2019-2020年高考英语二轮复习 第一部分 微专题强化练 一 语法必备7 非谓语动词.doc

2019-2020年高考英语二轮复习 第一部分 微专题强化练 一 语法必备7 非谓语动词一、单句填空1(xx北京，21改编)_(catch) the early flight，we ordered a taxi in advance and got up very early.答案：To catchTo catch在此作目的状语。句意：为了赶上早航班，我们提前订了出租车并且起得很早。2(xx北京，23改编)The park was full of people，_(enjoy) themselves in the sunshine.答案：enjoyingenjoying为现在分词作伴随状语，与people形成逻辑上的主谓关系。句意：公园里人山人海，他们在沐浴着阳光愉快地玩耍。3(xx北京，31改编)If _(accept) for the job, youll be informed soon.答案：acceptedaccept与主语you构成逻辑上的被动关系，用过去分词。句意：如果你被录用了，我们会很快通知你。4(xx天津，5改编)_(absorb) in painting，John didnt notice evening approaching.答案：Absorbed动词absorb有“使专心”之意，常见短语be absorbed in，所以用过去分词作原因状语。5(xx天津，8改编)_(work) for two days，Steve managed to finish his report on schedule.答案：Having worked该题逻辑主语是Steve，与动词work是主谓关系，已知谓语动词为managed to finish，“成功完成”，比较动作work和已知谓语可知，先工作两天，才成功完成，因此用可表示发生在已知谓语动词之前的having worked。6(xx陕西，17改编)After receiving the Oscar for Best Supporting Actress，Anne Benedict went on _(thank) all the people who had helped in her career.答案：to thankgo on后接to do或doing作宾语均可以，但是go on doing表示“继续干同一件事”，而go on to do则表示“继续干另一件事”。由语境可知，Anne Benedict在接受奖项后又继续干另一件事，即：感谢帮助过她的人，故要用动词不定式作宾语。句意：在获得奥斯卡最佳女配角奖项之后，Anne Benedict继续感谢所有曾经在她的职业生涯中帮助过她的人。7(xx陕西，18改编)Back from his twoyear medical service in Africa，Dr.Lee was very happy to see his mother _(take) good care of at home.答案：taken分析结构可知，此处是“see宾语宾语补足语”结构，宾语补足语可以是do，doing或者done。若宾语与补语之间为主谓关系，且强调动作的全过程，用省略to的动词不定式，即do；若宾语与补语之间为主谓关系，且强调动作正在进行，用doing；若宾语与补语之间为动宾关系，用过去分词作宾补。此处his mother与take good care of之间为动宾关系，要用taken作宾补。句意：在非洲医疗服务两年后回来，李博士看到他的母亲在家里被照顾得很好，他很高兴。8(xx浙江，18改编)Listening to music at home is one thing，going to hear it _(perform) live is quite another.答案：being performed由live(现场直播)可知“听到音乐正在被演奏”，故填being performed。9(xx湖南，30改编)When the clerk saw a kind face wrinkled in an apologetic smile，she stood rooted to the ground，_(wonder) whether to stay or leave.答案：wondering句意：当店员看到一张慈祥的脸上挤出一副抱歉的笑容时，她愣愣地站在了那里，不知是去还是留。此句的谓语动词是stood，所以wonder在此用ing形式作伴随状语。10(xx湖南，34改编)Sometimes I act as a listening ear for fellow students _(talk) over what is bothering them.答案：to talktalk over讨论。分析句子结构可知act as a listening ear for fellow students to do sth.中的to do sth.是作students的宾语补足语。句意：有时我充当一个倾听者来倾听我的同学们讨论他们的烦心事。11(xx重庆，11改编)Like ancient sailors，birds can find their way _(use) the sun and the stars.答案：usingusing the sun and the stars在句中作状语，与逻辑主语birds构成主动关系，故用现在分词。句意：像古代水手那样，鸟可以利用太阳和恒星来找到路。12(xx福建，28改编)_(learn) more about Chinese culture，Jack has decided to take Chinese folk music as an elective course.答案：To learn由语境可知，此处是动词不定式作目的状语。句意：为了更多地了解中国文化，杰克决定把中国民间音乐作为选修课。13(xx福建，33改编)In recent years an English word “infosphere” has appeared，_(bine) the sense of “information” and “atmosphere”答案：bining由语境可知，infosphere与bine之间为主谓关系，故要用doing作状语。句意：近几年，一个英语单词infosphere出现了，它把“信息”与“气氛”的含义结合在一起。14(xx江苏，24改编)Much time_(spend) sitting at a desk，office workers are generally troubled by health problems.答案：spent本句为独立主格结构。逗号后为主句，逗号前为独立主格作原因状语。time与spend是被动关系，故填spent。句意：因为花费很多时间坐在桌子旁，办公室职员一般都受健康问题的困扰。15(xx课标全国，66)When a new day breaks，the walls have given up their heat and are now cold enough_(cool) the house during the hot day.答案：to cool句意为：当新的一天到来时，这些墙已经释放完它们的热量，现在冷得足够能让房子在炎热的白天保持凉爽。分析句子结构并结合语境可知，此处应用不定式作结果状语，be adj. enough to do sth.为固定结构，意为“足够去做某事”。二、单句改错1(xx黑龙江大庆铁人学校期中)Even when it es to shake hands, ladies e first.答案：shake改为shaking在when it es to.句型中，to为介词，所以要用动名词作to的宾语。2(xx河北保定模拟)The express pany will get allthese goods received delivering to the customers today.答案：delivering改为delivered句意为：快递公司今天将会把所有这些收到的货物派送给顾客们。deliver与其逻辑主语these goods之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，即these goods为deliver动作的承受者，所以应用过去分词作宾语补足语，此处为“get宾语宾补”结构。3(xx辽宁)It is difficult to understanding why she barks every minute shes outside.答案：understanding改为understandIts difficult to do sth.意为“做某事是困难的”，其中to为动词不定式符号，其后要跟动词原形。故将understanding改为understand。4(xx山西太原联考)I, together with my two friends, was eating dinner at a Chinese restaurant, locating in the center of New York.答案：locating改为located句意为：我和我的两个朋友一起，正在位于纽约市中心的一家中餐馆里用餐。(be) located in.为固定用法，意为“坐落于”。故将locating改为located。5(xx吉林长春外国语学校期中)We all enjoyed the precious day greatly, remember the time we spent together.答案：remember改为remembering句意为：我们所有人都很享受这宝贵的一天，记着我们一起度过的时光。句中已有谓语动词enjoyed，因此remember应用非谓语动词形式；remember与主语we之间构成主动关系，故用现在分词形式。6(xx浙江重点中学协作体联考)But now we often discuss and try to solve the problems raising by the teachers or ourselves.答案：raising改为raised句意：但现在我们经常讨论并尽力解决老师或我们自己提出来的问题。根据by可知，“问题”是“被老师或我们自己提出”，故应用过去分词作定语。7(xx江西红色六校联考)The ability express ones idea somehow decides how far one can get along in ones college.答案：express前加to句意为：一个人表达思想的能力在一定程度上决定了他在大学里的发展。抽象名词ability等词后通常用不定式作定语。8(xx黑龙江大庆铁人中学月考)The office of the Students Union will contact the choosing candidates for an interview in a few days.答案：choosing改为chosen句意为：几天后，学生会办公室将联系已被选出的候选人来面试。这里指的是“已被选出的候选人”，表示被动和完成，所以用过去分词作定语。9(xx江西上饶六校重点中学联考)Travel to a place I have never been to certainly can broaden my mind.答案：Travel改为Travelling 作句子的主语，表示事实，用动名词。动词原形不能作句子的主语。10(xx浙江台州调研考试)They couldnt help say that their son had grown up.答案：say改为sayingcant help doing“禁不住做某事”，是固定短语。三、语法填空(xx广东中山一中等七校联考改编)When I was young, we lived in what is now a forest preserve. People had the habit of abandoning dogs, _1_ drove my poor mother crazy! We were not rich and already had a dog. _2_(look) out of the window my mother plained to us about the irresponsible and cruel person, who had just thrown a dog. We _3_(tell) to stay away from the dog as we could not afford it. I felt _4_(extreme) upset, and I couldnt believe my mother refused to help the animal. She said, “Here we are not the only one. Let others take care _5_ the creature.” _6_ poor dog lay at the end of the driveway and hardly moved. I was very sad, but dared not say anything to my mother. Later that day I couldnt find my mother in the house. I looked in every room but she was _7_(go). Then I saw my mother _8_(e) home with the dog. We kids ran outside _9_(greet) our new friend. My mother didnt say why she _10_(change) her mind. Its not what you say. Its what you do. 1_ 2._ 3._ 4._ 5._6_ 7._ 8._ 9._ 10._答案：文章大意：作者一家遇到一只被抛弃的狗，开始作者的妈妈不想管它，因为他们家养不起。但后来她还是把那条可怜的狗领回了家，作者也不知道为什么妈妈会改变主意。1which考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，_drove my poor mother crazy为非限制性定语从句，且从句中缺少主语，关系词指代前面所说的内容，故用which。2Looking考查非谓语动词。设空处在句中作伴随状语，且与主语my mother之间为逻辑上的主谓关系，故用现在分词形式。3were told考查动词时态和语态。主语we与动词tell之间存在着被动关系，且动作发生在过去，故使用一般过去时的被动语态。4extremely考查词性转换。修饰形容词upset应使用extreme的副词形式extremely。5of考查动词搭配。take care of为固定搭配，意为“照顾”。6The考查冠词。此处特指上文提到的被抛弃的狗，故用定冠词。7gone考查词性转换。句意为：我找了每一间屋子，但是她不见了。设空处位于was之后，应用形容词作表语，gone意为“消失的，离去的”，符合语境。8ing考查非谓语动词。本句已有谓语动词saw，且逻辑主语my mother与动词e之间存在着逻辑上的主动关系，see sb. doing sth.表示“看见某人正在做某事”，故填ing。9to greet考查非谓语动词。此处不定式表目的。10had changed考查动词时态。根据语境可知，此处指妈妈在回来之前改变了主意，即“过去的过去”，故用过去完成时。四、短文改错(xx江西南昌十所重点中学模拟冲刺)When I was a child, I spent more than ten years learn the violin. Therefore, I couldnt understand “real music ”. After I graduated at high school, a friend of mine suggested that we started to learn the guitar because we all thought it was cool. I will never forget the day on that we went to buy guitars in a guitar store. There I saw a guitar player playing the guitar, which I really enjoyed. He became my the first guitar teacher. It took me such a long time choose a guitar among several wonderful model. Now the guitar is the most importantly part of my life and I practice it every day.答案：When I was a child, I spent more than ten years the violin. ， I couldnt understand “real music ”. After I graduated high school, a friend of mine suggested that we to learn the guitar because we thought it was cool. I will never forget the day on we went to buy guitars in a guitar store. There I saw a guitar player playing the guitar, which I really enjoyed. He became my the first guitar teacher. It took me such a long time choose a guitar among several wonderful . Now the guitar is the most part of my life and I practice it every day.解析：第一处：learnlearningspend some time(in) doing sth.意为“花费时间做某事”，为固定搭配。第二处：ThereforeHowever前一句讲“我”花费十年多的时间来学习拉小提琴，后一句讲我“不能理解真正的音乐”，前后为转折关系，故应用However。第三处：atfrom表示“从毕业”应用graduate from。第四处：startedstartsuggest作“建议”讲时，其后宾语从句的谓语应为should do，should可以省略，因此应将动词过去式改为原形。第五处：allboth此处讲“我”和“我”的一位朋友都认为吉他很酷，表示“两者都”应用both。第六处：thatwhich此处先行词为the day，关系词在定语从句中作时间状语，故用关系副词when引导，相当于“介词which”，此处应为on which，故将that改为which。第七处：删除the形容词性物主代词my后面不能用定冠词the。第八处：在choose前加toIt takes/took sb. some time to do sth.为固定句型，意为“做某事需要花费某人时间”，it为形式主语，动词不定式短语作真正的主语。第九处：modelmodelsseveral后面接名词复数形式。第十处：importantlyimportant修饰名词part应该用形容词形式important。