2019-2020年高考英语书面表达集训（十四）.doc

2019-2020年高考英语书面表达集训（十四）【高阶特练】第三部分 写作（共两节，满分35分）第二节 书面表达（满分25分） 按照题目要求或提示来完成下列表述。【高端点拨】每年高考后，我们一直在思索：英语高考中书面表达考什么、怎么考、如何写等系列高难表述问题。但是，通过与考生交流，我们发现他们的书面表达的思维能力并非不活跃，只是在他们的记忆库中存储的相应表达方式不足，或记忆有误，或根本是空白。拿到作文题目后，不愁没内容可写，只愁没词可用，或是写了不知是否正确，因此在表达过程中，要么被迫放弃，要么按照汉语的结构硬译，以致造成短文词不达意，错误地传递信息，分数也受到影响。针对考生在书面表达方面出现的问题，下面将谈谈高考书面表达的复习建议和答题技巧。一、复习建议（一）明确写作能力的培养和提高是一个日积月累的过程。高考英语书面表达题是一项综合性的测试。要写好一篇短文，考生不仅要具备熟练的谴词、造句和谋篇能力，而且需要熟知不同的写作策略。如果从高三年级开始准备，则必须保证有科学、全面的训练计划和足量的写作实践，在这方面，笔者要求学生从认识句子成分，到谴词成句，到练习基本句式，再到语段语篇的这样一个过程。当然有些学生在这过程中也坚持写日记，然后笔者给他们都进行了详细批改。这样学生既听从了老师的安排和指导，也没有忽视自己的独立实践与总结。（二）注重平时的练笔。近几年考题的话题包括外国交换学生在华学习生活安排、少年健康问题、中学生业余生活、人们的生活变化、环境保护、中学生庆祝 xx年奥运会申办、举办成功等。对于这些话题，每个考生都不会感到无话可说，只要平时认真进行一些写作实践，就不难具备应付这类话题所必要的写作能力。（三）明确写作方向。从近几年的情况来看，试题并没有特定的语篇或文体要求。虽然短文会用到记叙、说明或议论等表达方式，但这毕竟只是一个区区几十字的文段，远不足被称为记叙文、议论文、说明文或某种特定文体的文章。例如： 书面表达材料要求根据一首诗的内容，描述其中的一位老师，这是单纯的记叙文;或者根据提示，写毕业赠言，其中首先要求表述好友在你心中的印象，并用一两个事例加以描述，然后表达祝愿，这其实也是记叙文;或者依据要求，让学生描述一位伟人，并说明自己喜欢他或她的原因，这还是记叙文。（四）注意平时的词汇积累。针对考生平时练习时出现的没词可用，写了不知是否正确等情况，建议考生们采用听、读、写相结合的办法，增加语言输入，扩大存储量。高三年级不可避免地要进行大量的听和读的练习，在做完听力和阅读理解后，可以停下来，用一点时间有意识地增加针对写作的语言输入，比如将听过或读过的表达方式回忆一下并记住，或者将有用的短语标出来，记在笔记本上，以备事后记忆之用。注意选取的资料应与考生自己的写作水平相近，还要提高记忆的准确性。二、解题技巧高考英语书面表达题解题应遵循五步骤的原则进行。xx年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试大纲英语中对写作这样要求：“要求考生根据提示进行书面表达，考生应能(1)准确使用语法和词汇。(2)使用一定的句型、词汇，清楚、连贯地表达自己的意思。（一）仔细审题，确定要点。在开始写作这前一定要认真阅读题目中的所有信息(中文提示、图示、注意事项等)把需要表达的全部信息要点列成提纲，列要点时，如果提示是图表，要认真审图，从图中找出要表达的信息要点，如事件发生的背景，人物的衣着、表情、动作、位置、年龄、外貌、图中的英汉文字等，如果有参考词汇，一定要用上。（二）根据要点，遣词造句。近年来高考书面表达的要求不断提高，高分文章要有较多的词汇，较高级的词汇用法。比如表达丰富可以用rich,但如果你用abundant这个词就属于较高级的词汇。再比如“他强调小心驾驶的重要”这个句子 He emphasized the importance of careful driving.其中“强调”这个词如果你用 attach much importance to 效果更佳。（三）确定时态及人称，内容连贯，结构紧凑。高考书面表达评分标准明确规定，如人称错误要扣分，不同的文体一般都有基本时态。日记通常记叙发生过的事情，多用一般过去时。议论文多用一般现在时，通知等文体通常用一般将来时。每个句子写好之后，句与句之间要选择恰当的连接词。比如：(1)表示承接、递进用语，besides(并且)、whats more(并且)，moreover(而且)，firstly, secondly, finally(最后)，from now on (从此)，afterwards I after that(后来)，to make things worse/ whats worse(使事情更为糟糕的是)，the worst thing of all(最糟糕的是)。(2)表示转折关系用语。But, however, otherwise, though, despite, in spite of.(尽管)on the other hand(另一方面)，as(尽管)，all the same(尽管如此)。(3)表示因果关系用语。because/because of.for(因为)，owing to (由于)，thanks to (由于)，due to (由于)，so that (结果)。(4)归纳总结用语。to summarize(总而言之)，in short/in a word(简而言之)，on the whole(从总体看)，generally speaking(一般说来)，in my view(我的观点)，in conclusion(总之)。（四）句式丰富，避免重词。英语书面表达评分标准第五档(21-25分)要求，“应使用较复杂结构，这要求学生不仅会运用基本句型，也要有意识地使用复杂句型，这是文章的亮点。如何使用复杂结构，本人认为适当运用非谓语结构(分词短语、动名词或不定式短语)、适当运用各种从句(定语从句、名词性从句、状语从句)，这些都是有效的途径。比如：When he arrived in Beijing, he gave me an e-mail.(时间状语从句。一般)On arriving in Beijing, he gave me an e-mail. Having arrived in Beijing, he gave me an e-mail.(使用了介词+动名词和现在分词短语，分别作状语。高级) Hardly had he arrived in Beijing when he gave me an e-mail.(改变时态，句子结构。高级)I wont believe what he says.(一般)No matter what he says, I wont believe it.(让步状从句，高级)。（五）认真答写，卷面整洁。高考书面表达评分标准中对书写有较高要求。尤其是高考英语作文网上进行阅卷以来，如果书写较差，会影响到扫描质量，因此，考生在答卷时，一定要认真、清楚规范地书写，以保卷面整洁和美观，为争取高分作文做好铺垫。三、修正小误1、审题不够仔细，遗漏要点2、语言基础知识薄弱，语法和拼写错误较多3 句子结构错误 双谓语现象句子结构混乱 4 动词使用错误 时态错误语态错误滥用be动词 5 汉语式英语 6. 不规则动词及常用词拼写错误 7. 名词单复数错误 8、词义模糊，用词不够准确9、行文清晰，句子与句子间缺乏衔接. 10、逻辑错误，如：because与so或者although与but等同时出现在同一个句子里。【考点精练】 Test 1假设你叫李华，是一名高三学生。自从进入高三以后，你发现部分同学晚上学习到很晚。他们边学习边吃零食或喝可乐，早上则由于起床太晚而不吃早餐，你感觉这样会对身体有害。请你根据这种现象给英语周报写一封信反映上述情况，并谈谈自己的想法。注意：(1) 可根据内容需要适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；(2) 词数：120左右。Dear Editor,Yours faithfully, Test 2全市英语演讲比赛将在光明中学报告厅举行。假设你是李华，你代表你校参加了赛前会议，会后请你用英语向参赛同学传达以下信息： 1陈述前往报告厅的校内行走路线(如下图)。2提醒选手参赛的注意事项(守时、讲卫生、守纪律等)。 注意：1词数100左右； 2可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； 3开头已给出，不计入总词数。Hello，everyoneId like to tell you something about the English speaking petition of our city_ Test 3假定你是小林，你的朋友李华马上要参加高考了，因此他很紧张，晚上经常睡不着觉。现在，请你给他发一封邮件，教他如何克服紧张情绪，内容包括：1.对李华表示安慰和鼓励 2.介绍消除紧张情绪的方法3.提一些生活和学习方面的建议 4.提出希望注意：不得写出真实班级和姓名；可以适当增加情节，使行文连贯；词数100左右，给出的开头和结尾不计入总词数。Test 4假如你是李华, 你班的留学生Charles即将结束三周的假期从美国返回。你想委托他为你代购一个剃须刀, 作为生日礼物送给爸爸。请按照以下要求给他写一封电子邮件: 1. 品牌: Gillette. 2. 价格: 30美元左右。 参考词汇: 剃须刀shaver注意: 1. 词数100左右: 2. 可以适当增加细节, 以使行文连贯: 3. 开头语和结束语已为你写好, 不计入总词数。Dear Charles, _Test 5假定你叫李华,最近你校在为一批来自美国的交流生征询寄宿家庭。你作为一名申请者，需要提交一份英文申请材料，内容要点包括：1. 家里有一间客卧；父亲可以开车，外出方便。2. 母亲是英语教师，便于沟通交流。3. 自己有过在美国游学的经历。注意：1、词数100左右；可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；开头已为你写好，不计入总词数。Dear Sir,My parents and I would like to apply for the chance to provide homestay service for the exchange students. _Test 6随着电子商务的发展网络购物正日益成为青年人生活的一部分。China Daily的社会生活栏目版展开了关于网络购物的激烈讨论。请你写一封信，谈谈网络购物的利弊以及你的看法。网络购物（1） 方便，快捷（2） 质优价廉1. 质量无法保证2. 售后态度不好3. 你的看法注意：1.词数100左右。2.新的开头和结尾已为你写好，不计入总词数。Dear editor, With the fast development of e-merce, online shopping is increasingly being an unavoidable part of the youngs life.Test 7假定你是高一1班学生李华，在新的学校学习已一个月有余，请根据下列提示，用英语给你的朋友Jane写封电子邮件，谈一谈你的高中生活。1. 介绍你的学校和班级2. 你的作息时间3. 你的同学4. 你最喜欢的老师（请将你最喜欢的老师化名为Ms. Wang）注意：100词左右，可适当增加细节，以使行文流畅；开头已给出，不计入总词数。Dear Jane,Ive been at senior high school for more than a month. Im writing down my thoughts about my new school life._ Yours Li Hua Test 8近来，中国游客在海外的不文明行为倍受争议。假设你是李华，一名国际旅行社的导游，就此写一篇短文在一份英文报纸上发表自己的观点。请根据下面的提示完成作文。1、列举不文明行为； 2、指出其影响； 3、提出建议。注意：1、词数100左右； 2、可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； 3、首句已给出，不计入总词数。 As a tour guide of an international travel agency, I find it so embarrassing to see many Chinese tourists behave badly abroad. _Test 9假设你是新华中学的李华。下周六是外教Mr. Smith的生日，你们班同学准备给他举办一个生日晚会。请给外教写一封邀请函，内容包含以下要点：1感谢Mr. Smith对你们英语学习的帮助；2说明晚会的内容。（时间：下午六点；地点：本班教室。学生们会准备蛋糕、各种中国特色食品等。同学们还将表演节目。）要求：1不要逐条翻译，可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；2词数100左右。Dear Mr. Smith,I am Li Hua. I am writing to _Best wishesYours ever,LihuaTest 10假如你是李华，你的美国网友Jack目前正在一家孔子学院学习汉语，你们俩约定每周都给对方写一封信，他用汉语，你用英语，以期相互学习和帮助。最近你收到他发来的一封电子邮件，请你根据下列提示用英语给他写一封回信：1. 表扬他的进步，并指出来信中的错误；2. 给他一些改进的具体建议；3. 你将发给他一篇游记，期待他对你的邮件进行回复。注意：1. 词数：80-120； 2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。Dear Jack, Im just so glad to receive your regular letter. _Yours, Li HuaTest 11随着人们生活水平的提高，越来越多的家庭拥有了私家车。你们班同学就此现象展开了一次讨论，提出两种不同的观点和看法。假如你是赵凯，请你根据下表提供的信息，给学生双语报社写一封信，客观介绍这两种看法。赞同者认为反对者认为1. 方便快捷舒适的 交通工具；2. 反映出生活水平提高，国家富强；3. 带动其它行业发展。1. 废气污染严重；2. 影响交通，导致更多事故，危及行人安全；3. 停车问题日益突出。注意：1. 信的开头和结尾已给出。 2. 词数：120左右。3. 参考词汇：危及endanger范文：Dear Editor,Im writing to tell you about the discussion we recently had about whether or not it is good for families to own cars._In short, people should think twice before buying a car.Yours Zhao KaiTest 12假设你是银川希望中学学生李华，得知xx年香港大学要在大陆进行自主招生的消息后，有意向香港大学申请，参加自主招生考试。请用英语写一封自荐信，主要包括：1. 个人信息2. 性格、爱好与特长3. 学习情况注意：1. 词数100左右； 2. 信的开头已为你写好 (不计入总词数)；3. 可根据内容要点适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。4. 参考词汇：自主招生 independent recruitment Dear Sir，My name is Li Hua, from Hope High School in Yinchuan. Yours, sincerely， Li HuaTest 13假设你是李华，你的美国笔友David最近在学汉语,他给你发来一封电子邮件讲述他对学习汉语兴趣浓厚，但是他在学习汉语的过程中常常因为犯错误而懊恼。请你用英语给他回一封邮件。内容包括： 1. 鼓励他继续努力，正确看待错误；2. 给David提出一些学好汉语的建议(至少两条)；3. 邀请他来中国玩。 注意： 1.词数 120左右；开头已经给出，不计入总次数。 2.不能使用真实姓名和学校名称。 DearDavid,Im glad to receive your e-mail and happy to know that you are interested in learning Chinese. _Yours，Li HuaTest 14假设你是李华，在互联网上看到英国高中生Tom登的一则启事：希望结识一位中国朋友，以便学习中国的语言和文化。请你以李华的名义用英文给Tom发一封电子邮件，主要内容包括：1. 你怎样得知Tom的愿望；2. 你愿意成为他的朋友；3. 你打算如何帮助他；4. 你盼望他的回复。注意：1. 词数100左右；2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；3. 电子邮件的格式已为你写好，但不计入总词数。DearTom,Ive learned _ _Yours sincerely,Li HuaTest 15假设你是李华，准备参加学校举办的主题为“健康成长”的英语作文比赛。请按要求写一篇短文，主要内容包括：1.乐观的人生态度； 2.努力学习； 3.参加体育锻炼。注意：1.词数100左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。3. 文章的开头已给出不计入总次数。We all want to grow up happily and healthily, and for this goal we must do several things.【高阶特练】xx高考英语-书面表达集训（十四）答案Test 1Test 2 Hello, everyone. Id like to tell you something about the English speaking petition of our city. When you are at the school gate, a beautiful fountain is in front of you. Then turn right and you will see an art gallery. Choose the main road and go straightforward. Turn left at the corner of the science building and go ahead, then youll see the lecture hall at your right hand. You cant miss it. During the petition, being punctual is very important. Whoever is late wont be allowed to enter. Please switch off your cell phones so as not to disturb others. Always keep quiet while waiting for your turn. Its good manners not to litter around. Wish you good luck!Test 3Dear Li Hua, I am sorry to learn that you are feeling so nervous that you cant sleep well at night as the College Entrance Examination draws near. But in fact, you dont have to worry about it, and it is not as hard as you think.In order to get over the pressure, you should live a regular life and take more exercise to keep relaxed. Whats more, you had better have a balanced diet, and milk, meat, vegetables as well as fruit are all good choices. Time permitting, you can chat with your parents or friends about how you feelBelieve in yourself and make full preparations! I am sure that you will succeed . Best wishes Xiao LinTest 4Dear Charles,I havent seen you for over three weeks. How have you been doing these days? I miss you so much! But it wont be long before we meet again, isnt it?Charles, could you do me a favor, please? My fathers birthday is ing, and I want to give him a shaver as a birthday gift. Just buy me a Gillette about 30 dollars. It is a very famous brand around the world. You can bring it back when you e back, and I will pay you back for that. Thank you very much.Looking forward to your ing soon.Yours, Li HuaTest 5Dear Sir,My parents and I would like to apply for the chance to provide homestay service for the exchange students. We are quite sure that we are qualified for the program:First of all, there is a spare bedroom in our house, so the exchange student will have his or her own room to live in. Secondly, my parents can do their bit. Dad can drive us wherever we want to go, and meanwhile Mum, an English teacher, can municate freely with foreign friends. Whats more, I once studied as an exchange student in America for several months, which enables me to know more about American culture. Therefore, I can get along well with an American student.Look forward to your reply.Yours Li HuaTest 6That the Online shopping bees so popular with the young definitely has its own reasons. First and foremost, online shopping usually means something you buy both cheap in price and better in quality. Besides, goods you get online e to you fast as well as conveniently, saving your tiredness of shopping and walking. But the other side of the coin is also true. Goods bought online are not as fine as that from the store which you can watch, feel and smell by yourself. Some online shoppers bee impatient or even unreasonable after you have paid for the goods.In my opinion, we should enhance our e-merce laws to regulate the activities of online purchase. Meanwhile, as the online customers, we should be cautious while shopping online.Best wishesYours, Li HuaTest 7Dear Jane,Ive been at Senior High School for more than a month. Im writing down my thoughts about my new school life.My new school is a well-known school with a long history. There are 50 classes, more than 300 teachers and over 3,500 students in my school. The classrooms are amazing. Every room has a puter with a special screen, almost as big as a cinema screen. And there are sixty students in my class, who are all hard-working. Im getting on very well with my classmates. My favorite teacher is a very enthusiastic woman called Ms. Wang, whose way of teaching is nothing like that of my previous teachers. She has many ways to make her classes lively and interesting. I dont think I will be bored in her class.We usually get up at 5:30 and our class starts at 7:45. I always take part in colorful after-class activities and we go to bed at ten.I am looking forward to hearing from you soon. Yours Li HuaTest 8As a tour guide of an international travel agency, I find it so embarrassing to see many Chinese tourists behave badly abroad. They speak loudly in public places, carve characters on tourist attractions, throw rubbish, spit everywhere, and even cross the road ignoring the traffic lights. Such bad behavior overseas has caused great damage to the image of the Chinese people and our country as well. Measures should be taken to stop this. First, before going abroad, tourists should be trained to obey social and public order, and respect local religions and customs. Besides, it is a good idea to teach kids to be responsible citizens from kindergarten days. Last, laws should be made to punish those who behave badly in public places. I hope soon tourists overseas will change their behavior and win respect for themselves and our country. Test 9I am Li Hua. I am writing to invite you to attend the party we will hold to celebrate your birthday next Saturday.Since you became our English teacher, we have made great progress in English. Your teaching is so well organized and your wonderful teaching skills greatly arouse our interest in English. Besides, you are patient, humorous and easygoing, which makes you one of our favorite teachers.Your birthday is ing. To show our sincere gratitude for your help, Our class will hold a party in the classroom to celebrate your birthday at 6pm. Well bring a cake, soft drinks and some Chinese food. So its also a good chance for you to taste and learn about some Chinese traditional foods. Besides, some students will give performances like singing and dancing at the party. Well really have a good time!Im looking forward to your reply.Yours truly, Li Hua Test 10Dear Jack,Im just so glad to receive your regular letter. Im proud to tell you that you have made rapid progress in such a short time! You letter is better written than the last one. Obviously, you have mastered how to use some Chinese characters freely. But it doesnt mean theres no problem at all. For instance, unlike English, we usually use “因为所以” in one sentence. So you should correct the fourth sentence in your letter. And I advise you to do more reading and try to use these sentence patterns in your writing as possible as you can. I wrote a travel journal about our trip to a natural park yesterday. Ill send it to you later. If there is any mistake in my writing, please tell me and correct it for me. Im sure we both will make great progress this way. Im looking forward to hearing from you soon. Test 11Dear Sir, My name is Li Hua, from Hope High School in Yinchuan. Im glad to get the news that Hong Kong University will have independent recruitment in mainland, so I would like to apply for it.I am eighteen, studying in Senior 3. I am sociable, easygoing and good at municating with others. Besides, I am quite independent and it is easy for me to adapt to a new environment. As a senior student, I have been working hard at my lessons and managed to get high grades. All these will enable me to continue my study in your university. Whats more, my hobbies are playing basketball and football and I am also good at playing the violin.Looking forward to your reply. Yours sincerely，Li HuaTest 12Dear Editor,Im writing to tell you about the discussion we recently had about whether or not it is good for families to own cars.With the improvement of peoples living conditions, more and more families have their own cars. Some of us think its good to own a car, as a car provides convenient, fast and fortable transport. Also, the increase in the number of car owners shows that people are being richer, and that the country is being stronger. Thirdly, the fact that people buy cars makes other industries develop faster.However, some other students have a different opinion. They think that cars give off waste gas and make the air polluted. They also said that too many cars would cause traffic jams, lead to more accidents and endanger peoples lives. Finally, they said that parking is another big problem.In short, people should think twice before buying a car.Yours Zhao KaiTest 13DearDavid, Im glad to receive your e-mail and happy to know that you are interested in learning Chinese. It is well known that Chinese is difficult to learn. One cant avoid making a mistake when learning a foreign language. Here are some tips on how to learn Chinese. First, dont be afraid to make mistakes. Making mistakes is a good way to learn how to say things right. Second, if you know a Chinese friend, ask he or she to practise with you.Third, you should spend more time practising listening to and speaking Chinese frequently. I wish you success in learning Chinese. I am expecting to hear from you. Atlast, IweleyoutoetoChina. Yours， LiHuaTest 14Dear Tom,Ive learned it from the Internet that you want to make a Chinese friend so as to learn the Chinese language and culture. Im glad that you show such great interest in China and I would like to be your friend. Ill try my best to write to you as often as possible to introduce you the Chinese culture. When you have an opportunity to e to China, Ill teach you how to speak Chinese and show you around some famous historical places of interest. Anyway, Im going to help you as much as I can. How do you think? Im looking forward to your reply. Yours sincerely,