2019-2020年中考英语专题复习：介词和介词短语.doc

2019-2020年中考英语专题复习：介词和介词短语一、表示时间的介词1. in （1）用在世纪、年份、季节、月份、不特定的上、下午和晚上等词的前面。如：in the twentieth century 在20世纪；in xx 在xx年；in winter 在冬天；in the morning/afternoon/evening 在上午/下午/晚上。（2）表示“在 ”之后，后面接一段时间，多用于将来时。如：We are going to Shanghai _ two days.2. at （1）用在表示钟点、中午、夜晚和拂晓的词前面。如： at five oclock 在五点；at noon 在中午； at night 在夜晚。（2）用在一些固定短语中。如：at the beginning of. 在的开始；at the end of 在.的结尾; at the same time 同时；at the age of 在岁时；at times 有时。3On(1) 表示在具体的某一天的上、下午。如：on the morning of August 8 在八月八号的上午；on a cold morning 在一个寒冷的早上。（2）表示在具体的某一天。如： on July 16,xx 在xx年7月16日。（3）用在星期、节日前。如： on Monday 在星期一；on Teachers Day 在教师节。小结：at 强调“点”； in 强调“段”；on 强调“日”。4By表示“在之前，到.时”的结构为“by+时间点”，常与完成时连用。如：How many English words had you learned by the end of last term?5. for “for+一段时间”常与含延续性动词的完成时连用。如：I have had the book for a long time.6. since “Since +时间点”，“Since +时间段+ ago”也常与完成时态连用。 7DuringDuring 意为 “在.期间”，后面接名词、代词、动名词，用于某一特定的时间段，表示时间上的延续。二、表示地点的介词1At (1) 用于小地点前面。如：在门口 ; 在公共汽车站 ;(2) 用于门牌号前面。 如：他住在南京路20号。 2. in(1) 用于较大的地点前，如城市、国家、洲等。如：他住在北京。 (2) 表示“包含”。如：北京在中国的北部。 (3) 表示“在排、行、组”。如：我们在一组。 3On(1) 表示在的上面（有接触面）。如：这本书在桌子上。 (2) 表示“紧邻”。如： 加拿大位于美国的北部。 (3)在左边 在右边 (4) 用于路名前。如： 他住在南京路。 4. to(1) 表示“没接触，不包含”。如：日本位于中国的东面。 (2) 表示要到达的目的地。如：你将坐火车去天津吗？ 5. over 表示垂直悬空的上下关系，“在正上方”。如：那条河上方有桥吗？ 6. underUnder 是over 的反义词，“在正下方”。如：他们正在树下站着呢。 7. above-below 表示“高于/低于.”如：请不要在这条线下面写东西。 8. across：从一边到另一边through：从空间的内部穿过去past：从旁边经过She went the street to do some shopping.The sunlight was ing in the window.三表示其他意义的介词1. of, from Be made of 由制成，看的出原材料 Be made from 由制成，看不出原材料2. in in 后接材料、语言、颜色等。Can you speak English? Do you know the girl who is blue coat?3. with, by, on (1) with 表示“用（具体的）工具”，如： with a pen 用钢笔；也可表示“带有，具有”如:长发女孩 （2）by 表示“用，靠，通过的方法”。He goes to school bus. (3) 在电话上交谈 4. between, among Between表示“在两者之间”。 among表示“在三者以及三者以上的多者之间”。 Dont sit your parents.5. besides, exceptbesides 表示“除之外还有（包括在内）”。Except 表示“除之外还有（不包括在内）”。We are all Chinese Tom in our class.四、练习在家 在学校 立刻 在晚上 在.的尽头 在.的开始 到达 擅长 对.有害处 习惯于 对某人严格 对某物严格 忙于某事 迟到 生某人的气 对.感兴趣 与.不同 以为骄傲 依靠 最后 及时 事实上 寻找 照顾 嘲笑 与.交朋友 收到的信关上 等待 中考真题1Mary, put on your coat, youll catch a cold.A. and B. or C. so D. but (xx滨州)2. It is reported that a lot of adults take lessons online further education. A. after B. to C. with D. for （xx江苏盐城）3. -Maybe you should call him up. - But I dont want to talk with him the phone.A. on B. at C. in D. with （xx济宁）4. If you read a lot, your life will be full pleasure.A. by B. of C. for D. with （xx莱芜）5. -When did the terrible earthquake happen in Yaan Sichuan? - It happened 8:02 the morning of April 20th, xx.A. on; in B. at; on C. at; in D. on; on (xx潍坊)强化训练填空1I read a book about science Sunday morning.2. They had problems walking the forest.3. Theres no secret you and me.4. We all went to the beach Kate yesterday.5. There will be a sports meeting two weeks.6. Alan bought a big house a nice garden.7. You can improve your English reading more.8. We all stood up the same time.9. Their desks are made wood.10. Taiwan is the southeast of China.11. Theres a big smile her face.12. We are looking forward winning the match.13. Its very kind you to help me.14. I borrowed some money my friend.完形填空I have had thousands of classes since I started school nine years ago. But only one _1_ was the most important. It happened last term just after I had got a _2_ result in an exam. I was sad and had lost my confidence. I decided to go to a class which can tell me how to be _3_.The speaker walked into the room. But he did not start talking _4_ a teacher. Instead, he held up a twenty yuan note(钞票)!“Who wants this?” he asked. Unsurprisingly, _5_ of us in the class held up our hands. The speaker smiled. Then he put up the note on the blackboard and asked the same question. Again, we all put up our hands. The speaker smiled again, but _6_nothing suddenly, he threw the note onto the floor! Then he asked the same _7_ a third time.I didnt _8_ what the speaker was doing. Why was he asking the same question again and again? I didnt know what to do. I wanted the note, _9_ I put my hand up again. After a while, he _10_ the note and started to laugh. “you have all just told me how to bee successful,” _11_ said to us with the note in his hand.“The note is worth twenty yuan. It is _12_ worth twenty yuan, even though I throw it on the floor. You are like the note. No matter _13_ happens to you, you still have your worth.”When I heard those words, I was deeply moved. Suddenly, I _14_ I was worth a lot. I may have done badly in an exam, but it doesnt _15_ I cant do well in the future. If I believe in myself, I will be successful!1. A. classroom B. subject C. class D. school2. A. same B. good C. lucky D. bad3. A. fortable B. successful C. famous d. rich4. A. like B. for C. about D. by5. A. both B. neither C. all D. none6. A. said B. bought C. saw D. wanted7. A. student B. teacher C. question D. way8. A. remember B. understand C. notice D. find9. A. so B. though C. if D. or10. A. took out B. threw away C. picked up D. put down11. A. you B. he C. she D. they12. A. never B. sometimes C. hardly D. always13. A. when B. who C. what D. how14. A. realized B. forgot C. dreamed D. decided15. A. know B. mean C. think D. plain