2019-2020年中考英语第二轮复习专项训练：选词填空.doc

2019-2020年中考英语第二轮复习专项训练：选词填空要求学生利用所给的词汇(一般有名词、代词、动词、形容词、副词、数词、冠词、介词和连词等)补全一篇有空缺的短文。要攻克这一难关，学生除了要进行大量的课外阅读，积累丰富的语言知识外，还需掌握一定的解题技巧。 1、在拿到题目后，不要急于看文章，首先对备选的词汇研究几遍，对词性作简单的标记，例如：名词-n.，动词-v.，形容词-a.，副词-ad. 等等。同时对词义作初步的理解。 2、通读全文，语义完整、适用、合乎逻辑是做好填词的前提。通过上、下文的句子，充分理解短文的内容，注意发现固定搭配关系，凭借语感积极主动地猜测空格中所缺的信息，根据需要去备选词汇中寻找匹配的答案。 3、在选定单词后，不要轻率地填入。在填词过程中，需要瞻前顾后，既要符合本句的含义，又要保证句式结构的正确。当你选定一个名词时，要考虑是否要把它变成复数或“所有格”形式。例如：match-matches, friend-friends/friends。其他还要考虑名词是否需要变成形容词，例如sun-sunny, use/useful/useless/used, danger-dangerous；在遇到动词时，要有意识地去考虑时态和语态的变化以及非谓语动词形式的变化(动词不定式- to do, 现在分词-doing, 过去分词-done, 固定搭配-enjoy doing sth./used to do sth./have sth. done)；形容词和副词填空时要主动去判定是否需要变成比较级或最高级，还有它们之间的相互转换以及形容词变名词的需求也需考虑，例如：interesting-more /the most interesting, happy-happily, happy-happiness; 填入代词时，需注意辨别主格、宾格、名词性和形容词性物主代词或反身代词的用法；数词方面要注意基数词和序数词的变化以及分数和虚实数的用法，例如：three-third, 2/3-two thirds, one thousand/thousands of ；冠词只需要在 a或an之间判别，如a girl/an old man; 当遇到介词和连词时，就更简单，只要符合上下文逻辑或固定短语搭配，填入即可。为了方便记忆，试着记住下面的顺口溜：空前空后要注意，“名词”单复数要牢记，还有 s 不能弃，“动词”注意要变形，“形副”注意要用三种级，要填“数词”请留意，千万别忘 “基” 和“序”，填入“代词”需慎重，五格变化要谨记。 4、完成填词后，应通读全文，复核校对。检查单词拼写是否正确，是否有时态、语态、惯用法及词语选用上的错误，以确保答案的正确性。最后把答案填入答卷时，切勿错位。选词填空主要是完形填空题和所给词的形式填空，做这类题，有些是固定搭配，有的是固定句式，还有的是联系上下文猜测代词所指的内容和生 词的含义，你必须知道每个词的意思，从句意和语法两方面 思考界定。还有一些是易混淆的近义词组，务必弄清楚各个词组的含义，否则就只能碰运气了。根据平时的观察，学生在做英语的“选词填空”时，遭遇较多困难，有的甚至条件反射一样畏惧或厌烦。在此，我把平时积累的解题技巧和训练技巧略作归纳，希望能给有需要的学生朋友提供一点帮助。选词填空1well, soft, second, better, may, strongly, afraid, sand, stay up, if, now, houseWe cant stop an earthquake(地震), but we can do things to make sure they dont destroy(毁坏) whole cities. First, it is not a 1 idea to build houses along lines where 2 of the earths plates(板块) join together. Second, if you think there 3 be an earthquake, it is better to build houses on rocks , not on 4 . Third, you must make the houses as 5 as possible. Weak buildings will fall down in an earthquake, but strong ones may 6 Scientists are 7 that one day an even bigger earthquake will hit the part around San Francisco(旧金山) . They call it The Big One . However, people today are still building more 8 . The population in and around San Francisco is 9 ten times more than it was in 1906. This means that 10 there is another earthquake, a great many houses and buildings will be destroyed.1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 选词填空2forget, bring，mend，beside，luck，pick，same，differently, I, every, stop, each Mr. Brown had an umbrella shop in a small town. People sometimes 1 him broken umbrellas, and then he took them to a big shop in London. They were 2 there.One day Mr. Brown went to London by train. He 3 to take an umbrella with him that day. Sitting in front of him was a man with an umbrella standing 4 the seat. When the train arrived in London, Mr. Brown 5 up the umbrella as he often did during his journey by train. Just as he was getting off, he was 6 by the man. He said angrily, Thats 7 ! Mr. Brown s face turned red and he gave it back to the man at once.When Mr. Brown got to the big shop, the shopkeeper had got his six umbrellas ready. After a good look at 8 of them, he said, Youve mended them very well.In the afternoon he got into the train again. The 9 man was in the same seat. He looked at Mr. Brown and his six umbrellas, Youve had a 10 day, he said.1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 选词填空3before, discover, fast, in, e, watch , so, fast it, ago , shine, not canLight travels at a speed(速度) which is about a million times 1 than that of sound. 2 one second, light travels about 300,000 kilometers, but sound travels only 340 meters. You can get some idea of this difference by 3 the start of a running match. If you stand far away from the starter(发令员), you can see smoke 4 from his gun 5 the sound reaches your ears.The fast speed of light produces some strange facts. The nearest star is 6 far away that light which you can see from it tonight started to travel to you four years 7 at a speed of nearly two million kilometers every minute. The light from some of tonights started on 8 journey towards you even before you were born.So, if we want to be honest(诚实), we 9 say , The stars are shining brightly tonight. We have to say, The stars look nice. They were 10 four years ago but their light has just reached our earth. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 选词填空4other, move, enough, find ,desert, make, use , another, friend , carry , trouble, friend You may think there is nothing but sand in the desert of the world, but it is not true. In the desert we can 1 stones. We can see hills, too. There is a little rain in the 2 , but it is not 3 for most plants.The animals are 4 to the desert people in many ways. The desert people eat the meat and drink the milk of the animals. They use their skins to 5 shoes, water bags and even tents(帐篷). They use the camels(骆驼) for 6 things.The people of the desert have to keep 7 from places to place. They must always look for grass or desert plants for their animals. They usually live in the tents. When there is mo more food for their animals, they take down their tents, put them on the camels and move to 8 place. The desert people are very 9 . No man in the desert would ever refuse to help the people in 10 and give them food and water.1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 选词填空5how, they ,winter, summer, spend, care , dance , take, show , open , only, goodThe world of the out-of doors is full of secrets. And 1 are so interesting that quite a lot of people are busy studying them. All around us are birds, animals, trees and flowers. The facts about 2 they live and grow are as interesting as anything could be.Do you know that one of the great presidents of the United States 3 hours and hours studying birds? A businessman who lives near New York City became so interested in insects(昆虫) that he began to collect them. He now has more than one thousand different kinds 4 kept in the glass boxes.e then with me, and I will help you find some of Natures secrets. Let us go quietly through the woods and fields. Here we shall find how a rabbit tells the other rabbits that there is danger. We shall follow a mother bear and her young ones as they search for food and get ready for 5 sleep. We shall watch bees 6 in the air to let other bees know where they can find food. I will 7 you many other interesting things, but the 8 thing that I can teach you is to keep your eyes and ears 9 when you go out of doors. Nature tells her secrets 10 to people who look and listen carefully.1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 选词填空6two, sudden, cold, teach, in surprise, French, hot, beard, photo, office, passport, ChinaMr. Hill arrives at London Airport, at the end of a three-week holiday in 1 Usually he wears a beard(蓄着胡须). Since it has been 2 there, he has taken it off (剃掉). But his passport photo shows him with his 3 .An officer looks at the 4 for a moment, and says，Will you excuse me? Please sit down. I shant keep you long. With this, he walks away, shows the photo to a second 5 , and says: I know that face. The second officer looks at the 6 and asks where Mr. Hill has e from. When he hears that Mr. Hill has arrived back from Paris, the 7 officer smiles and says: An Englishman with a beard stole a painting in Paris on Friday, And that man looks just the kind of man.8 it es to the first officer who Mr. Hill is. He returns to him, and asks: Did you9 at the No.2. High School? When Mr. Hill answers, 10 , that he did, the first officer smiles and says: I thought so. Im Jack Smith. You taught me French. You havent changed a bit.选词填空7other, move, enough, find, desert, make, use, another, friend, carry, trouble, friendThomas Edison was a great American 1 . When he was a child, he was always 2 questions and trying out new ideas. No matter 3 hard it was, he never gave up.Young Tom was in school for only three months. His teacher didnt understand why he had 4 many strange questions. Most of them were not about his lessons. The teacher didnt want to teach Tom any 5 . He asked Toms mother to take the boy home. Toms mother taught him to read and write, and she found him 6 a very good pupil. He learnt very fast and became very 7 in science.One day , he saw a little boy 8 on the railway tracks at a station. A train was ing near quickly, and the boy was too frightened to move. Edison rushed out and carried the boy to 9 . The boys father was so 10 that he taught Edison to send messages by telegraph.选词填空8as, sleep ,dream, like, again, about, think, must, wake up, quick, much ,whyDreams (梦 ) may be more important than sleep. We all need to dream, some scientists say.Dreams take up about one quarter of our 1 time. People have several2 each night. Dreams are like short films. They are usually in color. Some dreams are 3 old films. They e to us over and over 4 . That may be because the dreamer is worrying about something. Dreaming may be a way of trying to find an answer.Some people get new ideas 5 their work from dreams. They may have been 6 about their work all day. These thoughts can carry over into dreams.Sometimes we 7 with a good feeling from a dream. But often we cant remember the dream. Dreams can disappear (消失) 8 from memory (记忆).Too much dreaming can be harmful (有害的). The 9 we sleep, the longer we dream. The mind is hard at work when we dream. That is 10 we may have a long sleep and still wake up tired.1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 选词填空9see, looked for, hunt, dog, kill, wolf, die, tear, remind, back, his, rememberMore than seven hundred years ago, the Prince of Wales had a very big and brave dog called Gelert.One day the Prince wanted to go 1 with his men. He told his 2 to stay at home and look after his baby son. The baby was in a wooden cradle (摇篮), which was like a small bed.When the Prince came back from hunting, Gelert ran out to meet his master. He wagged his tail and jumped up to put his paws （前爪）on the Princes chest. Then the Prince saw the blood on Gelerts jaws and head.What have you done? the Prince said. He rushed into his house and 3 his baby son. The cradle was lying on its side on the floor. The clothes were torn and there was blood on them.So you have killed my son? the Prince said angrily. You unfaithful dog! He took out his sword（剑）and 4 the dog. Just as Gelert was 5 , he managed to bark. Then the Prince heard a baby call to the dog.The Prince ran out of the house and saw his son lying on the ground unhurt. Near him was a dead 6 . Then the Prince knew that Gelert had defended（保卫） the baby and killed the wolf.The Prince ran 7 into the house but he was too late. Gelert was dead. The Prince was very sad indeed. 8 ran down his face when he realized he had killed 9 faithful friend. The Prince carried the body of his brave dog to the top of a mountain and buried him there. After this, the Prince never smiled again. Every morning at dawn, he walked up the mountain and stood by the dogs grave for a few minutes.If you go to Mount Snowdown in Wales, people will show you where Gelert is buried. There is a sign by his grave. It 10 people of a brave and faithful dog.1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 选词填空10know, both, sad, happen, friend, but, different, happy, picture, they, though, one Bella and Fiona were classmates last year. But this year they are in 1 classes. Bella is in Class A and Fiona is in Class B. On the 2 day of this term, Bella looked around Class A. She 3 few of the children. She was very 4 there. So she missed Fiona very much.In the art class, Bella sat alone in the classroom. She started painting a summer 5 . Then a child named John came and sat next to her. John told Bella about his summer vacation. 6 both painted pretty summer pictures. Bella started feeling better. At the end of the art class they became good 7 . On that day, the same thing 8 to Fiona, too.Bellas drove to their school to pick them up in the evening. Fiona and Bella were very happy to see each other. “ 9 we are not in the same classroom, we can still see each other,” Bella said.Bella and Fiona talked and laughed on the way home. They 10 made new friends at school. But they wanted to keep their old friendship, too.1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 选词填空11well, soft, second, better, may, strongly, afraid, sand, stay up, if, now, house We cant stop an earthquake(地震), but we can do things to make sure they dont destroy(毁坏) whole cities. First, it is not a 1 idea to build houses along lines where 2 of the earths plates(板块) join together. Second, if you think there 3 be an earthquake, it is better to build houses on rocks , not on 4 . Third, you must make the houses as 5 as possible. Weak buildings will fall down in an earthquake, but strong ones may 6 . Scientists are 7 that one day an even bigger earthquake will hit the part around San Francisco(旧金山) . They call it “ The Big One ”. However, people today are still building more 8 . The population in and around San Francisco is 9 ten times more than it was in 1906. This means that 10 there is another earthquake, a great many houses and buildings will be destroyed.1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 选词填空12much, arm, wait, see, when, spend, she, worry, have, growOnly Mother Love is true love. It gives everybody everything all his life. _1_you are still a baby, mother takes good care of you as much as possible. In your waking hours she always holds you in her 2. When you are ill, she stops her work right now to look after you day and night and forgets about 3 . When you are 4 up day by day, she feels very happy. When you are old enough to go to school, mother still looks after you all the time. On cold winter days, she always tells you to put on 5 clothes . She always stands in the wind 6 for you back from school. When you hurry to leave home for school with little breakfast, she always feels 7 about you at home. She usually knows about your study and 8 much money on your school things. When you do well at school, the brightest smile will be 9 on her face.Mother is always ready to give everything she 10 to her children, not to receive . What true love that is in the world! We will remember Mother Love for ever. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 选词填空13good, what, e, dress, important, parent, hold, nothing, how, necessaryNow lots of parents will buy everything that their children wan 1 to have. If they go on with the habit, their children wont know the money 1 from hard work.Some parents like to 2 birthday parties for their children. If they keep on doing this, their children will think it 3 for them to enjoy birthday parties every year. Year after year, maybe they will forget their 4 birthdays and only remember their own. It is against traditional habits.Many parents dont let the children do housework. They think children have only one thing to do. They should study hard and do 5 in their lessons. If parents go on doing this, the children will only learn to open their mouths to be fed and stretch out (伸出) their arms to be 6 every day. When the children grow up, they will be able to do 7 , and they wont even find a job. Parents should teach the children 8 to do housework because it can help them start good habits of working by themselves.1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 选词填空14stay, hope, rainy, change, outside, snow, with, go, place, muchIt is well known that the English go out with an umbrella or a raincoat. Why? Because the weather in Britain often 1 quickly. It is not very usual for the same kind of weather to 2 long.Spring can be 3 or windy. The weather is getting warmer and you can 4 for more sunny days.In fact, there can be as 5 unshine in spring as in summer. Summer is the time for visitors to go to the seaside and other 6 of interest. The weather can be sunny and nice. People often 7 out to have a walk or swim. During fall it is still nice to be 8 , too. Fall is a beautiful season 9 trees in the woods and parks changing color. In winter, it gets colder. It might 10 , especially on high land and in the north. There are also very high winds in this season.1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 选词填空15dirty, have, always, time, they, want, speak, lesson, first, drop After a quick breakfast, I went into the lecture hall in a hurryA famous teacher was 1 tothe studentsHe was holding up a $100 billThen he said to the three hundred students，“Who would like this $1 00 bill?” The students put up 2 hands at onceThen he said，“I am going to give this $100 bill to one of you，but 3 ，let me do this”He made the bill into a ballThen he said. “Who 4 it now?” The hands went back into the air“Well,” he said，“what if I do this?” and he 5 it on the floor and stepped on itHe picked up the 6 bill and said“Who still wants it?” Hands went back again into the air“My friends,” he said，“you have learned a valuable(有价值的) 7 todayMany 8 in our life，we are dropped and stepped onWe feel as if we are worth nothingBut remember, no matter what 9 happened to you，you will never lose your value：You are 10 valuable to those people who love youYour value doesnt e from what you do or whom you know, but who you are1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 选词填空16angry, well, song, also, relax, think, clean, when, finger, medicineI am a doctor. People often e to see me because they have colds or coughs. People 1 e to see me because they are sad or nervous. Sometimes 2 helps. Sometimes talking helps. But many doctors 3 that music can help people feel better. I asked a few of my patients(病人) how music helps them.“Sometimes I was 4 when I was a child. My family said, Play your feelings on the piano! Sometimes I play a loud 5 on the piano. Soon I feel calm(平静的). I can laugh and cry through my 6 on the piano. Its natural for me. Its like breathing(呼吸).”“Listening to music helps me feel 7 . I like to listen to music and dance when I 8 my house.”“I play the violin. I like playing at night 9 it is quiet. After playing I am tired and I am happy. I always sleep 10 after playing my violin.”Are you a musician? Good! Keep playing. If you are not a musician, listen to music and sing or