2019-2020年高三英语二轮复习 题型攻略 专题1 阅读理解 位高“分”重 第5节 画龙点睛 勾勒篇章结构检测.doc

2019-2020年高三英语二轮复习 题型攻略 专题1 阅读理解 位高“分”重 第5节 画龙点睛 勾勒篇章结构检测 A month after Hurricane Katrina, I returned home in New Orleans.There lay my house，reduced to waisthigh rains, smelly and dirty.Before the trip，Id had my car fixed.When the office employee of the garage was writing up the bill, she noticed my Louisiana license plate.“Are you from New Orleans？”she asked.I said I was. “No charge，” she said，and firmly shook her head when I reached for my wallet.The next day I went for a haircut，and the same thing happened. As my wife was studying in Florida, we decided to move there and tried to find a rental house that we could afford while also paying off a mortgage(抵押贷款)on our ruined house.We looked at many places, but none was satisfactory.Wed begun to accept that wed have to live in extremely reduced circumstances for a while，when I got a very curious email from a James Kennedy in California.Hed read some pieces Id written about our sufferings for State，an online magazine and wanted to give us(“no conditions attached”)a new house across the lake from New Orleans.It sounded too good to be true，but I replied，thanking him for his exceptional generosity，that we had no plans to go back.Then a poet of the University of Florida offered to let his house to us while he went to England on his oneyearpaid leave.The rent was rather reasonable.I mentioned the poets offer to James Kennedy, and the next day he sent a check covering our entire rent for eight months. Throughout this painful experience, the kindness of strangers backs my faith in humanity.Its almost worth losing your worldly possessions to be reminded that people really want to be kind when given a chance.1Which one shows the right time order?James Kennedy sent us a check.A poet offered his house to us.Our home was reduced to ruins.The garage employee charged us nothing.James Kennedy offered a new house from New Orleans.ABCD2What do you know about James Kennedy?AHe was a friend of the writer.BHe offered the writer a house in California.CHe worked for an online magazine.DHe was concerned about the writers sufferings.3It can be inferred from the passage that _.Athe mortgage on the ruined house didnt need to be paid offBthe house rents in New Orleans were reasonable after the hurricaneCthe writer rebuilt his faith in humanity by losing his worldly possessionsDthe writer made it through the painful period with peoples kindness4How is the passage developed?ABy showing contrasting facts.BBy making classification.CBy giving examples.DBy analyzing causes and effects.1解析：选B。可以通过确定和以及和的先后顺序来确定答案。2解析：选D。根据第三段中的Hed read some pieces Id written about our sufferings for State，an online.可知选D。3解析：选D。根据最后一段可知选D。4解析：选C。作者是列举了飓风之后发生的一系列事实来叙述的。You signed up for soccer, and played every game of the season.Sure, youre not the best player on the team, but most days you gave it your all.Do you deserve a trophy(奖杯)? If the decision is up to Carol Dweck, the answer would likely be no.Shes a psychology professor at Stanford University, California.She says a player doesnt have to be the best to get a trophy.But those who receive an award should have to work for it.She suggests trophies go to the most improved player，or the one who contributed most to the team spirit，as well as to those who play the best.“The trophy has to stand for something，”Dweck told TFK.“If we give a trophy to everyone, then the award has no value.”Dweck argues that giving kids trophies for particular reasons，such as improving in a sport，teaches kids that adults value hard work and trying our best. Others say that theres no harm in giving awards to all kids who play a sport, regardless of how they played or whether or not they improved. “I think we should encourage kidsparticipation in sports，” says Kenneth Barish, a psychology professor at Weill Cornell Medical College, in New York City.“A trophy is one way to encourage kidsefforts.” Barish argues that when we single_out only the best or even the most improved players with a trophy, we are teaching kids the wrong lesson.We are sending the message that winning is everything.“Winning is only part of the equation(等式)，” Barish told TFK.“Playing sports also teaches kids about teamwork and the importance of exercise.” “There will be plenty of opportunity for kids to learn about petition as they get older，”says Barish.Theyll soon realize that only one soccer team wins the World Cup and only one football team wins the Super Bowl.For now, he thinks theres nothing wrong with letting all kids who play a sport feel like winners.That means trophies for everyone.5According to Carol Dweck, which player should receive a trophy?ATony, the most attractive player of the soccer team.BDavid, a soccer player who is both clever and funny.CPeter, who is ready to help his partners to score goals.DJim, a soccer player who tries his best to win the game.6The underlined phrase “single out” in Paragraph 6 probably means “_”AhonourBchooseCvalueDstress7Which shows the correct structure of the text?【语篇解读】如果孩子参加体育比赛，那么是不是每个人都该得到奖杯呢？文章就这个问题给出了两种不同的看法。5解析：选C。根据第二段可知，斯坦福大学的心理学教授Carol Dweck认为，获奖的运动员未必是最好的运动员。她认为，进步最大的、对团队精神贡献最多的和表现最佳的运动员都应获奖。故C项正确。6解析：选B。根据第六段可知，Barish认为，当我们挑选出最佳球员或进步最大的球员并授予他们奖杯的时候，我们给孩子们传递了一个错误的信号：获胜就是一切。因此画线的短语“single out”意为“挑出”。7解析：选B。本文的第一段为导语，导入讨论的话题。第二、三段陈述了斯坦福大学的心理学教授Carol Dweck的主要观点：反对人人获奖。下文(第四段至第七段)陈述的是纽约市威尔康乃尔医学院的心理学教授Kenneth Barish的观点，即赞成人人获奖。因此B项清晰地展示了本文的结构。Passage CWhen someone says“SHARK” most people think of a big，toothy，underwater animal；basically we are imagining a Great White.In fact sharks e in all shapes，sizes and even colors！Follow me please；Id like to show you a very special small shark monly known as horn sharks，only found in the coastal waters of northwest North America. Look at this shark，and you can easily see the horns on it and you will know the reason why it is called the horn shark is that it has the broad，flattened head and two large hornlike spines(脊椎)found behind its eyes and make it one of the hardiest of all shark species.What makes it unique is that as its enemy attempts to swallow it，the spines on its back will stick into the enemys mouth and give a good chance for it to get away. The horn shark is brown in color with black spots all over its body.The adults can reach up to a length of 4 feet and weigh up to 10 kg.An interesting fact about the horn shark is that it has five gills(鳃)The horn shark is a clumsy swimmer using its flexible pectoral fins(胸鳍)to push itself along the bottom of the ocean.The maximum distance that has ever been recorded for a horn shark to have traveled out from its habitat is 10 miles. Today，as so little is known about its population off the Californian coast，they have been listed as being “Data Deficient” in the World Conservation Union.The horn shark is being threatened both by water pollution and mercial fishing in the area.Though they are not among those sea creatures hunted primarily for food，they often get caught as a bycatch in fishing expeditions.8The horn shark gets its name for _. Aits small size Bits large eyes Cits two large spines Dits brown color with spots9How is Paragraph 3 mainly developed?ABy giving descriptions.BBy following time order.CBy analyzing causes.DBy making parisons.10Which factors contribute to the horn sharksbeing on the “Data Deficient” list?That people like hunting them for pets.That people fish them for fun.Water pollution off the coast.Knowing little about the population.ABCD11According to the passage, all of the following are unique to the horn shark EXCEPT that_.Ait doesnt travel farBit is good at swimmingCits spines can be used to attack the enemy and escapeDit is only found in the coastal waters of northwest North America8解析：选C。细节理解题。根据文章第二段可知，它之所以被称作角鲨，是因为它有两个角状的脊椎在眼睛的后面。故C项正确。9解析：选A。逻辑结构题。本题主要考查对段落结构的理解能力。文章第三段采用的是描述方法。先描述身体颜色，再描述身体的长度、形状等。B项“根据时间顺序”；C项“分析原因”；D项“作比较”都不符合。10解析：选D。细节理解题。根据文章最后一段可知D项正确。的表述均与文章不符，不是为了“捕它们作宠物”，也不是为了“娱乐”，而是出于商业目的。11解析：选B。推理判断题。题干的意思“根据文章，下面哪个不是角鲨的特性”，B项“善于游泳”不是特性，我们从常识的角度也可以进行判断。其他鲨鱼也是善于游泳的，其他三项在文中均有表述，为角鲨的特性。故B项正确。Passage DFScott Fitzgerald, born on September 24, 1896, an American novelist, was once a student of St.Paul Academy，the Newman School and attended Princeton University for a short while.In 1917 he joined the army and was posted in Alabama, where he met his future wife Zelda Sayre.Then he had to make some money to impress her. His life with her was full of great happiness，as he wrote in his diary: “My own happiness in the past often approached such joy that I could share it even with the person dearest to me but had to walk it away in quiet streets and take down parts of it in my diary.” This side of paradise, his first novel, was published in 1920.Encouraged by its success, Fitzgerald began to devote more time to his writing.Then he continued with the novel the Beautiful and Damned(1922), a collection of short stories Thales of the Jazz Age(1922), and a play The Vegetable(1923)But his greatest success was The Great Gatsby，published in 1925，which quick brought him praise from the literary world.Yet it failed to give him the needed financial security.Then, in 1926, he published another collection of short stories All the Sad Young Men. However，Fitzgeralds problems with his wife Zelda affected his writing.During the 1920s he tried to reorder his life, but failed.By 1930, his wife had her first breakdown and went to a Swiss clinic.During this period he pleted novels Tender Is the Night in 1934 and The Love of the Last Tycoon in 1940.While his wife was in hospital in the United States，he got totally addicted to alcohol.Sheila Graham, his dear friend，helped him fight his alcoholism.12How many novels written by Fitzgerald are mentioned in the passage?A5.B6.C7.D8.13Which of the following is the correct order to describe Fitzgeralds life according to the passage?aHe became addicted to drinking.bHe studied at St.Paul Academy.cHe published his first novel This side of paradise.dThe Great Gatsby won high praise.eHe failed to reorder his life.fHe joined the army and met Zelda.AfceabdBbeafcdCfdecbaDbfcdea14We can infer from the passage that Fitzgerald _.Ahad made some money when he met Zelda in AlabamaBwas well educated and well off before he served in the armyCwould have pleted more works if his wife hadnt broken downDhelped his friend get rid of drinking while his wife was in hospital15The passage is probably followed by a concluding paragraph about_.AZeldas personal lifeBZeldas illness and treatmentCFitzgeralds friendship with GrahamDFitzgeralds contributions to the literary world【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了英国著名文学家弗兰西斯司各特菲茨杰拉德的生平及其重要作品。12解析：选A。细节理解题。由文章中关键词novel可知，文章中提到的弗兰西斯司各特菲茨杰拉德的小说有：This side of paradise，The Beautiful and Damned，The Great Gatsby，Tender Is the Night and The Love of the Last Tycoon，共计5部。故选A项。13解析：选D。细节理解题。根据第一段中“.was once a student of St.Paul Academy.In 1917 he joined the army.”可知，弗兰西斯司各特菲茨杰拉德先在圣保罗学院学习，然后参加的军队。由此可知答案应为D项。14解析：选C。推理判断题。由第四段第一句“However，Fitzgeralds problems with his wife Zelda affected his writing.”可以判断出选C项。15解析：选D。结构判断题。根据人物传记的特点和本段对菲茨杰拉德生活、作品的描述，说明了菲茨杰拉德的作品对文学界的意义，因此最后总结的是关于菲茨杰拉德对文学界的贡献。故选D项。