2019-2020年高考英语一轮复习 Unit 2 English around the world素材 新人教版必修1.doc

2019-2020年高考英语一轮复习 Unit 2 English around the world素材 新人教版必修1话题词汇1absorb v吸引；使全神贯注2accumulate v积累；积聚3consult v咨询；商量4correction n改正5dictation n听写6fluent adj.流利的；流畅的7grasp v抓住；掌握8bear sth.in mind记住(某事)9enlarge ones vocabulary 扩大词汇量10have difficulty/trouble in doing sth.在方面有困难经典语篇(xx四川)假如你是李夏。你看到美国留学生Sharon在网上发帖，希望有人能帮助她提高普通话(Mandarin)水平，她可以教英语作为回报。请根据以下提示用英语给她写一封电子邮件。1表达给她提供帮助的意愿；2说明你能胜任辅导的理由；3给出讲好普通话的两点建议；4提出你学习英语的具体需求。注意：1.词数120左右，开头与结尾已为你写好；2可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。Hi，Sharon，This is Li Xia.I learned from your post that you want to improve your Mandarin. Li Xia佳作欣赏Hi，Sharon，This is Li Xia.I learned from your post that you want to improve your Mandarin.I am quite interested in it.I think Im fit for it.As a student，I have been learning Mandarin for many years.In addition，I am Chinese，which means Mandarin is a must for me to municate with others in my daily life. So Im quite confident that I can help you learn Mandarin.Learning Mandarin takes time， so if you want to learn it well，you should spend much time practicing Mandarin every day.As the saying goes，practice makes perfect.Besides，you can also read some books in Chinese，see some Chinese films and listen to some Chinese radio programmes.Speaking and listening are very important for language learning，by which you are sure to make great progress.In your post，you say you can teach English as a reward.It is just what I want.Im eager to improve my English.So，if you allow me to help you learn Mandarin，you can also help me improve my English.We can contact each other by video chat every night for half an hour in English and half an hour in Chinese，so that we can improve our oral speaking.Hope for your early reply!Li Xia思维发散1将第句改为并列句In addition，I am Chinese，and this means Mandarin is a must for me to municate with others in my daily life.2仿照第句用动名词短语作主语完成句子挑选衣服真的是一件难事，因为你喜欢的衣服并不总是适合你。Choosing clothes is really a difficult job，because the clothes you like are not always suitable for you.3仿照第句用“介词关系代词”引导的定语从句翻译句子他写了许多儿童读物，几乎有一半是在二十世纪九十年代出版的。(xx重庆，14)He wrote many childrens books，nearly half of which were published in the 1990s.4将第句改为简单句We can contact each other by video chat every night for half an hour in English and half an hour in Chinese so as to/in order to improve our oral speaking.重点单词A写作单词1native (adj.)本国的；本地的；(n.)本国人；本地人2actually (adv.)事实上；实际上3base (vt.)以为根据；n.基部；基础；基地4latter (adj.)较后的；(两者中)后者的；后半的5mand (n.& vt.)命令；指令；掌握6request (n.& vt.)请求；要求7expression (n.)词语；表示；表达8recognize (vt.)辨认出；承认；公认9straight (adv.)直接；挺直；(adj.)直的；笔直的；正直的10gradual (adj.)逐渐的；逐步的gradually (adv.)逐渐地；逐步地B阅读单词11official (adj.)官方的；正式的；公务的12voyage (n.)航行；航海13identity (n.)本身；本体；身份14accent (n.)口音；腔调；重音15block (n.)街区；块；木块；石块16lightning (n.)闪电17cab (n.)出租车18vocabulary (n.)词汇；词汇量；词表19spelling (n.)拼写；拼法20elevator (n.)电梯；升降机21apartment (n.)公寓住宅；单元住宅22usage (n.)使用；用法；词语惯用法23African (adj.)非洲的；非洲人的；非洲语言的24Spanish (adj.)西班牙的；西班牙人的；西班牙语的；(n.)西班牙人；西班牙语25fluent (adj.)流利的；流畅的fluently (adv.)流利地；流畅地26frequent (adj.)频繁的；常见的frequently (adv.)常常；频繁地27eastern (adj.)东方的；东部的southeastern (adj.)东南方的；来自东南的northwestern (adj.)西北方的；来自西北的midwestern (adj.)中西部的；有中西部特性的.重点短语1because of由于，因为2e up走近；上来；提出3at present目前，现在4make use of利用；使用5such as例如；像这种的6play a part (in)扮演一个角色；参与7believe it or not信不信由你8even though/if即便，即使.经典句式1Native English speakers can understand each other even if they dont speak the same kind of English.以英语作为母语的人，即使他们所讲的语言不尽相同，也可以相互理解。2It was based more on German than the English we speak at present.当时的英语更多的是以德语为基础，而我们今天所说的英语不是。3Believe it or not，there is no such thing as standard English.信不信由你，(世界上)没有什么标准英语。4This is because in the early days of radio，those who reported the news were expected to speak excellent English.这是因为在广播发展的早期，播报新闻的人应该说出色的英语。5However，on TV and the radio you will hear differences in the way people speak.然而，从电视或广播中你可以听出人们说话方式的不同。.课文语法填空At the end of the 16th century，English was only spoken by people from England.They were native speakers.Today，the largest number of people 1.speaking(speak) English may be in China.A lot of Chinese people speak English 2.as their foreign language.3The English language 4.has changed(change) quite a lot over the last centuries.Old English sounded more like German for it 5.was based(base) on German，but modern English sounds 6.more(much) like French than German 7.because those who ruled England spoke French.Two people had great effects 8.on the English changes.9.One was Smamel Johnson，who wrote his dictionary；the other was Noah Webster，who wrote The American Dictionary of the English Language，10.which gave American English its own identity.1. base vt.以为据点(或总部等)；把(总部等)设在(use.as the main place)；以为基础；n.根基，基底；底座(the lowest part)；根据，出发点；基础应试指导过去分词句法功能的考查(1)base.on/upon.把建立在上；以为根据be based on/upon以为根据(基础)(2)basis n.原因，缘由；基准，准则；方式；基础on the basis of在基础上 (1)The research group produced two reports based on the survey，but neither contained any useful suggestions.(xx福建)这个研究组发布了以这个调查为基础的两个报道，但是都没有有用的建议。(2)Our next meeting will be on the basis of this agenda.下次会议将以本议程为中心议题。多维训练(1)单句语法填空Basing(base) an important decision more on emotion than on reason，you will regret it sooner or later.Based(base) on my own opinion，this one is far better than that one.(2)同义句改写The restaurant is based on trust，and it is working all right.(改为含有定语从句的复合句)The restaurant，which is based on trust，is working all right.The restaurant，which is working all right，is based on trust.(3)单句改错This song is based an old folk song.based后加on2mand v.命令(order)；博得；拥有；指挥(be in charge of)；n.命令；掌握(control)；运用能力应试指导虚拟语气的考查(1)mand sb.to do sth.命令某人做某事mand that.(should) do.命令(2)at ones mand听某人支配take mand of指挥；控制have a good mand of 掌握；精通in mand of掌管；掌握 (1)The police arrived and took mand of the situation.警察到达后就控制了局势。(2)Much as he confirms he has a good mand of English，he sometimes feels it hard to find an appropriate version for some Chinese idioms.虽然他承认自己掌握了英语，但有时他感到为一些汉语习语找到合适的英语翻译很难。多维训练(1)单句语法填空I am here at the presidents mand.They are in mand of the present situation. (2)一句多译他命令我们马上出发。He manded that we (should) set off at once.(mand that.)He manded us to set off at once.(mand复合宾语)3. request vt.& n.要求；请求(ask；ask for)应试指导虚拟语气的考查(1)request sb.to do sth.请求某人做某事request sth.from sb.向某人要求某物request that.(should) do.要求(2)at ones requestat the request of sb.应某人的要求 (1)You are kindly requested not to smoke.请不要吸烟。(2)He requested a loan from a bank yesterday.昨天他向银行申请了贷款。特别提醒动词request后的宾语从句以及名词request后的表语从句、同位语从句都要用虚拟语气，即谓语动词为“(should)动词原形”。多维训练同义句改写(1)We requested Mr.Wang not to smoke in the office.We requested that Mr.Wang (should) not smoke in the office.(2)It is requested that all the club members attend the annual meeting.All the club members are requested to attend the annual meeting.(3)He requested that he should be transferred to another department.He was transferred to another department at his own request.4. at present(at the present time)现在；目前应试指导at present作为高级词汇替换nowpresent adj.存在的；目前的；在场的；v.授予；提出；提交；n.礼物；目前(1)be present at出席(2)present sth.to sb.present sb.with sth.向某人赠送某物(3)make a present of sth.to sb.make sb.a present of sth.把某物赠送给某人for the presentfor the time being目前；暂时(1)At present I do not have information on the meeting you asked about.至于是否有你提到的会议，我现在还没有这方面的消息。(2)Wang Hua，our monitor，presented her with the prepared flowers.班长王华向她献上了准备好的鲜花。图解助记特别提醒present作前置定语时意为“目前的”；作后置定语时，意为“出席的，在场的”。多维训练(1)单句语法填空The mayor presented him with a gold medal at an official city reception.We were present at the concert while Tom was absent from it.I will leave the matter as it stands for the present.(2)一句多译他们向学院赠送了一笔款项以纪念他们的儿子。They presented a sum of money to the college in memory of their son.(present vto)They presented the college with a sum of money in memory of their son.(present vwith)They made the college a present of a sum of money in memory of their son./They made a present of a sum of money to the college in memory of their son.(present n)5. make use of利用；使用(use，especially to get an advantage)make the best/most of充分利用make full/good use of充分/好好利用e into use开始使用bring/put.to use加以使用Its/Theres no use doing.做没用。 (1)Last but not least，its everyones responsibility to make good use of water.最后但同样重要的是，充分利用水资源是我们每个人的责任。(2)I usually memorize twenty new words a day and put them to use whenever possible.我通常每天记20个生词，然后尽可能地使用它们。多维训练(1)单句语法填空Your time should be made full use of to exercise(exercise)The new bridge will e into use next month.My mother always told us there is no use crying(cry) over spoiled milk.(2)用同位语从句合并下列两个句子He can make good use of every chance to improve himself.His success lies in this.His success lies in the fact that he can make good use of every chance to improve himself.6. separate v.把分开；分隔；adj.分开的；单独的；独立的 多维训练单句语法填空(1)I can separate cream from milk.(2)The two cities are separated by a highway.(3)Divide the cake into halves.(4)Taiwan is part of China.But it is a separate island.Its separated from the mainland by Taiwan Strait.(separate)7. recognize v.认识；辨认出(make out)；意识到；承认(admit)；赏识，表彰；向打招呼(salute to) 多维训练(1)单句语法填空Being recognized in public has brought her much trouble，so she is always wearing dark glasses to avoid recognition.(recognize)Everyone recognized him as the lawful heir(法定继承人)(2)同义句改写It is recognized that environmental pollution has bee one of the most serious problems that people face.(用sth.be recognized to.改写)Environmental pollution is recognized to have bee one of the most serious problems that people face.(3)单句改错Deeply sorry，I dont recognize you at first，for it has been a long time since we last met.dontdidnt8. e up走近(e over)；上来；发生(happen)；出现(appear)；被提出/讨论(be mentioned)；长出地面，发芽；(太阳、月亮)升起；被提出多维训练写出下列句子中e up的汉语意思(1)The snowdrops(雪花莲) are just beginning to e up.长出地面；发芽(2)We watched the sun e up.(太阳)升起(3)Im afraid something urgent has e up；I wont be able to see you tonight.发生；出现(4)The question is bound to e up at the meeting.被提出(5)One of the teachers came up and started talking to me.走近9. play a part (in)扮演一个角色；参与多维训练(1)单句语法填空Whoever plays with fire will get burnt.Good health is key if older people are to remain independent and to play a part in family life.Dont play a joke on people you dont know.(2)翻译句子而且，我能够学一些学习技巧和方法，这些技巧和方法在我的学习过程中起着重要作用。Besides/In addition/Whats more，I can learn some learning skills and methods，which play an important part in my study process.10. Native English speakers can understand each other even if they dont speak the same kind of English.,以英语为母语的人，即使他们所讲的语言不尽相同，也可以相互理解。句型公式：.even if.(1)even if/though即使，尽管，引导让步状语从句，在从句中常用一般现在时代替将来时。在主从句主语相同时也可采用省略句结构。(2)even so即使如此；尽管这样。 (1)Even if one makes a mistake，correcting it in time is a good thing.即使一个人犯了错，及时改正就是一件好事。(2)Its raining.Even so，we must set off.天在下雨。尽管如此，我们还是要出发。多维训练(1)单句语法填空Ill go there even if the weather is(be) bad tomorrow.Even though the forest park is far away，a lot of tourists visit it every year.(2)补全句子中的省略成分He wont e to our party even if invited.He wont e to our party even if he is invited.11. It was based more on German than the English we speak at present.当时的英语更多的是以德语为基础，而我们今天所说的英语不是。句型公式：more.than.more.than.与其说，倒不如说more than多于；不仅仅；非常；岂止not more than不多于no more than仅仅no比较级than.前者和后者都不(两者的否定)less.than.比少，不如多；与其不如(1)Dont be too hard on him；hes more misled than stupid.不要对他太苛刻，与其说他愚蠢，倒不如说他是被误导了。(2)His whole school education added up to no more than one year.他所受的全部学校教育加起来只有一年。多维训练(1)篮子里至多有15个鸡蛋。There are not more than fifteen eggs in the basket.(2)同义句改写He is very happy at the good news.(用more than改写)He is more than happy at the good news.Neither he nor you are diligent.(用no more.than.改写)He is no more diligent than you.He is more clever than diligent.(用less.than.改写)He is less diligent than clever.语境填词1When an ant finds food，it produces a pheromone(外激素) that will lead others straight(直接地) to where the food is.(xx安徽)2In its early history，Chicago had floods frequently(经常)，especially in the spring，making the streets so muddy that people，horses，and carts got stuck.(xx湖南)3He gave himself a new name to hide his identity(身份) when he went to carry out the secret task.(xx湖北)4The girl used to be shy，but is gradually(逐渐地) getting active in group work and is more willing to express herself.(xx湖北)5He told the town officials(官员) that they should speak for the citizens.(xx湖南).单句语法填空1We should make full use of time to study(study)(xx广东)2TV doesnt take the place of reading for most children；it takes the place of similar sorts of recreation，such as listening(listen) to the radio and playing(play) sports.(xx广东)3I would also like to know how he felt in space and whether space travel is such great fun as I have read.(xx安徽)4Items like Tshirts that allow volunteers to be recognized(recognize) publicly for their contributions can help strengthen role identity.(xx江苏)5The lessons they learned may not be different from what they would have gotten in school.(xx全国)6Once people begin to volunteer，what leads them to remain in their positions over time？(xx江苏)7“Its such a nice place.” Mother said as she sat at the table reserved(reserve) for customers.(xx浙江)8The robot doesnt just deliver general answers to questions；it responds based(base) on what it learns about each individual in the household.(xx天津)9The number of smokers，as is reported，has dropped(drop) by 17 percent in just one year.(xx江苏)10The professor would actually(actual) like to see you and answer your questions.(xx浙江).短语填空1By mentioning the Swiss study，the author intends to tell us that ewaste deserves to be made use of.(xx江苏)2Electronic devices contain valuable metals such as gold and silver.(xx江苏)3Students are increasingly using laptops for notetaking because of speed and legibility(清晰度)(xx辽宁)4No matter how ordinary a job is，it plays a part in society and therefore deserves our due respect.(xx广东)5I planted some lily(百合花) seeds in the yard.But they failed to e up.(xx重庆)6At present there are over five hundred map projects being developed in 54 countries.(xx重庆).完成句子1如今家用机器人做正常的家务活，而社交机器人却更像同伴而不只是单纯的工具。While household robots today do the normal housework，social robots will be much more like panions than mere tools.(xx天津)2大多数情况下，那是因为这些人只是不喜欢他们正在做的工作。In most cases，it is because these people simply do not enjoy the job they are doing.(xx广东)3无论花费多少他们都要把孩子送去上大学，即使那意味着会欠一屁股债。They will send kids to college whatever it takes，even if that means a huge amount of debt.(xx山东)4一切都有代价；世界上没有免费的午餐。Everything es with a price；there is no such thing as a free lunch in the world.(xx重庆)5毫无疑问，我们利用记忆的方式正在变化。There is no doubt that the way we use memory is changing.(xx安徽)写作素材(关于英语)1目前，英语在我们的生活中起着重要作用。2我们应充分利用每一次机会来练习英语，这样我们就能逐渐扩大词汇量并能流利地讲英语。3如果你掌握好英语，对你将来的发展是有好处的。提示：黑体部分用本单元词汇表达，并且请使用so that引导的目的状语从句和if引导的条件状语从句。连句成篇(将以上句子连成一篇50词左右的英语短文)At present，English plays an important part in our daily life.We should make full use of every opportunity to practise English so that we can gradually enrich our vocabulary and speak English fluently.If you have a good mand of English，it is good for your future development.