2019-2020年高中英语Unit1TheworldofoursensesPeriodFourProject讲义牛津译林版必修.doc

2019-2020年高中英语Unit1TheworldofoursensesPeriodFourProject讲义牛津译林版必修.单词自测1contrary adj.相反的；n.相反的事实或情况2flesh n(动物或人的)肉3jewellery n珠宝4attract vt.吸引5calm adj.镇静的，沉着的，平静的；vt.& vi.使平静，镇静6panic vi.& n惊慌，恐慌7likely adj.可能的8soldier n士兵9roll vi.& vt.卷起来，(使)滚动10loose adj.松动的，松开的；宽松的；vt.松开，释放11employ vt.使用；雇佣employer n雇主employee n雇员employment n雇佣12pass n罗盘；指南针13unlike prep.不像；与不同like (反义词)prep.像；类似.短语自测1give up放弃2result in导致，结果是3be attracted to被吸引4be likely to有可能5roll up卷起来6put into使进入，把放进7in time及时.阅读P1819课文，选出最佳答案1Which of the following statements is TRUE about sharks?AAmong nearly 400 different types of sharks, only about 30 types attack human beings.BThe most dangerous sharks are the tiger shark and the bull shark.CThe sharks attack is the leading cause of peoples death in the sea.DThe chance of being attacked by sharks is rather small pared to other dangers.答案D2Which of the following ways can help you out of the attacks from sharks?ANo swimming in the dark, especially alone at night.BThe less people, the less chances to be attacked by sharks.CWearing colourful clothing.DSwimming when you have a fresh wound.答案A3 is the way to save you out of a shark attack.ATo keep still，not to make the shark angryBTo pull aside the sharks jaws to pull yourself out its mouthCTo hit the shark on the head to drive it awayDTo hit the shark on the nose答案D4Why does an officer write a short message quickly on a small piece of paper?ABecause he wants to test his soldiers abilities of writing.BBecause he intends to practice his handwriting.CBecause he wants to get help.DBecause he tries to get a pigeon.答案C5When did they find the use of the pigeons?AIn the quiet night. BIn war.CAt home. DIn the cage.答案B.阅读P18课文完成下表，每空一词About sharksNearly 400 types of sharks.About 30 types are known to have attacked humans.Three types of 1.dangerous sharks：the great white shark，the tiger shark and the bull shark.Three types of shark attacksThe shark 2.mistakes you for a fish and attacks you，but when it tastes human flesh，it gives up.The shark 3.bites you if it thinks you are fit to be eaten.The shark waits for you to swim by，and then attacks you all of a 4.sudden.5.Advice/suggestions on how to reduce the risk of a shark attackDont swim in the 6.dark/darkness.Dont swim in the ocean if you have a fresh 7.wound.Dont wear bright clothing or jewellery.Stay in groups.What to do if a shark attack happensKeep calm.Dont get into a 8.panic.Hit the shark on the nose with your fist.9.Stick your finger in the sharks eye.10.Chances of being attacked by a sharkYou are 30 times more likely to be hit by lightning than be attacked by a shark.阅读本单元Project部分，试着以约30个词概括课文“The wonderful world of pigeons”第五段(P19，L1119)的段落大意。Pigeons have a strong sense of direction and they can fly long distances without losing their way.Because of this，since ancient times，they have been used as special messengers，especially in war.1contrary语境感悟(1)(教材P18)Contrary to what many people might assume，evidence shows that sharks seldom attack humans.可能与大多数人认为的相反，证据表明鲨鱼很少攻击人类。(2)Contrary to popular belief，the animals do not often attack humans.与普遍的看法相反的是，动物不常攻击人类。(3)Didnt you find the film exciting?On the contrary，I nearly fell asleep half way through it.你没发现这部电影很激动人心吗？正相反，我在看到一半时差点睡着了。 归纳拓展contrary adj.相反的；n.相反的事实或情况(the contrary)contrary to与相反on the contrary与此相反，正相反to the contrary与此相反的即时跟踪(1)用适当的介词填空The rain was heavy but，contrary to our fears，our fields were not flooded.It doesnt seem ugly to me.On the contrary，I think its rather beautiful.Show me some evidence to the contrary.(2)Contrary our expectations，Mr Smith couldnt get his meaning to us on how to solve this tough problem.(xx盐城中学高一期中)Awith；to Bto；acrossCto；around Dwith；across答案B解析句意为：与我们的期望相反的是，在如何解决这个棘手的问题上，史密斯先生没有把他的意思向我们解释清楚。contrary to与相反；get sth.across to sb.使某人了解某事。(3)Snowfall and low temperatures havent made the animals move hurriedly for shelter. ， they greet the snow with excitement, either enjoying the snowy landscape or tasting snowflakes.(xx盐城中学高一期中)AOn the contrary BIn conclusionCAs a whole DAside from答案A解析句意为：下雪和寒冷的天气并没有使动物们匆忙的回到巢穴。相反，他们用兴奋的心情迎接白雪，享受着下雪的风景或品尝雪花。on the contrary相反，符合句意。in conclusion总之；as a whole总的来说；aside from除以外。2attract语境感悟(1)(教材P18)Do not wear bright clothing or jewellery，because sharks are attracted to the flash of colours and bright objects.不要穿鲜亮的衣服或佩戴珠宝首饰，因为鲨鱼会被颜色或明亮物体的闪光所吸引。(2)In ancient Egypt，a shopkeeper discovered that he could attract customers to his shop simply by making changes to its environment.(xx重庆)在古埃及，一个店主发现他只需通过改变店里的环境就能吸引顾客到他店里。(3)His speech attracted the attention of the audience.他的演说吸引了听众的注意。(4)A study of British accents during the 1970s found that a voice sounding like a BBC newsreader was viewed as the most attractive voice.(xx广东)20世纪70年代的英国口音的一项研究发现，声音听起来像BBC新闻播报员的被视为最有吸引力的声音。归纳拓展(1)attract vt.吸引；引起的注意attract.to.把吸引到be attracted to /by.被吸引attract/draw ones attention吸引某人的注意(2)attraction n吸引attraction to sb.某人的吸引力(3)attractive adj.有吸引力的即时跟踪(1)This book has no attraction for me.这本书对我没有吸引力。(2)I tried to attract his attention，but failed.我尽力想引他的注意，却没有做到。(3)To be honest，the living and working environment in that city me a lot.(xx扬州中学高一期中)Aattaches BattractsCattacks Dappeals答案B解析句意为：老实说，那个城市的生活和工作环境很吸引我。attract吸引，符合句意。 attach附属，附加；attack进攻，袭击；appeal呼吁，吸引。3calm语境感悟(1)(教材P18)Keep calm.保持冷静。(2)After a day of noise，the streets are now calm.一天的喧闹后，街道现在平静了。(3)She got frightened and excited，but is much calmer now.她因受惊吓而显得激动，但现在平静多了。(4)He attempts to calm them down，only to make matters worse.他试图使他们平静下来，却适得其反。归纳拓展calm adj.镇静的，沉着的，平静的；v.(使)平静，(使)镇静calm down (人)冷静下来；(风、海)平静下来keep calm保持冷静即时跟踪(1)At last the wild wind calmed down(平静下来)(2)The mother tried to calm(尽力使平静) the frightened child.(3) My God，Im getting late again. My boss will be angry.Try to keep ，and well think of a good excuse.Astill BcalmCquiet Dalive答案B解析答句句意为：尽量镇静下来，我们会想出一个好理由。calm镇静的，与语境相符。still静止的，不动的；quiet安静的；alive活着的，均与语境不符。4panic语境感悟(1)(教材P18)Do not panic.别惊慌失措。(2)The building was on fire, and people living in it fled in panic. 那座大楼着火了，居民们惊慌失措地逃了出来。(3)The people got into a panic when the disaster occurred.灾难来临时，人们陷入一片恐慌中。(4)The war panicked many people into leaving the country.战争使得许多人惊慌失措地离开了那个国家。归纳拓展panic vi.& n.惊慌，恐慌in panic 惊慌中，惊慌失措地get into a panic 陷入恐慌中cause (a) panic 引起恐慌panic sb.into doing sth.使某人仓促行动注意：panic的过去式及分词形式先加k，再加ed或ing。即时跟踪(1)People are fleeing the area in panic.人们正惊慌失措地逃离该地区。(2)The fire caused (a) panic in the theater.火灾使剧院乱作一团。(3)When the A/H1N1 broke out in our country，many people a total panic, but before long it was brought under control.Agot into Bgot out ofCgot back Dgot down答案A解析get into a panic表示“陷入恐慌状态”。句意为：甲型H1N1流感在我国爆发时，许多人恐慌不安，但不久形势便得到了控制。5likely语境感悟(1)(教材P18)Dont be frightened by sharks：you are 30 times more likely to be hit by lightning than be attacked by a shark.不要被鲨鱼吓倒：你被雷击的可能性比被鲨鱼攻击的可能性大30倍。(2)If you find something you love doing outside of the office, youll be less likely to bring your work home. (xx全国)如果你在办公室以外发现你喜欢做的事情，你将很可能不会把工作带回家。(3)It is likely that he will succeed.他有可能成功。(4)On horseback it is possible to get quite close to elephants，giraffes and many other animals.(xx重庆)在马背上，非常接近大象，长颈鹿和许多其他动物是可能的。归纳拓展likely adj.可能的sb./sth.be likely to do.某人/某物有可能It is likely that.有可能易混辨析likely/probable/possiblelikely，probable和possible(三者)均表示“可能的”，可能性由大到小依次为probablelikelypossible。但用法不同：(1)likely的主语可以是人、物或形式主语it。(2)probable的主语用形式主语it，常用句型为：Its probable that.(3)possible的主语用形式主语it，常用句型为：Its possible that.和Its possible (for sb.) to do sth.即时跟踪(1)选词填空It is likely/possible/probable that he will go to Beijing for a meeting tomorrow.It is possible for him to go to Beijing for a meeting tomorrow.He is likely to go to Beijing for a meeting tomorrow.(2)Some studies show that people are more to suffer from back problems if they always sit in front of puter screens for long hours.(xx淮安淮阴区高一期中)Apossible BlikelyCprobable Dsure答案B解析句意为：一些研究表明，如果人们总是长时间坐在电脑屏幕面前，他们很可能会遭受背部问题。possible和probable只能用it作主语，但likely既可用在It is likely that.，也可用在Sb. is likely to do sth.的句型中。be likely to do sth.可能会做某事，be sure to do sth.一定会做某事。6employ语境感悟(1)(教材P19)During both World War and ，pigeons were employed by armies to carry messages to and from the front lines.在第一次世界大战和第二次世界大战期间，鸽子被军方用来和前线往返传递消息(2)He employed his knife as a lever.他把刀子当杠杆用。(3)The children were employed in weeding the garden.孩子们忙着给花园除草。(4)How long has she been in your employ?你雇佣她多长时间了？归纳拓展employ vt.雇用；使用；n.雇用employ.as.把用作；雇用做employ oneself in doing sth.忙于做某事be employed to do.受雇于做out of employ 失业in sb.s employin the employ of sb.受某人雇用即时跟踪(1)He employs himself in reading after work.下班以后，他把时间花在看书上。(2)John has been out of employ for a year.约翰已失业一年了。(3)The book isnt intended for general readers probably because the author too many scientific terms(术语) in it.Awrote BintroducedCanalyzed Demployed答案D解析句意为：这本书可能不是写给普通读者的，因为作者在书中使用了大量的科学术语。employ使用，符合题意。result in语境感悟(1)(教材P18)The last two types of attack more often result in the death of humans.后两种袭击更经常致人死亡。(2)Childrens fear and dislike of books may result from being made to read aloud before others.(xx浙江)孩子对书的恐惧和厌烦也许是因为他们被要求在他人面前大声朗读导致的。(3)According to Sparrow，we are not being people with poor memories as a result of the Internet.(xx安徽)据Sparrow所说，我们并不是因为互联网而成为记忆力差的人(4)He made one big mistake，and，as a result，lost his job.他犯了个大错，结果丢了工作。归纳拓展result in造成；导致result from因而发生as a result of因为，由于as a result结果即时跟踪(1)一句多译那个年轻人由于粗心驾驶而丧生了。The young man was killed as a result of too careless driving.The young man drove too carelessly，and，as a result，he was killed.Too careless driving resulted in the young mans death.The young mans death resulted from too careless driving.(2)The falling of the new building its soft base, causing one death and over twenty injuries.(xx东台创新高中高一月考)Aresulted in Bsuffered fromCled to Dresulted from答案D解析句意为：新大楼的倒塌是由于它的根基比较软，导致了一人死亡，二十多人受伤。result from由于，符合句意。result in导致；suffer from遭受；lead to导致。1倍数表达法语境感悟(1)(教材P18)Dont be frightened by sharks：you are 30 times more likely to be hit by lightning than be attacked by a shark.不要被鲨鱼吓倒：你被雷击的可能性比被鲨鱼攻击的可能性大30倍。(2)His father is twice as old as he.他父亲的年纪有他两倍大。(3)This table is three times as big as that one.This table is three times the size of that one.This table is twice bigger than that one.这张桌子是那张桌子的3倍大。归纳拓展倍数表达法结构：(1)倍数形容词或副词的比较级than(2)倍数the size/length/weight.of(3)倍数as形容词或副词的原级as即时跟踪(1)This tree is three times as tall as that one.这棵树是那棵树的三倍高。(2)The Yangtze River is almost twice longer than the Pearl River.长江差不多是珠江的三倍长。(3)A new iPhone costs about of a secondhand one.(xx东台创新高中高一月考)Athe price of three timesBthree times the priceCas much as the three times priceDthree times more than the price答案B解析句意为：一个新苹果手机花费的价格是一个二手苹果手机的3倍。这里考查倍数的表达方法：倍数the size/length/width/priceof，故选B。2强调句语境感悟(1)(教材P19)However，it was in war that they found their greatest use.然而，是在战争中他们才发现了鸽子的最大的用途。(2)It was Lady Gaga that won eight MTV awards.(强调主语)Lady Gaga赢得了八个MTV奖项。(3)It was eight MTV awards that Lady Gaga won.(强调宾语)Lady Gaga赢得的是八个MTV奖项。(4)It is in the hall that they have had a meeting.(强调地点状语)他们是在礼堂举行了一次会议。(5)It was yesterday that they attended a lecture about the environmental protection.(强调时间状语)是在昨天他们听了一个关于环保的讲座。归纳拓展“It is/was被强调部分that/who其他部分”，即通常所称的“强调句式”。句式中的“被强调部分”实际是原来句子中的一个句子成分，可以是主语、宾语、状语，但不能是定语或谓语。强调人时可用who，强调其他任何成分时用that。如果把It is/was.that.去掉，剩下的部分仍然能组成一个完整的句子。即时跟踪(1)用强调句型强调句中的划线部分I met him in the countryside last year.It was I that/who met him in the countryside last year.(强调主语)It was him that/who I met in the countryside last year.(强调宾语)It was in the countryside that I met him last year.(强调地点状语)It was last year that I met him in the countryside.(强调时间状语)(2)Was it the hard training he received as a young man made him such a good basketball player？(xx淮安淮阴区高一期中)Awhich；that Bthat；whatCwhat；that Dthat；which答案A解析句意为：就是他在年轻的时候接受的艰苦训练使他成为这么优秀的一个篮球运动员吗？第一空填which，引导定语从句，修饰the training，在定语从句中which做宾语；第二空填that，使用了强调句，强调的是the hard training which he received as a young man，故选A。3现在分词作结果状语语境感悟(1)(教材P19)During both World War and，pigeons were employed by armies to carry messages to and from the front lines，saving the lives of many soldiers and even helping win some important victories.在第一次世界大战和第二次世界大战期间，鸽子被军方用来和前线往返传递消息，挽救了许多士兵的生命，甚至帮助赢得了一些重要的胜利。(2)He fired his gun，killing the wolf.他开枪把狼打死了。(3)The factory keeps releasing smoke，making the air dirty.那家工厂一直排放烟，使得空气被污染了。(4)I tore the box，only to discover that some of the parts were missing.我撕开盒子，却发现有些零件不见了。归纳拓展教材原句中saving the lives.是现在分词作结果状语，通常放在句子后面。(1)现在分词作结果状语多表示一种自然而然、顺理成章的结果。(2)不定式作结果状语多表示出乎意料的结果。即时跟踪(1)It rained heavily，causing severe flooding in that country.大雨滂沱，造成了那个国家洪水泛滥。(2)Anxiously，she took the dress out of the package and tried it on，only it didnt fit.(xx天津，5)Ato find BfoundCfinding Dhaving found答案A解析考查非谓语动词。句意为：她迫不及待地从包裹中拿出裙子试穿，结果发现它不合身。不定式作结果状语，表示意料之外的结果。(3)The house prices have risen by 12.4% over the 12 months to the end of March, pletely his plan to buy a more fortable apartment.(xx江阴四校高一期中)Aruined BruiningCto ruin Druins答案B解析句意为：到三月底，这12个月房价已经上涨了百分之十二点四，完全毁了他再买一套更舒适的房子的计划。根据句子结构可知这里是非谓语动词，排除D，done表被动，to do 表意外结果，排除C和D，doing表必然结果，所以B正确。.单词拼写1The village was in a panic(惊慌) when the flood took place.2What attracted(吸引) me most to the job was the chance to travel.3She held the money tightly in her fist(拳头)4The dog had been rolling(滚动) in mud puddles.5When you go on a journey，youd better take a map and a pass(指南针) with you.选词填空1Were just going to have to roll up our sleeves and get on with it.2Its a pity to give up the job.3Love results in marriage，naturally.4The moment he met her，he was attracted to her beauty.5She is likely to win the match.完成句子1It was Tom that/who(正是汤姆) put forward the suggestion.2I think tickets for the film are likely to be expensive(可能很贵)3This street is three times as wide(是的三倍宽) as that one.4He was attracted to/by(被吸引) the football game.5He turned off all the lights，seeing nothing(什么都看不见了).单项填空1Now keep ，everyone.The police are on the way.Asilent BcalmCfrightening Dexcited答案B解析keep calm保持冷静，符合句意。silent沉默的，指没有声音的或不讲话的；frightening令人害怕的；excited激动的，兴奋的，活跃的。2Who was spoke first at the meeting？(xx安徽庐江二中月考)Athat it Bit thatCit what Dwhat it答案B解析考查强调句的疑问句。句意为：是谁在会议上首个发言？句型为：特殊疑问词was/isitthat句子其他部分 ，故选B。3“Tommy，run！Be quick！The house is on fire！”the mother shouted，with clearly in her voice.Aanger Brudeness Cregret Dpanic答案D解析句意为：“汤米，快跑！房子着火了！”妈妈喊道，声音里明显充满了惊恐。anger愤怒，气愤；rudeness粗鲁；regret悔恨，后悔；panic惊恐，惊慌。由句意知D项符合语境。4Who is to go traveling with us?Apossible Blikely Cmaybe Dperhaps答案B解析Sb.be likely to do sth.某人有可能做某事；主语为人时只能用likely。5Hillary Clinton officially entered the xx presidential race with a video announcement to supporters， she wanted to be the champion of “everyday Americans”. (xx南京师大附中高一期中)Asaying Bto sayChaving said Dsaid答案A解析考查非谓语动词。say与其逻辑主语a video announcement之间为主动关系，故用现在分词形式作状语。.单项填空1Was it one month ago you luckily got an opportunity to spend your holiday in Canada?Athat BwhenCwhat Dwhy答案A解析分析句子结构可知，该句子是一个一般疑问句形式的强调句型，被强调部分是句子的时间状语，故选项A正确。2Her car broke down on her way to the park； ，she had to ask someone to repair it.Asooner or later Bmore or lessCwhats more Das a result答案D解析句意为：她的车在去公园的路上坏了，结果，她不得不叫人修理它。as a result结果，符合句意。sooner or later迟早；more or less或多或少；whats more而且。3The xx World Expo held in Shanghai helps to the whole worlds attention on the big city of China again.Aaffect BattackCattract Dfocus答案D解析句意为：在上海举办的xx年世博会使全世界再次关注上海这个中国的大城市。affect影响；attack进攻；attract吸引；focus集中，focus ones attention on使某人的注意力集中于，为固定搭配，故选D。4In my opinion，it is very important to keep in an emergency.Aquiet BcalmCstill Dsilent答案B解析句意为：我认为，在紧急情况下，保持镇静是非常重要的。calm镇静的，与语境相符。quiet安静的；still静止的，不动的；silent沉默的。5Youd better go there by train. The train ticket is the plane ticket.(xx泰兴四中高一期中)Aas cheap three times asBas three times cheap asCthree times cheaper thanDcheaper three times than答案C解析句意为： 你最好乘火车去那里。火车票比飞机票便宜3倍。在倍数表达法中，倍数一定是位于最前面。倍数的表达方法基本有三种：倍数形容词/副词比较级than；倍数as形容词/副词原级as；倍数the size/length/width/priceof，故选C。6The shoppers escaped from the store when the fire broke out.Ain surprise Bin silenceCin panic Din whispers答案C解析句意为：当火灾发生时，顾客们惊慌失措地从店里逃出来。in surprise吃惊地；in silence沉默地；in panic惊慌地；in whispers低声说。7Do you think that China is to host another Olympics?Apossible BprobableCpossibly Dlikely答案D解析句意为：你认为中国有可能再主办一次奥运会吗？possible和probable的主语通常为it(形式主语)，而likely的主语可以是人、物或形式主语it。8When the clerk saw a kind face wrinkled in an apologetic smile，she stood rooted to the ground， whether to stay or leave.(xx湖南，30)Awondering BwonderCto wonder Dwondered答案A解析考查非谓语动词。句意为：那名店员看到一张友善的脸，脸上因歉意的微笑布满了皱纹，这时她愣在了那里，琢磨着是走还是留。句子的主语是she与wonder之间是主动关系，且wonder与主句谓语stood是同时发生的，故用现在分词作伴随状语。9Whats his reaction when you told him that he had failed the test? Did he feel sad? ， he didnt turn surprised and even asked to have dinner together.AOn the other hand BIn shortCOn the contrary DIn other words答案C解析句意为：当你告诉他考试不及格时，他什么反应？他感到难过吗？相反，他并没有惊讶，甚至请我们一起吃饭。on the other hand另一方面；in short总之，简单地说；on the contrary相反地；in other words换句话说。10It is important for us to a word or a phrase according to the situations in language studies.Aemploy BreferCmake Darrange答案A解析句意为：在语言学习过程中，根据语境使用单词或短语对我们来说非常重要。employ此处相当于make use of，意为“利用，使用”。.完形填空Scientists find that hardworking people live longer than average men and women. Career women are 11 than housewives. Evidence shows that 12 are in poorer health than the jobholders. A study shows 13 the unemployment rate increases by 1%, the death rate increases correspondingly(相应地) by 2%. All this 14 to one point：Work is helpful to health. Why is work good for health? It is because work keeps people busy， 15 loneliness and solitude (孤独). Researches show that people feel unhappy， 16 and lonely when they have nothing to do. Instead, the happiest are those who are 17 .Many high achievers who love their careers feel that they are happiest when they are working hard. Work serves as a(n) 18 between man and reality. By work, people 19 each other. By collective(集体的) activity, they find friendship and warmth. This is helpful to health. The loss of work 20 the loss of everything. It affects man spiritually(精神上的) and makes him liable to(易于) 21 . 22 ， work gives one a sense of fulfillment(充实感) and a sense of 23 . Work makes one feel his val