2019-2020年高考英语二轮复习 社会文化阅读理解精练（1）.doc

2019-2020年高考英语二轮复习 社会文化阅读理解精练（1）社会文化（阅读理解）由 (xx江西,C)改编Big Brothers Big Sisters is based on the simplicity and power of friendship.It is a program which provides friendship and fun by matching vulnerable young people (ages 717) with a volunteer adult who can be both a role model and a supportive friend.Volunteer tutors e from all walks of lifemarried,single,with or without children.Big Brothers and Big Sisters are not replacement parents or social workers.They are tutors:someone to trust,to have fun with,to talk and go to when needed.A Big Sister and Little Sister will generally spend between one and four hours together three or four times each month for at least twelve months.They enjoy simple activities such as a picnic at a park,cooking,playing sport or going to a football match.These activities improve the friendship and help the young person develop positive self-respect,confidence and life direction.Big Brothers Big Sisters organizations exist throughout the world.It is the largest and most well-known provider of tutor services internationally and has been operating for 25 years.Emily and Sarah have been matched since March xx.Emily is a 10-year-old girl who has experienced some difficulties being accepted by her schoolmates at school.I was pretty sure there was something wrong with me.Emilys mum came across Big Brothers Big Sisters and thought it would be of benefit to Emily by providing different feedback(反馈)about herself other than just relying on schoolmates to measure her self-worth.Sarah wanted to get involved in a volunteer program.I googled it and found out how to be a part of it.I thought it would be fun for me to get involved in making time to do something because sometimes its all work and no play.Big Brothers Big Sisters has been of great benefit and enjoyment to both Emily and Sarah.They love and look forward to their time together and the partnership has certainly helped Emily be more fortable in being the wonderful,happy and unique girl she is!1.What is the aim of Big Brothers Big Sisters?()A.To offer students public services.B.To help students improve their grades.C.To organize sport activities for young people.D.To provide partnership and fun for young people.2.A volunteer is usually expected to work within a year for at least .A.24 hoursB.36 hoursC.48 hoursD.72 hours3.According to Emilys mother,this program may provide Emily with .A.advice from her teachersB.a new way to assess herselfC.a new way to judge her schoolmatesD.more ments from her schoolmates4.Why did Sarah want to get involved in the program?()A.She used to be a volunteer.B.She needed a part-time job.C.She felt a bit bored with her life.D.She wanted to get a challenging job.5.According to the passage,“vulnerable young people” are probably those who are .A.popular at schoolB.rather weak physicallyC.easily hurt emotionallyD.confident in themselves语篇解读:本文为说明文,属于社会生活类。文章介绍了一项针对青少年心理问题而开展的志愿者活动。答案及剖析:1.D事实细节题。根据第一段第二句“It is a program which provides friendship and fun.”可知,该活动的目的是给年轻人提供友谊和乐趣。2.B事实细节题。根据第三段第一句“.spend between one and four hours together three or four times each month for at least twelve months.”可知,志愿者一年内的工作时间至少为:1312=36(小时)。3.B事实细节题。根据第六段内容可知,Emily的妈妈希望通过这个活动,可以让Emily获得其他不同的自我评价方式,而非仅仅从同学那里获取自我评价的来源。4.C事实细节题。根据倒数第二段中“I googled.because sometimes its all work and no play”可知,Sarah厌烦了平时只有工作而无娱乐的生活,想要通过参加这一活动获得乐趣。5.C猜测词义题。根据第五段对Emily的介绍可知,她很难被同学们接受,再根据全文最后一句可知,这一活动有助于Emily成为一个美好、快乐、独一无二的女孩。由此判断vulnerable young people在这里指那些情感脆弱的青少年。【长难句子分析】 这是一个通过将情感脆弱的青少年(717岁)与成人志愿者相配合以提供友谊和乐趣的活动,这些成人志愿者既能扮演榜样的角色又能成为支持他们的朋友。本句含两个限制性定语从句,其中“which provides friendship and fun by matching vulnerable young people (ages 7-17) with a volunteer adult who can be both a role model and a supportive friend.”修饰先行词a program;在此定语从句中,又含另外一个定语从句,即“who can be both a role model and a supportive friend”,修饰先行词a volunteer adult。阅读理解。阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (A、B、C和D) 中, 选出最佳选项。These are some ideas that some people came up with about what the life will be like in the year 2500：We will have established a base on the moon.School kids can take field trips to the moon weekly.We will have found cures(疗法)for AIDS and cancer.The war will have ended and peace flows freely through the land.Kids will learn more and be smarter than ever before! History will be the main subject at school.Cafeteria(自助餐厅)food will be delicious! You just walk up to a machine，stick out your tongue，and it will scan your taste buds(味蕾)to see what you want to eat.KristenHere I am in the wonderful year of 2500 and life is so easy.I work in a pet store and it is so hard! I have to wake up at midnight every day and fly my ear to the store.It takes so long to get there.It takes me 20 seconds to get to the store in Mississippi from my home in Florida! At work，I have to push 5 buttons and then I go home.It takes 2 seconds and that is like forever.MorganIn the year 2500，I think we will have invented cars that run on things we dont need like garbage.Tail gas will smell like whatever you like such as chocolate.I also predict that buildings will be able to go into a different dimension(维)so your car wont hit them.The cars in 2500 dont fly，for we havent got that technology yet，but they can hover(盘旋)up to seven feet.These cars are made for speed! CarlyInstead of cars，we may have hovering devices that float around.We could also have electric cars instead of gas powered cars.Food might be more healthy.What I believe is that the environment will change the most. The environmental changes will also determine many other changes.If more people try to help the environment，then perhaps in 2500 we will have more forests and wildlife.If people wont help the environment，then we will have no forests and little wildlife left Roberta1According to Kristen，what will happen in 2500?AEnglish will be the main subject at school.BStudents can go to the moon every week.CCafeteria will replace other restaurants.DAIDS and cancer will disappear.答案：B细节理解题。根据文章中Kristen所说的话School kids can take field trips to the moon weekly.可知，B为正确选项。2The underlined word“scan”in the text could be replaced by“_”Achange BtreatCexamine Dimprove答案：C猜测词义题。根据画线单词所在的句子中的“你只需要走到一台机器跟前，伸出你的舌头，然后机器就会判断出你想吃什么”可以推断出，机器通过仔细查看你的味蕾才能判断出你想吃什么。3Morgan thinks his work in the pet store is_.Adifficult BmeaninglessCimportant Deasy答案：D推理判断题。文章中Morgan对他工作的具体描述使用的是反语，他真实的意思是“这份工作太轻松了”。他的第一句话也是对该意思的提示，故选D项。4Who mainly tells the reader of the cars in 2500? AKristen. BMorgan.CCarly. DRoberta.答案：C段落大意题。根据文章中Carly所说的那段话可知，他主要谈到的是2500年的汽车，包括汽车的燃料、废气及功能等，故选C项。阅读理解。阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (A、B、C和D) 中, 选出最佳选项。Tang poetry is so excellent and of such a large sum that it is a precious cultural heritage of Chinese civilization in ancient time.It appeals so many people all over the world that more and more Tang poems have been translated into other languages，mostly into English.Nevertheless，since the translatability of poetry has been the most controversial(引起争论的)issue in the translation circle，whether a Tang poem is translatable or not is now still in debate.An American poet Robert Frost ever said，“Poetry is what gets lost in translation.”In this sense，something in Tang poetry will get lost after being translated into English.Here es the untranslatability(不可翻译)of Tang poems in English translation.Tang poetry is the harmonious unity of beautiful sound，wellbalanced form and implicit sense so that it is very difficult to translate them into other languages satisfactorily.English is intonation(语调)language while Chinese is tone language so that they are dissimilar in sound；English spelling words are alphabetic writing while Chinese square characters are ideographic(表意文字)so that they are dissimilar in form；English was born and develops in western cultural background while Chinese in oriental so that they are dissimilar in sense.Based on the differences above，a conclusion is made naturally in the article that in the process of translating Tang poems into English，there is some untranslatability，namely，sound untranslatability，form untranslatability and sense untranslatability.In fact，the study on the untranslatability of Tang poetry still has a great room for development，as it remains an unsolved problem.In this case，however，talking about the untranslatability of Tang poems in English translation is not against the translation work of Tang poems but for the better translations of them.1By the passage we can know that_.ATang poetry is a kind of new culture existing in ChinaB. Tang poetry is part of precious cultural heritage of Chinese civilizationCTang poetry cant be translated into EnglishDTang poetry can only be accepted by people from China答案：B根据文章第一段第一句话.it is a precious cultural heritage of Chinese civilization in ancient time可知，唐诗是中国古代文明的珍贵的文化遗产，是中华文化的组成部分。2The features of Tang poetry different from other languages are the following EXCEPT_.Abeautiful sound Brich wordsCabundant form Dextensive sense答案：B根据文章第二段内容中所提到的与英语不同的特点有sound，form和sense，文章中没有提到word。故答案选B项。3Chinese is tone language while English is_.Aintonation languageBtone languageCalphabetic writingDideographic language答案：A根据文章第二段第五句话English is intonation language while Chinese is tone language可知，汉语是语音文字而英语则是语调文字。故答案选A项。4The attitude towards translating Tang poetry into other languages is_.Aappositive BfavorableCironic Dpassive答案：B根据文章最后一句话talking about the untranslatability of Tang poems in English translation is not against the translation work of Tang poems but for the better translations of them.可知，作者的态度是赞成的。阅读理解。阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (A、B、C和D) 中, 选出最佳选项。When he thought of the past，my grandfather would sometimes show us photographs of himself at school.They were brown and faded，and it was hard to believe that the blurred figure of the little boy in the short trousers and socks could ever have been Grandfather.Besides，he wore a capand the boys in the photographs wore caps pulled so far forward that half of their faces were obscured.When Grandfather asked us to pick him out from the group，we would surely point to the wrong boy.On one such occasion my younger sister，aged six，burst into tears when Grandfather proudly guided her finger to the right boy.“How could that boy be you？”she cried.“He should have a heard.”We were，of course，all convinced that grandfathers should have beards，preferably white and bushy，like our own grandfathers.“I was a good scholar，”Grandfather would say，wagging his beard over the photographs.“I should have been top of the class if I hadnt had to get up at six every morning to milk the cows and chop the wood，and again when I came home from school.”“But Saturdays? What did you do on Saturdays？”“Saturdays，if it was fine，Id be out all day in the fields with the men，”replied Grandfather. “And if it was wet，Id be helping my mother with odd jobs round the house.There wasnt much time for studying.”We all tried hard to imagine what it would have been like to have been Grandfather getting up at crack of dawn and never，obviously，having a moment for himself.It seemed we had learnt something from what Grandfather had said about his childhood.1In the first paragraph of this passage，what the author really tells us is that_.A. his grandfather used to wear short trousers，socks and a cap as wellBit was difficult to tell which of the boys in the photographs was GrandfatherChe didnt believe Grandfather wore a cap pulled forward when he was at schoolDit was fun to watch boys in the photographs wearing caps pulled forward答案：B细节判断题，可用直接就题找题法来解。第一段最后一句：When Grandfather asked us to pick him out from the group，we would surely point to the wrong boy.此句表明答案为B。2The authors sister burst into tears because_.A. she did not get a chance to pick out Grandfather in the photographsBshe was told which was the right boy before she herself could pick him outCother children did not agree with her that Grandfather should have had a beardDshe found Grandfather in the photographs did not have a beard答案：D细节判断题，可用直接就题找题法来解。由短文第二段第二句：“How could that boy be you？”she cried.“He should have a beard.”可以推断，小女孩接受不了爷爷没有胡子的事实。3When Grandfather said，“I should have been top of the class.”，be meant_.A. if he had had more time for studying，he would have been the best in his classBhe should have spent more time studying rather than playing ball gamesChis school days should not have been so hard and miserableDhe could have never been the best student even if he had studied still harder答案：A推理判断题，可用逻辑推断法来解。该句为虚拟语气，表明如果他不需要每天起早干活，他的成绩一定会是班上最好的。4In the last paragraph the author said，“We all tried hard to imagine.”because_.A. the figures of the boys in the photographs were small and blurredBthe children had never experienced life like that of GrandfatherCthe photographs Grandfather showed them were brown and fadedDGrandfather failed to tell them about his childhood in detail答案：B推理判断题，可用逻辑推断法来解。认真分析思考可以发现，作者身处现在较优越的生活环境中真难以想象爷爷当初会那么辛苦。