2019-2020年高考英语二轮复习 第二部分 语法 专题七 定语从句.doc

2019-2020年高考英语二轮复习 第二部分 语法 专题七 定语从句考点1which引导的非限制性定语从句1It is a truly delightful place，_ looks the same as it must have done 100 years ago with its winding streets and pretty cottages.(xx湖南，29)Aas BwhereCthat Dwhich2China Today attracts a worldwide readership，_ shows that more and more people all over the world want to learn about China.(xx福建，34)Awho BwhomCthat Dwhich3I borrowed the book Sherlock Holmes from the library last week，_ my classmates remended to me.(xx北京，26)Awho BwhichCwhen Dwhere考点归纳which引导非限制性定语从句，修饰整个主句时，从句要放在主句后。which在从句中作实义动词的主语时，不能用as代替。如果主从句语义不一致，要用which引导定语从句。He came at last，which we didnt expect.他最终来了，这是我们所没想到的。考点2where引导的定语从句1The boss of the pany is trying to create an easy atmosphere _ his employees enjoy their work.(xx天津，15)Awhere BwhichCwhen Dwho2Students should involve themselves in munity activities _ they can gain experience for growth.(xx福建，31)Awho BwhenCwhich Dwhere3Sales director is a position _ munication ability is just as important as sales skills.(xx重庆，29)Awhich Bthat Cwhen Dwhere考点归纳当先行词为position，case，point，stage，situation，condition等表示抽象地点的名词，且定语从句中不缺少主要成分时，常用where引导定语从句，此时where相当于under which，from which，意为“在这种情况下，从中”。一些不是明显表示地点的名词作先行词时，也常用where引导定语从句。He wrote a letter where he explained what had happened in the accident.(xx江西，33)他写了一封信，在信中，他解释了这起事故中发生的事情。Nowadays people are more concerned about the environment where they live.(xx四川，9)现在人们更加关注他们生活的环境。考点3when引导的定语从句1As the smallest child of his family，Alex is always longing for the time_ he should be able to be independent.(xx陕西，15)Awhich Bwhere Cwhom Dwhen2I didnt bee a serious climber until the fifth grade，_ I went up to rescue a kite that was stuck in the branches of a tree.(xx浙江，5)Awhen Bwhere Cwhich Dwhy考点归纳关系副词when在定语从句中作状语，一般不能省略，可用“介词which”替换。when指时间，在从句中作时间状语，它的先行词通常为time，day，morning，night，week，year等表示时间的名词。有时候when也可以和部分介词一起引导定语从句。I still remember the time when I first travelled by plane.我仍然记得第一次坐飞机旅行的时间。She went to Japan two years ago，since when I havent heard from her.她两年前去了日本，从那以后我就没有收到过她的来信。考点4whose引导的定语从句1The books on the desk，_ covers are shiny，are prizes for us.(xx四川，3)Awhich BwhatCwhose Dthat2The book tells stories of the earthquake through the eyes of those _ lives were affected.(xx福建，27)Awhose BthatCwho Dwhich考点归纳whose一般指人，但有时也指物，在定语从句中作定语。指物时，“whose名词”可用“限定词名词of which”或“of which限定词名词”来代替。Do you know the girl whose Japanese is excellent?你认识那个日语非常优秀的姑娘吗？Please pass me the book whose cover is green.(Please pass me the book the cover of which is green.)请递给我绿皮的那本书。考点5“名词/代词/数词等ofwhich/whom”引导的定语从句1He wrote many childrens books，nearly half of _ were published in the 1990s.(xx重庆，14)Awhom BwhichCthem Dthat2English is a language shared by several diverse cultures，_ uses it differently.(xx天津，12)Aall of which Beach of whichCall of them Deach of them3The children，_ had played the whole day long，were worn out.(xx浙江，5)Aall of what Ball of whichCall of them Dall of whom考点归纳介词of表示整体和部分的关系，of前边会出现复杂的形式，常见的有“some/several/a few/a little/many/more/most/the larger/the biggest/half/many等ofwhich/whom”形式。做题时如果不好理解，可将关系代词换成先行词，则句子结构和意义就比较明显了。John invited about 40 people to his wedding，most of whom are family members.(xx重庆，24)约翰大约邀请了40人参加他的婚礼，其中大多数是他的家人。考点6as引导的定语从句1_ is often the case with children，Amy was better by the time the doctor arrived.(xx陕西，16)AIt BThat CWhat DAs2“You cant judge a book by its cover，”_(xx新课标全国，33)Aas the saying goes old Bgoes as the old sayingCas the old saying goes Dgoes as old the saying考点归纳1as通常引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为整个主句。2as引导限制性定语从句时，主句中往往有such，the same，as，so等词。3注意such/so.that.(that引导结果状语从句)和such/so.as.(as引导定语从句)的区别。He is such a good boy that we all like him.他是那么好的一个男孩，我们都喜欢他。He is such a good boy as we all like.他是我们都喜欢的好男孩。解题方法方法1先行词还原法如果认为是定语从句，大家可以把前面的名词直接还原到从句中，如果此句意思通顺，则为定语从句。Shell never forget her stay there _ she found her son who had gone missing two years before.Athat BwhichCwhere Dwhen答案D解析考查定语从句的用法。her stay为先行词，代入定语从句后为：She found her son who had gone missing two years before during her stay there.。when指代her stay，在定语从句中作时间状语。方法2四步分析法正确选择引导定语从句的关系词是学习定语从句的难点，大家可以使用“四步分析法”来正确解答试题。一看指人还是物；二看介词在何处；三看句中作何用；四看是否性特殊。(1)As a child，Jack studied in a village school，_ is named after his grandfather.Awhich BwhereCwhat Dthat答案A解析句意为：还是孩子的时候，Jack 在以他祖父命名的乡村学校学习。分析句子结构可知，此题考查定语从句。定语从句所修饰的先行词是school，它在定语从句中作主语，因此使用关系代词，选项中的关系代词只有which和that，由于是非限制性定语从句，不能使用that，因此选择A。(2)Children who are not active or _ diet is high in fat will gain weight quickly.Awhat Bwhose Cwhich Dthat答案B解析句意为：不爱运动或者饮食热量偏高的孩子们会很快发胖。分析句子结构可知，本定语从句不缺主要成分，故排除C、D两项；what不能引导定语从句，故排除。children与diet是所属关系，故B项符合题意。方法3固定搭配法在解答定语从句时还要注意一些固定短语，这样就需要确定关系词前的介词等。Wind power is an ancient source of energy _ we may return in the near future.Aon which Bby whichCto which Dfrom which答案C解析考查定语从句。句意为：风力是很古老的一种能源，不久的将来我们也许会再利用它。return to重新利用，属于固定搭配。故排除含有介词on，by和from的A、B、D三项。1Finally，I would like to ask a few questions about his personal life，which must be very interesting.(xx安徽)最后我想问几个关于他个人生活的问题，这一定很有意思。2In addition，I am an outgoing girl who has rich experience in organizing school activities.(xx陕西)另外，我是一个性格外向的女孩，在组织学校活动方面有丰富的经验。3If I were a interviewer，the famous Chinese I would most want to interview is Li Yuchun，whose English name is Chris Lee.(xx安徽)如果我是一位采访者，我最想采访的中国名人是李宇春，她的英文名字是Chris Lee。4This camp will open on July 20th，which offers teenagers，like you and me，a chance to enjoy sports and learn about Chinese culture.(xx北京，书面表达一)这次野营将于7月20日开始，它给你我这样的年轻人提供了一次享受运动并了解中国文化的机会。5Sally was a successful teacher，who taught some naughty students.(xx广东，读写任务)Sally是一位成功的老师，她教过一些顽皮的学生。6Recently，in order to broaden our horizons，our school newspaper，which is very popular among us students，will start a column about western life and culture.(xx全国)近期，为了拓展视野我们校报将开设一个有关西方生活及文化的栏目，这份报纸在我们学生中很受欢迎。提醒：完成作业强化练(七)强化练(七)强化练(七)定语从句(建议用时：12分钟)1As a dark horse，Chinas football team was through to the quarterfinals _ it lost to the host country Australia.(xx南京、盐城二模，25)Aas Bwhat Cthat Dwhere2Robin Williams was lucky because he was offered so many parts _ he could be whatever he needed to bethe roles that ensured his spot among the edy greats.(xx苏锡常镇一模，31)Awhen Bwhere Cwhich Dthat3This course is based on a project，one of _ aims is to improve the students prehensive ability in English.(xx苏锡常镇二模，21)Awhose Bwhich Cits Dwhat4Many college students are willing to work in Western China after graduation _，poor and backward as it is，more opportunities of employment are available.(xx泰州二模，33)Awhere Bwhen Cthat Dwhich5More and more people go jogging in the morning，_ benefits for health arise from the air rich in oxygen.(xx南通、连云港二模，31)Awhich Bthat Cwhose Dwho6Personal space is the region surrounding a person _ they regard as psychologically theirs.(xx南京、盐城一模，30)Awho Bwhere Cwhen Dwhich7Mr.Wang is just one of the victims from _ houses the thieves stole money and other valuables.(xx苏北四市一模，31)Awhose Bthose Cwhom Dtheir8He was admitted to our school last year，a top school in our hometown，_ he has been crazy about reading electronic novels，killing time.(xx江苏百校联考，32)Aafter that Bsince thatCafter when Dsince when9Why didnt you watch the program “Where are we going，Dad？”？It was because something was wrong with the web TV _ too many users were receiving it.(xx江苏百校联考，34)Awhich BthatCthrough that Dthrough which10Evidence provided by the school has proved that John was once a good student _ grades and attendance fell as he became addicted to playing puter games.Awhich Bof whichCof whom Dwhose11Another food crop raised by Indians _ was strange to the European was called Indian corn.Awhen Bwhose Cwhich Dwhere12Stephen Hawking believes that the earth is unlikely to be the only planet _ life has developed gradually.Athat Bwhere Cwhich Dwhose13Those successful deaf dancers think that dancing is an activity _ sight matters more than hearing.Awhen Bwhose Cwhich Dwhere14His study in Peking University lasted four years，_ he founded his own pany in Hong Kong.Aafter which Bafter whenCafter that Dafter it15Examination positions，together with most business letters and government reports，are the main situations _ formal language is used.Awhere Bwhy Cwhich Dwhat16Most electronic devices of this kind，_ manufactured for such purpose，are tightly packed.Athat are Bas areCwhich is Dit is17The teacher talked with Jim，_ problems was poor study habits.Awhose BwhichCone of whose Done of which18Traditionally，the church and the pub are the heart of any village or town in Britain，_ the local people gather together to socialize and exchange news.Awhich Bwhen Cwhere Dwhose19Im very grateful to my high school teachers，without _ help I wouldnt be so excellent.Awhom Bthem Cwhose Dwhich20The science of puter，_ rapid progress has been made in recent years，plays a very important role in our daily life.Ain which Bfrom whichCwith which Dto which学生用书答案精析专题七定语从句考点11D考查定语从句引导词的选择。句意为：它确实是一个令人感到快乐的地方，它看起来一定跟100年前一样，有着蜿蜒的街道和美丽的村舍。本句中先行词是a truly delightful place，且后面的定语从句中缺少主语，可用which或that引导；又因为前后两部分用逗号连接，所以所填词引导非限制性定语从句，故用which。2D考查非限制性定语从句。句意为：今日中国吸引了全世界的读者，这表明世界上越来越多的人想了解中国。先行词是前面的整个主句，在从句中作主语，且空格前有逗号，故用which来引导。3B考查定语从句。此处the book Sherlock Holmes是先行词，指物，关系词在从句中作remended的宾语；又因为是非限制性定语从句，故选B项。考点21A考查定语从句的引导词。句意为：该公司的老板正在努力营造一种轻松的氛围，这样他的员工就可以在这种氛围中享受工作的乐趣。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导定语从句，先行词为an easy atmosphere，且从句中缺少地点状语，故要用where。2D考查定语从句的引导词。关系副词where引导定语从句修饰先行词munity activities，且在从句中作地点状语。3D考查定语从句的引导词。句意为：销售总监是一个沟通能力和销售能力同样重要的职位。分析题干可知a position后是一个定语从句，而该从句的引导词在从句中作地点状语，故选D项。在定语从句中，当position，point，case，stage，situation等表示抽象地点的名词充当先行词时，若定语从句中缺少状语，则用where来引导定语从句。考点31D考查定语从句。句意为：作为家里最小的孩子，亚历克斯总是盼望着他能独立的时候。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导定语从句，先行词为the time，表示时间，且从句中缺少状语，故用when引导。2A考查定语从句。句意为：直到五年级我才成为一个热衷攀爬的人，当时我爬上树取下了一个挂在树枝上的风筝。when引导的非限制性定语从句是对先行词the fifth grade的进一步说明，when在从句中作时间状语。考点41C考查定语从句。句意为：桌面上那些封面闪亮的书是为我们准备的奖品。本题考查非限制性定语从句的引导词，先行词the books和covers之间是所有关系，故选C。2A句意为：这本书透过生活受到地震影响的人们的视角讲述地震的故事。本题的先行词是those表示人，定语从句的主语是lives，与先行词构成所属关系，应使用关系代词whose引导。考点51B考查定语从句。句意为：他写了许多儿童读物，几乎有一半的书是在20世纪90年代出版的。逗号之后是一个修饰childrens books的非限制性定语从句，which指代childrens books。2B考查定语从句。句意为：英语是一种被几种不同文化共享的语言，每种文化都用不同的方式使用它。前后两个分句间无连词，又由标点符号“逗号”可知，此处为非限制性定语从句，对先行词diverse cultures进行补充说明，再由后面谓语动词uses可知，B项正确。3D考查定语从句。先行词为children，故排除A、B两项；all of them不能构成定语从句。D项中whom为关系代词，指代前面的children，故答案为D项。考点61D考查as引导的非限制性定语从句。句意为：就像其他小孩子一样，医生来的时候Amy好多了。as is often the case通常就是这样，此处as引导定语从句。2C考查非限制性定语从句的语序。句意为：常言道，人不可貌相。as引导非限制性定语从句，表示“正如”，不用倒装。二轮专题强化练答案精析强化练(七)定语从句1D考查定语从句。句意为：中国足球队作为一匹黑马一举进入四分之一决赛，在四分之一决赛中，输给了东道主澳大利亚队。quarterfinals为定语从句的先行词，从句中缺少地点状语，应用where引导。故选D项。2B考查定语从句。句意为：罗宾威廉姆斯很幸运，因为他被提供了很多角色，他需要扮演什么就能演什么，这些角色保证了他在喜剧大师中的地位。parts为定语从句的先行词，从句中缺少地点状语，应用where引导。故选B项。3A考查定语从句。句意为：这个课程是建立在一个项目的基础上的，这个项目的目的之一是提高学生的英语综合能力。project为定语从句的先行词，代入定语从句中为one of the projects aims.，用whose。故选A项。4A句意为：许多大学生毕业后愿意去中国西部工作，那里，尽管贫穷和落后，却有更多的就业机会。题干中的定语从句中包含了一个as引导的让步状语从句。定语从句中先行词是Western China，缺少地点状语。故选A。5C考查定语从句。句意为：越来越多的人早晨去慢跑，它对健康的好处来自含有充足氧气的空气。jogging为定语从句的先行词，代入定语从句中为：Joggings benefits for health.，故用whose引导定语从句。选C项。6D考查定语从句。句意为：个人空间是指一个人周围的区域，人们在心理上会认为这个区域是属于他们自己的。the region为定语从句的先行词，从句中的regard后缺少宾语，应用which引导。故选D项。7A考查定语从句。句意为：王先生只是家里遭贼，钱和其他贵重物品被盗的受害者之一。先行词是victims，从句中houses前缺少定语，应用whose，whose houses指the victims houses。故选A项。8D考查定语从句。句意为：去年他被我们学校录取，一所我们家乡最好的学校，从那时起他疯狂地阅读电子小说，消磨时间。先行词是last year，从句用的是现在完成时，所在用since when引导定语从句。故选D项。9D考查定语从句。句意为：你为什么不看爸爸去哪儿？这个节目啊？是因为网络电视坏了，太多的用户通过网络电视来接收这个节目。先行词是web TV，太多的用户通过网络电视接收节目，因此用through which引导定语从句。故选D项。10D句意为：学校提供的证据证明约翰曾是个好学生，当他开始对电脑游戏上瘾的时候他的成绩和出勤率下降了。先行词为John，whose引导定语从句，在从句中充当grades and attendance的定语，相当于Johns grades and attendance，故答案选D。11C考查定语从句。句意为：印度人种植的对欧洲人来说很奇怪的另一种作物被叫作印度玉米。空后的定语从句中缺少主语，先行词是Another food crop，应用which或that引导定语从句。故选C。12A考查定语从句。句意为：史蒂芬霍金认为地球不可能是生命逐渐进化的唯一星球。因前面有the only故从句中关系代词只能用that，选A。13D考查定语从句。句意为：那些失聪的成功舞蹈演员们认为，舞蹈是一项视觉比听觉更为重要的活动。根据句子结构判断，空白处缺引导定语从句的关联词，由于先行词activity在从句中担任地点状语所以应该选择关系副词where。14A考查定语从句。句意为：他在北大的学习了四年，之后他在香港成立了自己的公司。分析句子结构可知该处为非限制性定语从句，用关系代词which指代前面的“在北大学习四年”这件事，又因为成立公司在学习之后，故选A。15A考查定语从句。当situation，stage等表示抽象意义的词作先行词时，其后的定语从句常用where来引导。16B考查定语从句。从句的先行词是devices of this kind，表示复数，故定语从句中的谓语动词的数要与先行词保持一致，因此排除C、D；由空前逗号可知该句是一个非限制性定语从句，不能用that引导，因此排除A。选B。17C考查定语从句。句意为：老师跟Jim谈话，他的问题之一就是差的学习习惯。后半句是定语从句，此处意为：Jim的问题之一，用one of whose引导定语从句。18C考查定语从句。后半句是定语从句，修饰先行词the church and the pub，从句中缺少地点状语，故用where引导。19C考查定语从句。句意为：我非常感谢我的高中老师，没有他们的帮助我不会如此优秀。without为介词提前，先行词为teachers，所填词在定语从句中作定语修饰help，故用whose。20A考查定语从句。句意为：近几年来，计算机科学已经取得了巨大的进步，而且在我们的日常生活中也起到了重要的作用。此处make rapid progress in sth.“在方面取得进步”，the science of puter可以还原到介词in后作宾语，故为先行词，介词in可以提前，故选A。