起来去推理判断，确定最佳结论。本题第3小题就是推理判断题。综合第二、三、四段分别讲述了Ethos、Pathos、Logos的定义和在说服中的作用可知，这三个方面都对观众有不同的作用，故B项正确。文章没有提到echos是最重要的方面，而是说三个点都很重要，需要结合在一起，所以排除A选项；C选项文中没有提到诚实是说服别人相信你的关键。D项中说政治领袖大多用Pathos来说服听众不正确，文中只是在讲述Pathos的时候用political leaders演讲的例子，并不是说政治领袖大多用Pathos来说服听众，因此D项也错误。 13D14B15C16D【解析】本文讲述比尔盖茨预测网络课程在今后五年会逐步发挥重要作用，可实际问题是网络课程的质量问题，我们应该花更多的精力和钱去提高网络课程的质量。13D细节理解题。根据第一段第一句可知，Bill Gates最近预测网络课程将会使place-based colleges 没那么重要，学生会在网络上能够学到世界上最好的课程。故选D。14B词义猜测题。根据文章第三段中those who are highly motivated .这是ardent students的同位语，对ardent进行了进一步的解释，因此可以推断出是有强烈动机的孩子们会花时间去学习这些无聊的网络课程，故ardent的意思应为Enthusiastic（热衷的）。15C细节理解题。根据文章第三段第一句The problem is the poor quality of online education websites and the experience they provide to students.可知，问题是网络课程的质量问题，所以对应选项中的the low standard，故选C。16D推理判断题。对应文章的第四段，第一句话，The real question is why we are (真正的问题是我们为什么不花更多的钱去发展网络教育。)这是本段的主题句，后面提到Hollywood是为这一个主题服务的，因此选D。 17A18D19B20C21A22D23B24C25A26B27C28D29D30B31A32C33D34D35B36A【解析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议的文章，叙述的是一位老人在即将去世时，亲朋好友都来拜访他和他告别。拜访老人的人为什么不在老人身体健康的时候来看望他，而是在老人将死之时来拜访？当纳西鲁丁说出了这个真相，老人说这个真相是对他逝世的一个祝福。老人说完这句话就去世了。这告诉人们要珍惜眼前的的一切。17考查动词短语。A. called on拜访；B. looked after照顾；C. cared about担心，关心；D. depended on依赖，依靠。句意：即使是那些他多年没见过的朋友和亲戚都来拜访他，和他告别。故选A。18考查动词。A. offered提供；B. bought买；C. kept保持；D. expressed表达。固定搭配：express love/happiness/feelings表达爱、幸福、感情等。故选D。19考查连词。A. Before在以前；B. As随着，当时；C. Because因为；D. Although尽管。句意：当每个人来到他跟前的时候。故选B。20考查名词。A. face脸；B. leg腿；C. hand手；D. head头。根据前面的动词held是hold的过去式，意思是“握住、拿着”。每一个来的人老人都握住他们的手并和他们说话。故选C。21考查形容词。A. another另一个；B. other其他的；C. all全部；D. some一些。固定句型：one