2019-2020年中考英语 语法专题突破 专题七 形容词和副词 人教新目标版.doc

2019-2020年中考英语 语法专题突破 专题七 形容词和副词 人教新目标版考纲要求1.形容词(包括比较级和最高级)2.副词(包括比较级和最高级)考查点年份题号选项设置分值形容词词义辨析xx30thankful/careful/useful/helpful1分41heavy/full/much/long1分78asleep(单词拼写)1分xx31cute/strong/fast/straight1分47bored/tired/pleased/surprised1分54little/good/great/bad1分xx47good/bad/rich/poor1分xx33shy/friendly/crazy/healthy1分49sorry/active/lucky/nervous1分201154surprised at/interested_in/expected by/worried about1分形容词副词混合辨析xx42quick/quickly/useful/usefully1分xx42bad/badly/clear/clearly1分副词词义辨析xx33mainly/really/possibly/hardly1分xx51weakly/quickly/slowly/quietly1分xx52usually/ever/sometimes/never1分51often/ever/seldom/never1分201151even/only/still/ever1分形容词副词转换xx77safesafely1分xx83politepolitely1分构成例词与形容词同形low，fast，late，early，much，deep，little，hard，only，back，just，well，enough，long，high，slow形容词后直接加lysadsadly；politepolitely辅音字母加y结尾的形容词改y为i再加lyhappyhappily；angryangrily；busybusily辅音字母加le结尾时，去e加ysimplesimply；terribleterribly；gentlegently少数以e结尾的形容词，要去掉e再加lytruetruly；duedulycloseadj./adv.靠近closelyadv.密切地highadj./adv.高highlyadv.高度地freeadj./adv.免费freelyadv.自由地lateadj./adv.晚，迟latelyadv.近来deepadj./adv.深deeplyadv.深刻/深入地nearadj./adv.邻近nearlyadv.几乎/将近hardadj./adv.努力地hardlyadv.几乎不mostadj./adv.最mostlyadv.主要地wideadj./adv.宽阔widelyadv.广泛地分类位置例词时间副词一般放在句尾now现在then那时today今天tomorrow明天yesterday昨天before前面ago之前soon很快once曾经，以前at first首先at last最后just now刚才at once立刻，马上频度副词行为动词之前或助动词、情态动词及be动词之后twice两次daily天天，常常weekly每周，每周一次every day每天every week每周every month每月always总是，经常usually经常often经常，常常sometimes有时ever曾经never从来不地点副词一般放在句尾here这儿there那儿upstairs楼上downstairs楼下above上边behind后边everywhere每个地方anywhere任何地方方式副词放在不及物动词之后或及物动词之前well好地，优质地badly坏地，劣质地fast快速地hard难地；努力地happily快乐地loudly大声地luckily幸运地politely礼貌地quickly快速地really真正地safely安全地slowly缓慢地程度副词被修饰的形容词或副词前，情态动词或助动词之后。enough修饰形容词或副词时须后置quite相当，完全，十分 rather相当，颇，有点 very非常 much许多 a lot许多 a little一点，一些 a bit少量 enough足够 hardly几乎不 almost大多数疑问副词通常置于句首疑问副词有when，where，why，how，how long，how soon，how often，how far等。疑问副词常用来构成特殊疑问句。关系副词用来引导宾语从句，放在句中关系副词有when，where，why，how等，关系副词常用来引导从句。考纲要求1.形容词(包括比较级和最高级)2.副词(包括比较级和最高级)考查点年份题号考查角度选项设置分值形容词比较等级xx41形容词最高级healthier/healthiest/thehealthier/the_healthiest1分xx31形容词比较级better/best/a_better/the best1分52形容词比较级greater/more natural/lower/more mon1分201134形容词最高级difficult/too difficult/more difficult/the_most_difficult1分副词比较等级xx31副词比较等级early/earlier/the earlier/the earliest1分Dmore weak and weak()14.Lucy does homework _ than Tim.Acarefully Bmore carefulCmore carefully Dthe most carefully()15.A 100yearold man ran a marathon in Toronto on Sunday.He became the _ person to plete the longdistance running in the world.Aold BolderColdest Dmore old()16.The population problem may be one of _ problems in the world today.Agreat Bmore greatCthe greatest Dgreater()17.(xx沧州14中模拟)Can you tell me why you learn English so well?Its very simple._ you work，_ grades you will get.AThe harder；the bestBThe hard；the betterCHarder；betterDThe harder；the better【满分点拨】一、形容词、副词比较等级的构成1形容词副词比较等级的一般变化规则规则变化的形容词和副词的比较级和最高级构成方法原级比较级最高级一般单音节词末尾加er，est。smallfastquicksmallerfasterquickersmallestfastestquickest以不发音的e结尾的单音节词加r，st。nicefinenicerfinernicestfinest以辅音字母y结尾的双音节单词，先把y变为i，再加er，est。earlyhappyearlierhappierearliesthappiest以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节的单词，双写末尾的字母再加er，est。redbigthinredderbiggerthinnerreddestbiggestthinnest部分双音节词或多音节词在原级前加more，most。interestingimportantmore interestingmoreimportantmost interestingmost important2.常见不规则变化的形容词和副词原级比较级最高级good/wellbetterbestbad/badlyworseworstmany/muchmoremostlittlelessleastfarfarther/furtherfarthest/furthestoldolder/elderoldest/eldest3.形容词、副词的比较级和最高级的用法句型意义例句as形容词/副词原级as两者比较，程度相同。“asas”结构前可以带表示程度的状语，像quite，almost，half，twice，nearly等。This book is almost/nearly as thick as that one.这本书几乎同那本一样厚。His ability is not half as high as yours.他的能力不及你的一半。如果形容词修饰单数可数名词，应用as形容词/副词原级a(n)可数名词单数形式as。Tom is as good a person as his uncle.汤姆和他叔叔一样是好人。This is just as good an example as the other one.这个例子和另外那个一样好。如果指同一个人或物，应译为“不但而且”。Li Mei is as beautiful as she is clever.李梅不但漂亮而且聪明。not as(so)形容词/副词原级as两者相比，一方不及另一方。This village isnt as(so)big as that one.这个村子没有那个村子大。I didnt do my homework as carefully as you.我做作业不如你仔细。形容词(副词)比较级than两者进行比较。The sun is bigger than the earth.太阳比地球大。She usually gets up earlier than others.她通常比别人起得早。比较级and比较级越来越，多音节的用more and more形容词或副词原级。She is growing fatter and fatter.她越来越胖了。Our country is being more and more beautiful.我们的国家越来越美了。the比较级，the比较级越，越，如果“the比较级”修饰名词作定语，名词要紧跟在比较级之后。The busier the old man is，the happier he feels.那位老人越忙越高兴。The more，the better.越多越好。The more money he gets，the more he wants.他得到的钱越多越想要。具体数字(如倍数)asas是的倍。The city is two times as big as my hometown.这个城市是我的家乡的2倍。具体数字、实物、倍数等比较级than形容词与具体倍数等的比较。He is a head taller than I他比我高一个头。This city is three times larger than that one.这座城市比那座城市大三倍。形容词最高级介词短语(比较范围)(三者或三者以上)最的。He is the tallest boy in our class.他是我们班里最高的男孩。副词最高级介词短语(比较范围)(三者或三者以上)最的。He works hardest in his class.他是班上学习最用功的一个。河北中考考点精练()1.(xx梅州中考)If overweight people eat less and take more exercise，theyll soon feel much_.AfatterBolderCbigger Dhealthier()2.(xx南京中考)Lisa was still very weak when she left hospital.But after a weeks rest，she felt much _ and went back to school.Agood BbetterCbad Dworse()3.(xx保定8中模拟)The fish tastes _，we have eaten it up.It is certain that she cooked it _.Agood；well Bwell；goodCwell；well Dgood；good()4.(xx杭州中考)My time in the middle school was one of _ periods of my life.AexcitingBmore excitingCthe more excitingDthe most exciting()5.(xx广安中考)Who does homework _，Tom，Jack or Bill?Bill.Amore carefullyBmore carefulCmost carefullyDmost careful()6.(xx温州中考)I fell off the bike on my way to school._，I wasnt hurt.ALuckily BSuddenlyCPolitely DRecently()7.(xx滨州中考)Teenagers should be encouraged to go _ and be close to nature.Ainside BbackCoutside Doff()8.(xx泰安中考)How are you getting along with your English study?Much better.I dont feel it as _as before.Ainteresting BmuchCdifficult Deasy()9.(xx连云港中考)Why are you looking_ in class all day?Because I cant finish my homework until eleven every night.Aawake BasleepCsleeping Dsleepy()10.(xx石家庄42中模拟)I hate vegetables.I_eat them.But they are good for your health! You should eat them every day.Aalways BseldomCoften Dusually()11.(xx聊城中考)Earthquakes always happen _，so it is difficult to know when they e.Ahopefully BsuddenlyCusually Dluckily()12.(xx沧州14中模拟)Lin Dan won the badminton game again.Yes，I think no one can do _ than him.Awell BbetterCbest Dgood()13.(xx天津中考)Lets open the windows to have some _ air here.Acheap BnervousCcareful Dfresh()14.(xx南充中考)Roy thinks he works as _ as his friend，Dan.Ahardly BharderChard Dmore hardly()15.(xx重庆中考B卷)I could _ hear what you said just now.Could you please say it again?Asometimes BalwaysChardly Dclearly()16.(xx泰州中考)I cant hear you _，something may be wrong with my telephone.Acarefully BclearlyCquietly Dslowly()17.(xx青岛中考)This camera is too expensive.Id like a_ one.Acheap BcheaperCcheapest Dmore expensive()18.(xx莱芜中考)Look! The boys are talking about the movie _.They always have so many fun things to share.Asadly BangrilyCnervously Dhappily()19.(xx南昌中考)Sally used to be _，but now she takes part in different activities and makes many new friends.Aactive BquietChonest Doutgoing()20.(xx济南中考)Why not go to Sunshine Supermarket？You can buy everything _ there.Amostly BwidelyCcheaply Dheavily()21.(xx邢台中考模拟)You had better put on a _ sweater since it is cold in the morning.Athin BcoolCthick Dheavy()22.(xx保定8中模拟)The baby is sleeping.Please walk into the room _.Aquiet BquietlyCheavy Dheavily()23.(xx廊坊中考模拟)Tomorrow is Anns birthday.Her mother is going make a _ meal for her.Abig BmonCquick Dsimple()24.(xx石家庄41中模拟)Im not hungry because I have _ had lunch.Aever BneverCjust Dstill()25.(xx衡水5中模拟)We dont want to speak badly or _ in front of the class.Aclearly BcarefullyCcarelessly Dproperly()26.(xx沧州中考模拟)My sister _ goes to bed early because she needs a lot of sleep every day.Aalways BsometimesChardly Dnever()27.(xx唐山9中模拟)Ill not be Jacks friend any more.Dont be angry.Hes just so _，but in fact hes good to us，you know.Ahelpful BdirectCpolite Dbrave()28.(xx承德中考模拟)With the development of modern science，its _ for us to get information from all over the world.Aslower BbusierCharder Deasier()29.(xx石家庄质量检测中考)Excuse me，would you please speak a little more_？Sorry，I thought you could follow me.Asadly BquicklyCpolitely Dslowly()30.(xx秦皇岛中考模拟)Overseas experience may help make our life _ .So why not try to study abroad?Ausual BusefulCsuccessful Dtraditional()31.(xx原创预测)We want to set off _ so that we can avoid the heavy traffic.Aearly BrecentlyChappily Dquietly()32.(xx原创预测)The transportation in our country is much more _ than it used to be.But traveling bees much easier!Aconvenient BexpensiveCdifficult Dtrendy()33.(xx原创预测)Is Tina an outgoing girl?No，shes kind of _.Her face always turns red when she speaks in public.Ashy BactiveCrelaxed Dfunny()34.(xx原创预测)There has never been such a beautiful village _ in the world.Aanywhere BeverywhereCsomewhere Dnowhere()35.(xx原创预测)Lindas father hates waiting in long lines.I think hes just not very _.Apatient BtalentedCpopular Dpowerful()36.(xx原创预测)Im surprised that John is only 25.I thought he was _ ，for he seems to be in his thirties.Aold BolderCyoung Dyounger()37.(xx原创预测)Emma always gets good grades in different exams because she is a_ girl.Ashy BfriendlyCpolite Dhardworking()38.(xx原创预测)You look _.Whats up，sir?I cant find my ticket，but its time to check in.Asleepy BhungryCtired Dworried()39.(xx原创预测)My new neighbor is so _ that he enjoys meeting and talking to people.Ashy BoutgoingCquiet Dsmart()40.(xx原创预测)I got home for my birthday from my college on Friday evening.No one was at home，and Mom and Dad hadnt left me a note.This made me _.Asurprised BhappyCangry Dexcited