2019-2020年中考英语第三部分中招题型研究三 阅读理解B 话题2 科普知识（含解析）.doc

2019-2020年中考英语第三部分中招题型研究三 阅读理解B 话题2 科普知识（含解析） Have you ever thought of why dogs are humans best friends? Whats the bond(紧密关系）between human and dogs? A new study by Japanese scientist Miho Nagasawa seems to have found the answer, and it has to do with something named the cuddle(拥抱）chemical. The cuddle chemical has another, more scientific name: oxytocin(催产素）. Oxytocin is something in the blood that encourages bonding. Levels of oxytocin increase, for example, when a mother feeds her newborn baby. According to Nagasawas study, levels of oxytocin can also go up when we look deeply into the eyes of a dog. Humans and dogs have been working together for nearly 30,000 years. In order to better understand how the cuddle chemical worked between dogs and humans, Nagasawa and his team did an experiment. They tested levels of oxytocin in dogs and humans, and then put them in a room to interact(交流）with each other. While in the room, the humans pet the dogs, spoke to the dogs, and looked into the dogs eyes. Then the scientists tested their levels of oxytocin again.The researchers found that levels of oxytocin were higher in both humans and dogs after they interacted. However, levels were the highest in the humans and dogs that simply looked into each others eyes, without much petting or talking. The longer the humans looked into the eyes of the dogs, the more cuddle chemical was let out. Nagasawa did the same experiment with humans and wolves, but it did not give the same results.1. What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 1 refers to?A. Something. B. The answer.C. A new study. D. The cuddle chemical. 2. Nagasawa did the experiment of humans and dogs to know . A. how oxytocin workedB. how oxytocin was dividedC. how they helped each otherD. how they interacted with each other3. Oxytocin levels reached the highest in the humans and dogs .A. when they looked into each others eyes B. when they talked with each otherC. if the dogs cuddled the humansD. if the humans pet the dogs4. What can we infer(推断）from the last sentence of the text?A. More experiments are expected to help wolves produce oxytocin.B. The cuddle chemical in human blood protects us against wolves.C. It makes sense that humans and wolves are naturally best friends.D. Its generally impossible to have the bond between humans and wolves.5. Where is the text most probably from?A. Advertisement. B. Newspaper.C. Story book. D. Menu.【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。介绍了日本科学家Miho Nagasawa的一项研究：人类和狗的关系之所以很密切是因为一种叫催产素的化学物质。血液中的这种化学物质可以增进人类与狗之间的关系。1. B【解析】代词指代题。题干意为：在第一段中划线单词it指的是 。A项：某物；B项：答案；C项：一项新的研究；D项：拥抱化学物质。根据第一段第三句“A new study by Japanese scientist Miho Nagasawa seems to have found the answer.日本科学家Miho Nagasawa的一项新研究似乎找到了答案”可推知it指代“the answer”。故选B。2. A 【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：Nagasawa 做关于人类和狗（之间的关系）的实验是为了知道 。A项：催产素是怎么产生作用的；B项：催产素是如何被分离的；C项：他们是如何互相帮助的；D项：他们是如何互动的。根据第三段第二句可知Nagasawa做这项研究是想知道催产素是怎样在人类与狗之间起作用的。故选A。3. A【解析】细节理解题。题干意为： 催产素在人类和狗体内产生量最大。A项：当他们看着对方眼睛的时候；B项：当他们互相说话的时候；C项：如果狗拥抱人类；D项：如果人们养宠物狗。根据最后一段第二句可知当人类和狗看着对方的眼睛时，催产素在人类和狗体内产生量最大。故选A。4. D【解析】推理判断题。题干意为：我们可以从文章的最后一句中推测出什么？A项：为了帮助狼产生催产素，有望做更多的实验；B项：人体血液中的拥抱化学物质保护我们免受狼的伤害；C项：人类和狼天生是最好的朋友是有一定道理的；D项：通常人类和狼不可能有紧密关系。根据最后一段最后一句可知在人类和狼身上并没有紧密关系。故选D。5. B【解析】推理判断题。题干意为：文章最有可能来自哪里？A项：广告；B项：报纸；C项：故事书；D项：菜单。根据文章内容可知，可能来自报纸。故选B。