2019-2020年高考英语二轮复习 阅读理解精练（4）.doc

2019-2020年高考英语二轮复习 阅读理解精练（4）社会生活型阅读理解 专题导读社会生活型阅读文章在高考中的出现频率较高。它涉及人们衣、食、住、行等方面的社会万象、生活经历、饮食与健康、休闲与娱乐、生态旅游等内容。这类文章同学们读起来感觉轻松，试题做起来也比较得心应手。在高考阅读理解题中，这类文章属搭配类材料，所以，它的命题多数属于中低等难度的送分题，如事实细节题、计算题、识图题等。此类文章的命题多以事实细节题为主。做题时，要先从题干中找到关键性词语，然后快速在文章中寻找相关细节，细心比较所给选项与文中细节的区别，在准确理解了细节的前提下，最终确定最佳答案。真题典例【xx广东卷】ln the animal kingdom, weakness can bring about aggression in other animals.This sometimes happens with humans also.But I have found that my weakness brings out the kindness in people.I see it every day when people hold doors for me, pour cream into my coffee, or help me to put on my coat.And I have discovered that it makes them happy.From my wheelchair experience, I see the best in people, but sometimes I feel sad because those who appear independent miss the kindness I see daily.They dont get to see this soft side of others.Often, we try every waypossible to avoid showing our weakness, which includes a lot of pretending.But only when we stop pretending were brave or strong do we allow people to show the kindness thats in them.Last month, when I was driving home on a busy highway, I began to feel unwell and drove more slowly than usual.People behind me began to get impatient and angry, with some speeding up alongside me, horning (按喇叭) or even shouting at me.At that moment，I decided to do something I had never done in twentyfour years of driving.I put on the car flashlights and drove on at a really low speed.No more angry shouts and no more horns!When I put on my flashlights, I was saying to the other drivers, “I have a problem here.I am weak and doing the best I can.” And everyone understood.Several times, I saw drivers who wanted to pass.They couldnt get around me because of the stream of passing traffic.But instead of getting impatient and angry, they waited, knowing the driver in front of them was in some way weak.Sometimes situations call for us to act strong and brave even when we dont feel that way.But those are few and far between.More often, it would be better if we dont pretend we feel strong when we feel weak or pretend that were brave when were scared.()1.The author has discovered that people will feel happy when _.Athey offer their helpBthey receive others helpCthey feel others kindnessDthey show their weakness()2.The author feels sad sometimes because _.Ahe has a soft heartBhe relies much on othersCsome people pretend to be kindDsome people fail to see the kindness in others()3.What did the other drivers do when they saw the flashlights?AThey speeded up to pass.BThey waited with patience.CThey tried their best to help.DThey put on their flashlights too.()4.In this passage, the author advises us to _.Ahandle problems by ourselvesBaccept help from othersCadmit our weaknessDshow our bravery()5.Which of the following is the best title of this passage?AA Wheelchair Experience.BWeakness and Kindness.CWeakness and Strength.DA Driving Experience.【解析】本文是一篇议论文。在动物王国弱势会被侵略，在人类社会有时也是如此。但作者认为弱势能显现出人们的善良，并使提供帮助和被帮助的人都感到幸福。作者以自己的经历向人们阐述了弱势与善良的关系。1A细节理解题。根据第一段中的“I have found that my weakness brings out the kindness in people.”可知我的弱势显现出人们的善良，又由“I have discovered that it makes them happy”可知帮助别人能使他们感到幸福。故选A。2D细节理解题。根据第二段中的“sometimes I feel sad because those who appear independent miss the kindness I see daily. They dont get to see this soft side of others.”可知选D。3B细节理解题。根据第五段中的“When I put on my flashlights.But instead of getting impatient and angry, they waited, knowing the driver in front of them was in some way weak.”可知选B。4C主旨要义题。作者以自己的亲身经历向人们阐述了：有时承认自己的弱势会给人们带来好处，承认弱势能改善人们之间的关系，使自己得到更多的帮助，让人们看到人性的善良。故选C。5B标题归纳题。由第一段“my weakness brings out the kindness in people”及文章大意可知。史地常识型阅读理解(二)More than 200 scientists have pleted a twoyear study to identify the most natural and undeveloped areas on Earth.Their findings are reported in a new book called Wilderness：Earths Last Wild Places.The book describes 37 wilderness areas around the world.Each has an area greater than 10,000 square kilometers.The study considered only areas where at least 70% of all plants are native.North and South America are home to the largest number of wilderness areas.There are 16 such areas, from southern Argentina to Alaska and northern Canada.Africa has 8 wilderness areas, including thethick forests and the grasslands.Australia and New Guinea (几内亚) share 6 areas.Europe has 3 areas and Asia has 2.The Arabian Desert and Antarctica also are considered wilderness areas.The largest wilderness area is the Boreal Forest (北方森林)It extends for 16million square kilometers south of the Arctic Circle.The Boreal Forest extends across Alaska, Canada, northern Europe and Russia.The smallest of the 37 wilderness areas is the Sundarbans.It is the worlds largest tidal mangrove forest (红树林)It covers 10,000 square kilometers of land at the mouth of the Ganges River in India and Bangladesh (孟加拉国)The study found that wilderness areas cover about 46% of the Earths land surface.However, they are home to less than 2.5% of the worlds population.Nineteen of the wilderness areas have only about one person for each square kilometer.Native people usually live in these areas.Wilderness areas help to influence the worlds weather systems and rainfall.They are also home to many plants and animals.Population growth and the spread of agriculture and mining operations threaten wilderness areas.But just 7% of all such areas have some form of official protection.()1.What does the author think of the wilderness areas around the world in the book?APrimitive. BPermanent.CPrecious. DPerfect.()2.The writer describes the wilderness areas to show that they _.Aare worth the public supportBcan attract readers attentionCneed to be stressed as resourcesDare seen on every continent()3.According to the 4th paragraph, we can draw a conclusion that the 37 wilderness areas are _.Adeserted BcrowdedCuncontrolled Dundeveloped()4.As the result of the effect on nature, the wilderness areas on Earth should be _.Athought more of by the governmentsBexplored as natural habitats very soonCfurther made full use of at presentDdiscovered for their advantages of nature()5.The purpose of writing this text is to tell us _of the wilderness areas around the world.Athe importanceBthe situationCthe developmentDthe environment【解析】 本文为说明文。介绍荒野之地的基本分布及其意义。1C观点态度题。根据文章最后两段所介绍的“wilderness areas”的作用(人类居住、动植物的家园、影响气候与降雨)可推断作者认为“wilderness areas”是“珍贵的”，故选C。2C逻辑推理题。全文介绍完了荒野之地在世界上的大致分布情况之后，指出它们是动植物的家园，也影响气候与降雨，由此可判断作者认为它们应该被作为一种资源去重视，从而得到保护，故选C。3D逻辑推理题。根据第四段“Nineteen of the wilderness areas have only about one person for each square kilometer.”可判断选D。4A逻辑推理题。根据最后一段“Population growth and the spread of agriculture and mining operations threaten wilderness areas.But just 7% of all such areas have some form of official protection.”可判断选A。5B主旨大意题。根据全文重点介绍“wilderness areas”在世界上的主要分布情况及目前的状况，可判断选B。科普知识（阅读理解）由 (xx青岛高三统一质量检测) 改编Going on a date can be a nightmare for the best of us.But now a pair of social X-Ray glasses promises to tell you exactly what the other person is thinking-and when you should stop talking.The glasses have a built-in camera which monitors the other persons facial expressions and matches them up with 24 known features which convey emotions.It will then tell the individual via an earpiece and lights on the glasses what their date is thinking.In a traffic light-style system,a red light means negative,yellow means they are a bit interested and green means your date is happy.The glasses are under development at present by researchers at the Massachusetts Institute of Technologys Media Lab.They say that wearing them during a conversation with another person is like having an extra sensethat they are bored or losing interest.The eyewear was developed for people suffering from autism (孤独症) who have much difficulty interacting with others,but now the team behind it has seen wider applications.It works thanks to a camera the size of a grain of rice which is put into the glasses frame and connected via a wire to a small puter which can be attached to the users body.The camera monitors how long and how often 24 feature pointsappear on the subjects face which are then analyzed by software developed by the MIT team.This data is then pared with a bank of expressions and the puter tells the wearer what is going on via the earpiece and the traffic light system.So far the glasses are still a job in progress and have been accurate just 64 percent of the time,a figure which is expected to improve with further tests.1.The passage mainly tells us that .A.going on a date can be a nightmare for the best of usB.scientists are showing more and more concern to people suffering from autismC.the glasses will be more and more popularD.the scientists are working on a new type of glasses to help people going on a date2.Which of the following is true according to the passage?()A.The glasses were initially intended for helping people going on a date.B.The glasses are widely used and have achieved great success.C.The built-in camera in the glasses is of great importance.D.People wearing the glasses are sure to have a good date.3.The underlined word “interacting” in Paragraph 4 can be replaced by .AmunicatingB.reactingC.affectingD.acting4.Which is right according to Paragraph 2?()A.Red=negativeyellow=neutralgreen=positiveB.Red=positiveyellow=neutralgreen=negativeC.Red=neutralyellow=positivegreen=negativeD.Red=negativeyellow=positivegreen=neutral5.The passage is probably from .A.a guide bookB.an autobiography bookC.a leafletD.a scientific report语篇解读:约会对我们来说有可能如一场噩梦,但是,现在美国麻省理工学院媒体实验室正在研发一种X光眼镜,它将能够准确窥寻对方的心思,让你在约会时有额外的“感官”,知道该怎样去做。答案及剖析:1.D主旨大意题。由全文可知,美国麻省理工学院媒体实验室正在研发一种X光眼镜,在约会时它将能够准确窥寻对方的心思,知道该怎样交谈。选项D全面概括此意。2.C推理判断题。由第四段的It works thanks to a camera the size of a grain of rice which is put into the glasses frame and connected via a wire to a small puter which can be attached to the users body可知,该眼镜工作原理主要在于其内置的微型摄像机,因此可推断其重要性所在。3.A词义猜测题。由The eyewear was developed for people suffering from autism (孤独症) who have much difficulty interacting with others,可知孤独症患者通常为与他人交流沟通有困难者,结合句意可知interacting是“沟通、交流”之意,故选A项。4.A细节理解题。由文章第二段的.a red light means negative,yellow means they are a bit interested and green means your date is happy可知A正确。5.D推理判断题。本文讲述的是美国麻省理工学院媒体实验室正在研发一种X光眼镜,属科技方面的知识,因此本文应出自科技报告类,故选D项。【疑难词汇解读】1.application n.申请,应用Students learned the practical application of the theory they had learned in the classroom.学生们学会了将课堂上学到的理论付诸实际应用。2.in progress 进行中The construction of a new teaching building is in progress.一座新的教学楼正在建造中。【长难句子分析】 它是由嵌入眼镜架中如米粒大小的摄像机,通过导线与一台依附到使用者身体上的小型电脑连接而工作的。