2019-2020年中考英语二轮专题复习材料--语法专题十一 主谓一致.doc

2019-2020年中考英语二轮专题复习材料-语法专题十一 主谓一致一就近原则出现几个主语时，谓语动词的人称单复数须和最近的主语保持一致。 二意义一致原则主语形式是单数，但意义为复数，谓语动词根据意义要用复数；反之主语形式为复数，但意义为单数，谓语动词也用单数。如表示一笔钱，一段时间，一定重量时，这些单位虽是复数形式，但谓语动词是单数形式。 三语法一致一个句子的主语是单数时，谓语动词也应是单数形式，主语是复数，谓语动词也用复数形式。细则如下：1. 由并列结构或连词（eitheror， neithernor，notbut， not onlybut also， or等）连接的并列主语，谓语动词与较近的那个名词或代词保持一致。Neither his parents nor Tom_(be) at home.2. 在倒装句和there be句型中，谓语动词与后面的第一个主语保持一致。There _(be) a book and some pens on the desk. There _(e) the bus. 3. 在定语从句中，关系代词作主语，其谓语动词应与它所指代的先行词保持一致。I know the man who_(be) talking to my father.4. 在强调句中，连接代词又在句中作主语，这时它应与被强调的主语保持一致。It is Marys brother who_(be) injured in the car accident yesterday.5. 从句、不定式、动名词等作主语时谓语动词用单数。When to leave _(be) not been decided.Watching TV too much _(be) bad for your eyes.When to leave _(be) not been decided.Watching TV too much _(be) bad for your eyes.注：如果主语是两个(或两个以上)的名词性从句，谓语动词常用复数。What he said and what he did _(be) always different last night . 由“what”引导的名词性从句作主语时，谓语动词通常用单数形式。What I want to say _(be) just “ Take care!”.6.“+ (of) +名词”作主语时，若“of”后的名词为单数（不可数名词），则谓语动词用单数，如果名词为复数，则谓语动词用复数，如： half of, some of, any of, a lot of, lots of, plenty of, a quarter of, a third of, 30% of。Most of the water here _(be) clean.80% cotton _have) been sent to America.80%Half of the apples _(be) red.7. 词组“a number of”作主语时，谓语动词应用复数；“the number of”作主语时，谓语动词用单数。A number of ancient buildings _ (be) destroyed in the war.The number of the visitors _ (have) decreased this year. 5. 英语的集体名词（family, public, group, team, class等词），指代“整体”时为单数；指代“其中的各成员”则为复数。My family _(be) very poor when I was a little girlMy family _(be) all looking forward for your ing. 8. every +.and every +.或each+and each +作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。Every man and every woman _(be) busy at working.9. 英语句中的each， either， neither等词，作代词充当主语，修饰名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数。Neither of us _(have) been abroad. Neither answer _(be) wrong .10. 由some, any every, no构成的复合词（somebody，nobody，everything，anything等）作主语时，谓语动词用单数。Somebody _(be)waiting for you at the school gate.11. 成双成对出现的复数名词（glasses，shoes，trousers，pants，gloves等）作主语时，通常谓语动词用复数，但前面有a /the pair of；a /the suit of等词语时，则谓语动词要与量词（pair, suit, piece ）在单复数上保持一致。A pair of scissors_(be) useful tool for a dressmaker.Two pieces of paper _(be ) on the desk .12. 以复数形式出现，却表示单数意义（maths, physics, news ）谓语用单数。Maths_(be) my favorite subject.13.“the +形容词（old /young /rich /poor ）”表示“一类人”，作主语时，谓语用复数。 The young _(like) listening to popular songs .14.“the +姓氏的复数” 表示“某某夫妇，某某一家人”，作主语时，谓语用复数。 The Greens _(be)having lunch now.15. 当主语与谓语动词之间插入along with，with，as well as，together with， besides，except， but， including等短语时 ，谓语动词与第一个主语保持一致。I along with my sister_(be) going to Shanghai next month. 16. 表示时间、距离、金额、度量等词语作主语时，通常被视作整体，谓语动词用单数。10 minutes is enough.17.加减乘除等数学运算谓语动词通常用单数。2 and 3 _5. 18.“the +姓氏名词的复数”表示“一家人、.夫妇”，作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。The Blacks _(enjoy) working in China.19由and连接的两个单数名词作主语时，一般用复数形式，但and所连接的并列主语是同一个人，事物，或概念时，谓语动词用单数。这两种情况区分如下：a/the+单数名词+and+单数名词，指的是同一个人或物；a/the+单数名词+and+a/the+单数名词，指两个人或物。The writer and teacher ing. 那位作家兼教师来了。(作家和教师指同一个人) The writer and the teacher ing. 作家和老师来了。(作家和老师是两个人) 练习与巩固：熟能生巧，取得好成绩！( )1There_ be a fashion show in our town tomorrow.Aare going to B. will have C. has D. is going to( )2Doing exercise _ good for your health.A.be B. am C. is D. are( )3 Neither he nor I_ from Canada. We are from Australia.A.is B. are C. am D. be( )3. A number of tourists _ Yangzhou many times because it is such a beautiful city.A.have been to B. has been to C. has gone to D. have gone to( )4Now the number of Chinese people _ working Africa more than one million.A.is B. are C. was D. were ( )5. Not only my friends but also I _ interested in football and Messi is our favorite star.A.be B. am C. is D. are( )6. Everyone except Tom and John _there when the meeting began.A.are B. is C. were D. was( )7. Neither Kate nor her cousins _ to America, but _ of them have known the country very well.A.have been; all B. have gone; both C. has been; all( )8 There _a dictionary and two pens on the desk.A.am B. is C. are( )9.Maths _my favourite subject, what about you?Physics_. I think its very interestingA.is：is B. are; are C. are；is( )10. In our school library there _ a number of books on science, and in these years the number of them _ growing larger and larger.A.are; is B. is; are C. have; are D. has; is( )11 Neither my sister nor I _ been to America before.A.have ever B. have never C. has ever D. has never.( )12 Neither of the books_ interesting. I wont buy of them_.A.is; either B. are; neither C. is; any( )13 There _still some apple juice in the fridge. Its not necessary for us to go to the supermarket now.A.was B. were C. is D. are( )14 How time flies! Well graduate. Three years really_ short time.A.was B. are C. is( )15.Do you think there _ robots in Peoples homes in the future?A.will be B. will is C. be will( )16 There_ some milk, two apples and a bottle of juice in the fridge.A.is B. are C. have( )17 Nobody except Tom and Mary _in the classroom. The students are watching the basketball game on the playground now.A.am B. is C. are( )18 I called you at 5:00 yesterday afternoon, but no one answered.Sorry, I with my parents _ at that time.A. was shopping B. were shopping C. are shopping D. went shopping