2019-2020年高三英语学法指导与语法难点一人教版.doc

2019-2020年高三英语学法指导与语法难点一人教版一 高考英语试题的主要特点如果你想在高考中取得好成绩，总复习确有成效，你就必须对高考试题的主要特点有一个清楚的了解。 试题的基本难度不变xx年的英语试题在题型，难度，测试范围，及区分度上都将与前几年一致，因为无论全国试题或地方自命试题都是按考试大纲命制的。随着新教材的使用和新课标的执行，过三四年后高考肯定会有大的变化，但xx年不会。这就使高三师生在备考时有了明确的方向。想了解高考吗？请读读考试大纲和xx年至xx年的高考试题吧。重视实际使用英语能力的考核。现在的高考主要考查语言运用，即在实际生活中听说读写的能力。 换句话说，如果你的听力好，阅读强，写作也不错那在xx年的英语高考中就能拿一个高分。如果你只知道一些语法知识的细枝末节，而听、读、写都没怎么练，那你在高考中肯定是英雄无用武之地，分数上不去。突出语篇的作用，在活的情景中考查。所谓突出语篇的作用，即通过语篇考查听、读、写的能力，而不是孤立地、无上下文的单句式的考查。4.考英语还要考思维能力和综合文化素质英语卷不仅仅在考英语，几乎每一个试题都渗透着对观察、分析、记忆、想象，推理，判断和综合能力的测试，以及对学生全面文化素质的考查。试卷中主要试题都是在对话和短文中进行考核的，都有具体的语境，都需要分析，推测和概括。所以，只会死背句型，不善推理判断，记忆不准确，知识面又窄，这样的学生在高考面前就会显得力不从心。5阅读理解能力是重点检查的能力高考对英语听说读写诸项能力的测试并非均衡对待，而是按照教学大纲的要求，突出了对阅读能力的测试。这不仅表现在阅读理解题在试卷中占的比重最大（40分），还表现在阅读能力是决定听力，完形填空、书面表达、单项填空等题型答题效果的最基本的能力。强调对阅读的检测也符合中国人学习英语的规律。阅读是目前中国人学习英语的主要方式，阅读又是获取较综合，较复杂，较深刻信息的手段，突出考察阅读能力是完全正确的。 6强调基础知识和基本技能的掌握。高考作为一种选拔性的考试，虽然有难题，但主要考的仍是基础知识和基本技能。基础的东西掌握好了，才可能把试卷中的中低档的题做对，也才有可能攻克由诸项基础知识综合而成的难题。 高考成绩的高低，主要取决于基础知识和基本技能的掌握。那种在总复习中一味追求难题、怪题，而忽视基础知识的落实与基本技能训练的作法，实在是与高考命题主导思想背道而弛。 二 语法知识易错点本部分共85条，对中国学生在英语语法方面容易产生错误或混淆的地方作了有针对性的提示，而不是系统地讲解语法知识，这对学生抓住要点重点是有帮助的。1. 名词变复数的特殊形式child-children, foot-feet, man-men, mouse-mice, stomach-stomachs, tooth-teeth, woman-women, sheep-sheep,deer-deer, Chinese-Chinese, a man doctor-men doctors, a woman doctor-women doctors, looker-on-lookers-on, grown-up-grown-ups误：There are many woman teachers in my school.正：There are many women teachers in my school.2. 常考不可数名词advice, baggage, equipment, information, luggage, furniture, fun, weather, knowledge, jewelry, progress误：What a fine weather it is!正：What fine weather it is!3. 可数不可数均可，但意思不同experience 经历（可数）；经验（不可数）room 房间（可数）；空间（不可数）exercise 练习（可数）；锻炼、运动（不可数）误：Visiting the Great Wall is unforgettable experience to me.正：Visiting the Great Wall is an unforgettable experience to me.4. 只能修饰可数名词的有： few, a few, many, a great/good many, a large number of误：There is a large number of water in the hole.正：There is a great deal of water in the hole.5. 只能修饰不可数名词的有：little, a little, much, a large amount of, a great/good deal of误：There are a great deal of people living there.正：There are a good many people living there.6. 可数不可数都可修饰的有：a lot of, lots of, plenty of, a large quantity of, large quantities of, 如：There are plenty of trees along the river.There is a large quantity of snow on the top of the mountain.7. 只有复数形式的名词有：trousers, clothes, socks, shorts, goods, thanks, congratulations, belongings误：A pair of trousers are hanging over there.正：A pair of trousers is hanging over there.8. 复数形式，单数意思的有：plastics, news, politics, physics, mathematics误：The news are exciting.正：The news is exciting. 9. 复合名词的复数形式。girl friends, boy students, women teachers, men workers, passers-by, go-betweens, grown-ups误：Therere many boys students in my class.正：Therere many boy students in my class.10. 名词做主语，谓语动词用复数police, cattle, clothes, goods误：Cattle sells well at that market.正：Cattle sell well at that market. 11. 几个应该特殊注意的名词。people (民族，人); village (村庄，村民)；man(男人，人类)，youth (年轻人，青年男子，青春)误：The Chinese are peace-loving people.正：The Chinese are a peace-loving people.12. 名词所有格1) 形式 s, of Toms living room, teachers office, teachers room, a friend of mine, John and Mary school, Johns and Marys schools2) s适用范围 有生命的物体、时间、距离、国家、城市、机构等误：This is the mountains picture.正：This is a picture of the mountain.误：John and Marys schools are beautiful.正：Johns and Marys schools are beautiful. 3) 不能被s所替换的所有格形式：the city of Beijing, at the age of 20, the experience of the old, the struggle of the poor13. 必须加the的有以下几种情况。 1) 特指某（些）人或某（些）物；I have a pen. The pen is lost.2) 谈话双方所共知的共指的物体；Look at the blackboard.3) 序数词，形容词最高级前；She is the best student in my class.4) 世界上独一无二的物体；The earth moves around the sun.5) 表方位的名词前；The sun rises in the east and sets in the west.6) 形容词前表一类人；The rich are not always happy.7) 乐器He is playing the piano now.8) 山脉、河流、海洋、群岛；China is on the east of the Pacific Ocean.9) same, only, very前；Its the very book Im looking for. 10) by the +计量单位；by the dozen, by the day, by the poundThe workers are paid by the hour.误：Birds fly to south in winter.正：Birds fly to the south in winter. Birds fly south in winter.14. 不用冠词的情况有以下几种。1) 表泛指的名词前；如：Do you like music?2) 三餐前；如：have breakfast, lunch, supper, dinner3) 棋类、球类运动前；Almost all the boys in my class love playing football.4) 表官衔、职位的名词前；He was made monitor of the class.5) Child as he is中的child名词前。Student as he is, he never obeys the teacher.