2019-2020年高考英语冲刺导练(II).doc

2019-2020年高考英语冲刺导练(II) 【读写应用综合训练】 一、完形填空Cloze test 6记叙文 -6 “Daily Star, sir” called Jason, carrying some newspapers under his arm. The little boy had been running up and down the street, but there were still twenty 31 left. His voice was almost gone and his heart was 32 . The shops would soon close, and all the people would go home. He would have to go home too, carrying the papers 33 money. He had hoped to sell more papers tonight to make more money to buy a 34 for his mother and some seeds for his bird. That was why he had bought the papers with all his money. He 35 as he thought of his failure to sell all his papers.“You dont know the 36 of selling papers. You must shout, “Hot news! Bomb bursting!” another newsboy Chad told Jason. “ 37 its not in the paper at all,” replied Jason. “Just run away quickly 38 they have time to see, and youll 39 out and get your money,” Chad said.It was a new 40 to Jason. He thought of his bird with no 41 and the cake he wanted to buy for his mother, but was 42 that he would not tell a lie. Though he was 43 a poor newsboy, he had been 44 some good things.The next afternoon Jason went to the office for his papers 45 . Several boys were crowding around Chad, who declared with a 46 smile that he sold six dozen the day before. He added that Jason 47 money because he would not tell a lie. The boy 48 at Jason. “You wouldnt tell a lie yesterday, my boy?” A gentleman at the office came up and patted Jasons shoulder 49 .” Youre just the boy I am looking for.” A week later Jason started his new 50 . He lost sale of twenty papers because he would not tell a lie, but got a well-paid job because he told the truth.31. A. shops B. coins C. people D. papers32. A. open B. heavy C. pure D. weak33. A. instead of B. in return for C. regardless of D. in exchange for34. A. cup B. card C. b D. cake35. A. gave in B. broke down C. got away D. showed up36. A. difficulty B. process C. goal D. secret37. A. And B. But C. For D. So38. A. before B. since C. though D. unless39. A. call B. drop C. sell D. reach40. A. edition B. idea C. policy D. task41. A. bread B. insects C. seeds D. water42. A. concerned B. amazed C. excited D. determined43. A. still B. already C. just D. also44. A. taught B. handed C. awarded D. allowed45. A. at once B. by chance C. as usual D. on purpose46. A. proud B. gentle C. warm D. polite47. A. borrowed B. lost C. made D. saved48. A. laughed B. shouted C. nodded D. started49. A. bravely B. gratefully C. fondly D. modestly50. A. duty B. business C. job D. method二、阅读理解Reading 1 Practising key kills 猜测词义3-1 3猜测词义 1 Meaning guessing 影响人们阅读理解的因素，首先是词汇。任何一个词，只有在特定的上下文中才能表示一个确定的词义。阅读理解中猜测词义的考查内容既可以是文中的生词，也可以是熟词新义、短语或句子。但都要求考生根据上下文线索(即具体语境)做出推断。此类题的提问形式一般有：1. Which of the following is nearest/closest in meaning to “.”? 2. The underlined word . means _. 3. The underlined phrase means _. 4. The underlined sentence means _. 利用上下文的提示猜测词义的方法有如下几种： 1根据定义或解释（包括同位语）猜测词义；2根据英语词汇构词法知识：【例】 26 , the disastrous effects of the drought were felt all over our country. It was a challenging time for everyone, but father remained optimistic. （xx年天津卷完形填空） 26. A. Thankfully B. Hopefully C. Unfortunately D. Strangely 从构词法看，disastrous来自disaster，可推知句子语境，确定选项C。3根据标点破折号后的内容是对词的具体解释；4根据后文举例：根据举例如such as，for example；5根据因果关系：【例】She did not hear what you said because she was pletely engrossed in her reading. because前的分句表结果，由此可知“她没有听见的原因是她完全被阅读吸引住了或她正全神贯注地看书”。可推engrossed表示“被吸引的，全神贯注的”。其他结构如sothat，as a result (of)等；6根据句意或上下文语境：【例】At the age of 77, John was still playing a skillful game of tennis, ran four miles every day and seldom missed his daily swim. For a man of his age he was extremely robust1. According to the short passage, the word “robust”, probably means _. A. strange B. weak C. strong D. interesting 根据语境的意思，可以推断robust是strong。猜测词义离不开上下文、离不开具体语境，需要不断积累词汇，通过练习增长经验，增强实力。 Passage A However wealthy we may be, we can never find enough hours in the day to do everything we want. Economics deals with this problem through the concept of opportunity cost, which simply refers to whether someones time or money could be better spent on something else.Every hour of our time has a value. For every hour we work at one job we could quite easily be doing another, or be sleeping or watching a film. Each of these options has a different opportunity costnamely, what they cost us in missed opportunities.Say you intend to watch a football match but the tickets are expensive and it will take you a couple of hours to get to and from the stadium. Why not, you might reason, watch the game from home and use the leftover money and time to have dinner with friends? Thisthe alternative use of your cash and timeis the opportunity cost.For economists, every decision is made by knowledge of what one must forgoin terms of money and enjoymentin order to take it up. By knowing precisely what you are receiving and what you are missing out on, you ought to be able to make better-informed, more reasonable decisions. Consider that most famous economic rule of all: theres no such thing as a free lunch. Even if someone offers to take you out to lunch for free, the time you will spend in the restaurant still costs you something in terms of forgone opportunities.Some people find the idea of opportunity cost extremely discouraging: imagine spending your entire life calculating whether your time would be better spent elsewhere doing something more profitable or enjoyable. Yet, in a sense its human nature to do precisely that we assess the advantages and disadvantages of decisions all the time.In the business world, a popular phrase is “value for money.” People want their cash to go as far as possible. However, another is fast obtaining an advantage: “value for time.” The biggest restriction on our resources is the number of hours we can devote to something, so we look to maximize the return we get on our investment of time. By reading this passage you are giving over a bit of your time which could be spent doing other activities, such as sleeping and eating. In return, however, this passage will help you to think like an economist, closely considering the opportunity cost of each of your decisions. 58. According to the passage, the concept of “opportunity cost” is applied to _. A. making more money B. taking more opportunities C. reducing missed opportunities D. weighing the choice of opportunities59. The “leftover . time” in Paragraph 3 probably refers to the time _. A. spared for watching the match at home B. taken to have dinner with friends C. spent on the way to and from the match D. saved from not going to watch the match60. What are forgone opportunities? A. Opportunities you forget in decision-making. B. Opportunities you give up for better ones. C. Opportunities you miss accidentally. D. Opportunities you make up for. forgo v. give up Passage B Being a senior student, I always think of my future. To be exact, the thoughts of the future have kept me up countless nights and made me worry enough to do poorly on more than one test. Because of this, words of wisdom are a source of fort. Steve Jobs gave a speech to Stanfords graduating class in xx and his words resound repeatedly in my mind whenever I think about my future.It was not always like that, though. It started when I became a junior, when college came into view. Its the first big step to making your life your own. So when Jobs discussed his life as a student, some fears were eased. He also felt the need to attend college to make something of himself. He faced what many are extremely afraid of: UNCERTAINTY. His lack of understanding paused him attending college and focus on what he felt was important. His story had a happy ending, of course, since he certainly turned out well. This does not mean that students should not attend college, but rather that they should not worry so much. Youll get where you need to go, even if your path is a bit more winding than youd like. Jobs talked about the hardships in his work. His love of his work helped him carry on and he got where he was meant to be, which restates the point: dont panic.One particular part of his speech stayed with me. Steve Jobs quoted the saying Stay hungry, stay foolish and it has bee my motto. Staying foolish is realizing that you are still a fool, no matter how much you have learned or experienced. There is always more to explore. Staying hungry is wanting to find those things about which you are still uneducated. Steve Jobs level of success is attainable, and I aim to prove that. With the will power to go into the world living every day like it and allowing the future to take care of itself, I will do great things. In the last moments of my life, Ill be proud of what I have done and hope to have all the wisdom a person could wish for. 41. The author felt worried when _. A. he had to take tests at schoolB. he thought about his future C. he had lots of sleepless nightsD. he searched for words of wisdom42. What does the underlined word resound in Para 1 most probably mean? A. celebrate B. praiseC. shake D. echo43. What did the author gain from Jobs speech? A. Courage to drop out of school.B. Confidence in defeating Jobs. C. Bravery to face uncertainties.D. Interest in puter industry.44. Which of the following suggestions was NOT mentioned in Jobs speech? A. Having the desire to learn more. B. Being modest so as to learn more. C. Staying calm in the face of hardships. D. Being content with what they know. 45. The passage is mainly about _. A. the wisdom drawn from a speechB. the most impressive quote in life C. a memorable meeting with JobsD. an experience of a speech Passage C In its early history, Chicago had floods frequently, especially in the spring, making the streets so muddy that people, horses, and carts got stuck. An old joke that was popular at the time went something like this: A man is stuck up to his waist in a muddy Chicago street. Asked if he needs help, he replies, No, thanks. Ive got a good horse under me.The city planner decided to build an underground drainage (排水) system, but there simply wasnt enough difference between the height of the ground level and the water level. The only two options were to lower the Chicago River or raise the city.An engineer named Ellis Chesbrough convinced me the city that it had no choice but to build the pipes above ground and then cover them with dirt. This raised the level of the citys streets by as much as 12 feet.This of course created a new problem: dirt practically buried the first floors of every building in Chicago. Building owners were faced with a choice: either change the first floors of their buildings into basements, and the second stories into main floors, or hoist the entire buildings to meet the new street level. Small wood-frame buildings could be lifted fairly easily. But what about large, heavy structures like Tremont Hotel, which was a six-story brick building?Thats where George Pullman came in. He had developed some house-moving skills successfully. To lift a big structure like the Tremont Hotel, Pullman would place thousands of jackscrews (螺旋千斤顶) beneath the buildings foundation. One man was assigned to operate each section of roughly 10 jackscrews. At Pullmans signal each man turned his jackscrew the same amount at the same time, thereby raising the building slowly and evenly. Astonishingly, the Tremont Hotel stay open during the entire operation, and many of its guests didnt even notice anything was happening. Some people like to say that every problem has a solution. But in Chicagos early history, every engineering solution seemed to create a new problem. Now that Chicagos waste water was draining efficiently into the Chicago River, the citys next step was to clean the polluted river.61. The author mentions the joke to show _. A. horses were fairly useful in ChicagoB. Chicagos streets were extremely muddy C. Chicago was very dangerous in the springD. the Chicago people were particularly humorous62. The city planners were convinced by Ellis Chesbrough to_. A. get rid of the street dirtB. lower the Chicago River C. fight against heavy floodsD. build the pipes above ground63. The underlined word hoist in Paragraph 4 means _. A. changeB. liftC. repairD. decorate64. What can we conclude about the moving operation of the Tremont Hotel? A. It went on smoothly as intended.B. It interrupted the business of the hotel. C. It involved Pullman turning ten jackscrews.D. It separated the building from its foundation.65. The passage is mainly about the early Chicagos _. A. popular life styles and their influencesB. environmental disasters and their causes C. engineering problems and their solutionsD. successful businessmen and their achievements【语法重点复习导练】语法技能重点复习导练：句子6三、副词性从句状语从句-2 根据在副词在句中的作用，状语从句共有九类，分别为时间、地点、原因、条件、目的、结果、方式、比较、让步。分三次复习训练常见连词（短语）：4.条件1) if, in case (that) (如果), on condition that (条件是); 2) unless; once; 3) 只要：only if; so/as long as(只要); 5) Supposing/Suppose (that) (假设), provided / providing (that) (如果), Given that .(倘若.假定.), Granted that(假定，如果) 5.目的1)积极目的：that, (so) that, in order that.(may/might/can/could +V) 2)消极目的：lest，for fear that，in case (that)（以防，一般与should连用）6.结果so that, sothat, suchthat【题组2】1. Lessons can be learned to face the future, _ history cannot be changed. 14江苏21A. though B. as C. since D. unless2. The meaning of the word nice changed a few times _ it finally came to include the sense pleasant. A. before B. after C. since D. while3. Exactly _ the potato was introduced into Europe is uncertain, but it was probably around 1565. A. whether B. why C. when D. how4. You will never gain success_ you are fully devoted to your work. A. when B. because C. after D. unless5. I dont really like the author, _ I have to admit his books are very exciting. A. although B. unless C. until D. once6. The young couple, who returned my lost wallet, left _ I could ask for their names. A. while B. before C. after D. since7. Ill be out for some time. _ anything important happens, call me up immediately. A. In case B. As if C. Even though D. Now that8. Give me a chance, _ Ill give you a wonderful surprise.A. if B. or C. and D. while9. _ you start eating in a healthier way, weight control will bee much easier. A. unless B. Although C. Before D. Once10. Some animals carry seeds from one place to another, _ plants can spread to new places.A. soB. orC. forD. but11. _ the forest park is far away, a lot of tourists visit it every year. A. As B. When C. Even thoughD. In case12. Cathy had quit her job when her son was born _ she could stay home and raise her family.A. now that B. as if C. only if D. so that13. It was the middle of the night _ my father woke me up and told me to watch the football game. A. that B. as C. which D. when 14. Half an hour later, Lucy still couldnt get a taxi _ the bus had dropped her. A. until B. when C. although D. where15. What we expect from you is working hard _ hardly working.A. less than B. rather than C. as well as D. as much as16. Facing up to your problem _ running away from them is the best approach to working things out. A. more than B. rather thanC. along with D. or rather 【高考词汇分类记练】天津卷高考词汇手册词表词性分类记练 一）名词 Noun 6 HIJKH NOUN 61:1. habit n.2. hair n.3. haircut* n.4. half n.5. hall n.6. ham n.7. hamburger n.8. hammer n.9. handle n.10. handkerchief* n.11. handwriting n.happening n.12. harbour (Am harbor) n.13. hardship* n.14. harm n.15. harvest n.16. harmony* n.17. hat n.hatred n.18. head n.19. headache n.20. headline* n.21. headmaster n./headmistress n.22. health n.23. heart n.24. heat n.heating n.25. heaven n.heaviness n.26. height n.27. helicopter n.28. hello int.29. helmet n.30. help n.31. hero n.hesitation n.32. highlight n.33. highway n.34. hill n.35. history n.36. hit n.37. hobby n.38. hole n.39. holiday n.40. home n. & ad.41. homeland n.42. hometown n.43. homework n.honesty n.44. honey n.45. honour(Am honor) n.46. hope n.horror n.47. horse n.hospitality n.48. hospital n.49. host n.50. hostess n.51. hotel n.52. hour n.53. house n.54. household n.&. a.55. housewife n.56. housework n.housing n.57. hug n.58. humour (Am humor) n.59. hunger n.hunt n.60. hurry n.61. hurt n.62. husband n.【名词巩固训练】H 题组 11. The people there have suffered many _from the war, and they wished the war ended as soon as possible.A. hardships B. harms C. hungers D. gravities2. The activity is called saving the earth which refers to more reduction of _ caused to the world by freon (氟里昂) of refrigerators.A. hurt B. harm C. handle D. harbor3. We should take measures to reduce pollution so that the human beings may live in _ with nature.A. hand B. harvest C. health D. harmony4. The heroic story that he had saved a boys life hit the _ in the local newspapers.A. heights B. histories C. headlines D. heroes5. These desks and seats call be adjusted to the _ of any child.A. hobbies B. heights C. hearings D. heels6. Having attached extra _ to their lines, the fishermen hoped to catch more fish.A. hobbies B. holes C. hotdogs D. hooks7. Mark Twain was a man full of a sense of _. He liked very much to tell funny stories and he also liked to play jokes on his friends.A. humour B. honor C. hydrogen D. hurricane8. We must keep the classroom clean for dirt and disease go _.A. hand by hand B. by hand C. in hand D. hand in hand9. Washington, a state in the United States, was named _ one of the greatest American presidents.A. by means of B. in the hope of C. in favour of D. in honour of 选词填空A. harm, harmony, head, heat, highlight, honour, hurry, hunger1. Here are two industries that must be in _ with one another. 2. He was_ with an award for excellence in teaching. 3. Her performance was the_ of the show. 4. There is no _ to make a decision. 5. He _ for affectionate relations with people in general.6. He may not be able to help but theres no _ in asking him.7. Get to sleep early tonight youll need to keep a clear _ tomorrow at the trial.8. In the _ of the argument the man lost his self-control.I NOUN 41:63. ice n.64. idea n.65. ideal n.66. identity n.67. illness n.68. image n.imagination n.imitation n.69. immigration * n.70. impact n.implication n.71. import n.72. importance n.impression n.improvement n.73. inch n.74. incident n.75. ine n.76. increase n.77. independence n.78. index n.indication n.79. individual n.80. industry n.inference n.81. influence n.82. information n.83. initial n. & a. initiative n.injury n.84. ink n.innocence n.85. insect n.86. inside n.insistence n.inspection n.inspiration n.instance n.instant n.87. institute n.88. institution* n.89. instruction n.90. instrument n.91.