2019-2020年高考英语二轮复习 阅读理解增分基础训练（2）.doc

2019-2020年高考英语二轮复习 阅读理解增分基础训练（2）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项。 When Luca first heard of the Island of Inventions, he was still very young. But its wonders sounded so incredible that they were forever burned in his memory. From that moment, he never stopped searching for clues which might lead him to the island. He read hundreds of adventure books, histories, volumes of physics and chemistry, even music. Over time, he pieced together his idea of what the Island of Inventions was like. It was a secret place, where all the great wise men of the world would meet to learn and invent together. Access to the island was totally restricted. To join, you had to have created some great invention for humanity. Only then could you receive the special invitation which came with directions to the island. So Luca spent his youth studying and inventing. Every new idea he got, he made it into an invention, and if there were something he didnt understand, hed seek others to help him. Soon he met other young inventors and he told them about the Island of Inventions. They too dreamed of one day receiving an invitation letter. As years passed, the disappointment of not receiving their invitation made Luca and his friends work harder and co-operate more. They would meet in Lucas house, share their ideas and build new machines. Their inventions became known throughout the world, and improved the lives of millions. But still, no invitation came. They didnt lose heart. They continued learning and inventing every day, trying to e up with more and better ideas. Fresh young talent joined their group, as more inventors dreamed of getting to the island. One day many years later, Luca, already very old, was speaking with a brilliant young man named Roberts, who had written to him, asking him to join the group. Luca started telling the man of the wonderful Island of Inventions, and of how he was sure that some day they would receive an invitation. Surprised, the young inventor interrupted: “You mean this place isnt the Island of Inventions? Isnt the letter you sent me the real invitation?” It was only then that Luca realised that his dream had bee true in his very own house. No island could exist which would be better than where he was now. No place of invention would be better than what he and his friends had created. Luca felt happy to know that he had always been on the island, and that his life of invention and study had been a truly happy one.26. Lucas picture of the Island of Inventions was mainly based on _.A. scientific researchB. his imaginationC. reports of others D. history books【答案】B【解析】细节理解题。根据Over time, he pieced together his idea of what the Island of Inventions was like.他主要根据自己的想象画出了图画，故选B。27. Why did Luca and his colleagues probably never receive an invitation to the island?A. Their ideas were not considered worthy enough.B. They were too concerned with acquiring fame.C. The organization had already broken up.D. The island was not a real place.【答案】D【解析】推理判断题。根据“You mean this place isnt the Island of Inventions?No island could exist which would be better than where he was now.那个岛根本就不存在，故选D。28. What was Roberts reaction to Lucas story of the island?A. He thought he had already arrived at the island.B. He was disappointed to discover it didnt exist.C. He was excited about receiving an invitation.D. He expressed surprise that Luca believed in such fairy tales.【答案】A【解析】细节理解题。根据“You mean this place isnt the Island of Inventions? Isnt the letter you sent me the real invitation?” 他原认为他来到了真正的那个Island of Inventions岛，故选A。29. What did Luca learn at the end of the story?A. The island of inventions did not exist. B. He had wasted most of his life.C. He had unknowingly built his own dreamland.D. He finally would receive his invitation.【答案】C【解析】推理判断题。根据No place of invention would be better than what he and his friends had created. Luca felt happy to know that he had always been on the island, and that his life of invention and study had been a truly happy one.他已经不知不觉地创造了自己的梦境。故选C。30. Which of the following best describes Luca?A. Aggressive.B. Trusting. C. Creative.D. Easy-going.【答案】C【解析】细节理解题。aggressive有进取心的； trusting信赖的； creative创造性的；easy-going随和的。根据短文的内容可知Luca根据自己的想象画出来了图画，并且创造了许多发明，故选C。社会生活类阅读理解。Brrriiinnng. The alarm clock announces the start of another busy weekday in the morning. You jump out of bed, rush into the shower, into your clothes and out the door with hardly a moment to think. A stressful journey to work gets your blood pressure climbing. Once at the office, you glance through the newspaper with depressing stories or reports of disasters. In that sort of mood, who can get down to work, particularly some creative, original problem- solving work?The way most of us spend our mornings is exactly opposite to the conditions that promote flexible, open- minded thinking. Imaginative ideas are most likely to e to us when were unfocused. If you are one of those energetic morning people, your most inventive time es in the early evening when you are relaxed. Sleepy peoples lack of focus leads to an increase in creative problem solving. By not giving yourself time totune into your wandering mind, youre missing out on the surprising solutions it may offer.The trip you take to work doesnt help, either. The stress slows down the speed with which signals travel between neurons (神经细胞) , making inspirations less likely to occur. And while we all should read a lot about whats going on in the world, it would not make you feel good for sure, so put that news website or newspaper aside until after the days work is done.So what would our mornings look like if we wanted to start them with a full capacity for creative problem solving? Wed set the alarm a few minutes early and lie awake in bed, following our thoughts where they lead. Wed stand a little longer under the warm water of the shower, stopping thinking about tasks in favor of a few more minutes of relaxation. Wed take some deep breaths on our way to work, instead of plaining about heavy traffic. And once in the officeafter we get a cup of coffeewed click on links not to the news of the day but to the funniest videos the web has to offer.1. According to the author, we are more creative when we are.A. focused B. relaxedC. awakeD. busy2. What does the author imply about newspapers?A. They are solution providers.B. They are a source of inspiration.C. They are normally full of bad news.D. They are more educational than websites.3. By tune into your wandering mind” (in Para. 2) , the author means.A. wander into the wildB. listen to a beautiful tuneC. switch to the traffic channelD. stop concentrating on anything4. The author writes the last paragraph in order to.A. offer practical suggestionsB. summarize past experiencesC. advocate diverse ways of lifeD. establish a routine for the future【参考答案】40.BCDA社会生活类阅读理解。Two friends have an argument that breaks up their friendship forever, even though neither one can remember how the whole thing got started. Such sad events happen over and over in high schools across the country. In fact, according to an official report on youth violence, “In our country today, the greatest threat to the lives of children and adolescents is not disease or starvation or abandonment, but the terrible reality of violence”. Given that this is the case, why arent students taught to manage conflict the way they are taught to solve math problems, drive cars, or stay physically fit? First of all, students need to realize that conflict is unavoidable. A report on violence among middle school and high school students indicates that most violent incidents between students begin with a relatively minor insult (侮辱) . For example, a fight could start over the fact that one student eats a peanut butter sandwich each lunchtime. Laughter over the sandwich can lead to insults, which in turn can lead to violence. The problem isnt in the sandwich, but in the way students deal with the conflict. Once students recognize that conflict is unavoidable, they can practice the golden rule of conflict resolution (解决) : stay calm. Once the student feels calmer, he or she should choose words that will calm the other person down as well. Rude words, name- calling, and accusations only add fuel to the emotional fire. On the other hand, soft words spoken at a normal sound level can put out the fire before it explodes out of control. After both sides have calmed down, they can use another key strategy (策略) for conflict resolution: listening. Listening allows the two sides to understand each other. One person should describe his or her side, and the other person should listen without interrupting. Afterward, the listener can ask non- threatening questions to clarify the speakers position. Then the two people should change roles. Finally, students need to consider what they are hearing. This doesnt mean trying to figure out whats wrong with the other person. It means understanding what the real issue is and what both sides are trying to acplish. For example, a shouting match over a peanut butter sandwich might happen because one person thinks the other person is unwilling to try new things. Students need to ask themselves questions such as these: How did this start? What do I really want? What am I afraid of? As the issue bees clearer, the conflict often simply bees smaller. Even if it doesnt, careful thought helps both sides figure out a mutual solution. There will always be conflict in schools, but that doesnt mean there needs to be violence. After students in Atlanta started a conflict resolution program, according to Educators for Social Responsibility, “64 percent of the teachers reported less physical violence in the classroom; 75 percent of the teachers reported an increase in student cooperation; and 92 percent of the students felt better about themselves”. Learning to resolve conflicts can help students deal with friends, teachers, parents, bosses, and coworkers. In that way, conflict resolution is a basic life skill that should be taught in schools across the country. 1. This article is mainly about.A. the lives of school childrenB. the cause of arguments in schoolsC. how to analyze youth violenceD. how to deal with school conflicts2. From Paragraph 2 we can learn that.A. violence is more likely to occur at lunchtime B. a small conflict can lead to violenceC. students tend to lose their temper easilyD. the eating habit of a student is often the cause of a fight3. Why do students need to ask themselves the questions stated in Paragraph 5? A. To find out who is to blame. B. To get ready to try new things. C. To make clear what the real issue is. D. To figure out how to stop the shouting match. 4. After the conflict resolution program was started in Atlanta, it was found that.A. there was decrease in classroom violenceB. there was less student cooperation in the classroomC. more teachers felt better about themselves in schoolsD. the teacher- student relationship greatly improved5. The writers purpose for writing this article is to.A. plain about problems in school educationB. teach students different strategies for school lifeC. advocate teaching conflict management in schoolsD. inform teachers of the latest studies on school violence【参考答案】41.DBCAC阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。 Imagine putting a seed in a freezer, waiting 30,000 years, and then taking the seed out and planting it. Do you think a flower would grow? Amazingly, scientists have just managed to do something very similar. They found the fruit of an ancient plant that had been frozen underground in Siberia a region covering central and eastern Russia for about 31,800 years. Using pieces of the fruit, the scientists grew plants in a lab. The new blooms have delicate white petals. They are also the oldest flowering plants that researchers have ever revived from a deep freeze. “This is like regenerating a dinosaur from tissues of an ancient egg,” said University of California, Los Angeles biologist Jane Shen-Miller. The plant has a long history. Back when mammoths and woolly rhinoceroses walked the land, an Arctic ground squirrel buried seeds and fruits in an underground chamber near the Kolyma River in northeastern Siberia. The ground became permafrost, a layer of soil that stays frozen for a long time. Recently, Russian scientists dug out the old squirrel hole and found the plant remains 38 meters below the surface. Back at the lab, the team fed nutrients to tissue from three of the fruits to grow shoots. Then the scientists transferred the shoots to pots filled with soil. The plants produced seeds that could be used to grow even more of them. Its important for scientists to know that plant tissues can still be revived after being frozen for a long time. Thats because many researchers are trying to preserve the seeds of modern plants by freezing them and then storing them in giant lockers at various spots around the globe. One such endeavor, an underground facility in Norway, is called the Svalbard Global Seed Vault. It stores hundreds of thousands of frozen seeds. If a plant ever goes extinct, scientists could bring it back by taking its seeds from the Svalbard or other storage lockers. “No one knows how long they are able to live for, but freezing is basically the format for many plant conservation attempts nowadays.” Shen-Miller said. Its a good thing that at least some plants are tough enough to survive the experience. 31. How did the fruit originally get underground?A. It was placed there by an animal.B. It was trapped there during the ice-age.C. It was planted there by ancient farmers.D. It was buried there after the earthquake.【答案】A【解析】细节理解题。根据Back when mammoths and woolly rhinoceroses walked the land, an Arctic ground squirrel buried seeds and fruits in an underground chamber near the Kolyma River in northeastern Siberia.可知最初的时候是有动物放在地下的，故选A。32. Which of the following was NOT used to recreate the ancient plant? A. Modern nutrients. B. Parts of its fruit. C. Its frozen seeds. D. Plant pots with soil.【答案】C【解析】细节理解题。根据Russian scientists dug out the old squirrel hole and found the plant remains 38 meters below the surface. Back at the lab, the team fed nutrients to tissue from three of the fruits to grow shoots. Then the scientists transferred the shoots to pots filled with soil.从果实的一部分取组织，然后给这些组织一定的营养，然后把嫩芽放在有土壤的盆里就能再重新栽培出古代的植物，这里没有提到冻了的种子，故选C。33. Why are scientists interested in this discovery?A. It helps them learn how plant life has changed in the past 30,000 years.B. It can help guide future efforts to protect endangered plant-life.C. It can provide directions for where to look for other ancient plants.D. It proves that all plant life can survive for thousands of years when frozen.【答案】B【解析】细节理解题。根据Thats because many researchers are trying to preserve the seeds of modern plants by freezing them and then storing them in giant lockers at various spots around the globe. If a plant ever goes extinct, scientists could bring it back by taking its seeds from the Svalbard or other storage lockers.有了这个重要的发现有助于帮助我们未来去保护频临灭绝的植物，故选B。34. The underlined word “they” in the final paragraph refers to _.A. plantsB. seedsC. scientists D. storage lockers【答案】B【解析】词义猜测题。根据If a plant ever goes extinct, scientists could bring it back by taking its seeds from the Svalbard or other storage lockers.及able to live for应该指的是种子能够活多长，故选B。35. The purpose of the passage is to _. A. discuss a plant conservation effort B. introduce some ancient plants C. outline some causes of global warmingD. describe a scientific research project【答案】D 【解析】作者意图题。纵观全文的内容可知短文介绍了一个科研项目，故选D。