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,Unit1 Asia Grammar,Uses of it,翻译下列句子，说出it 在句中表示的意思。 1. 明朝和清朝的皇帝曾住在故宫，但它在1925年的时候被变成了博物馆。 The emperors of the Ming and Qing dynasties used to live in the Palace Museum. But _ in 1925. (it表示：_ ),Revision,it was turned into a museum,the Palace Museum,2. 有这么多形状不寻常的岩石真是神奇。 _ that there are so many rocks in unusual shapes. (it表示：_ ) 3. 从我家到学校大约3公里。 _ from my home to my school, (it表示：_ ),It is amazing,that 从句的内容,It is about 3 kilometres,距离,4. 租一辆自行车，骑着它环游乡村也很受欢迎。 _ a bike and ride around the countryside. (it表示：_ _,Its also popular to hire,hire a bike and ride around the countryside,Uses of it,Look at the bird. It is so small.,We use it for animals and lifeless things.,Using it as a pronoun,There is a small house over there. It is mine.,The little baby is drinking milk. It weighs only 3 kilos.,We use it for a young child when we do not know whether it is a girl or a boy.,-Who was calling you just now? -It was my cousin.,We use it for an unknown person.,We use it for an action, a situation or an idea mentioned in a previous statement.,Riding around the countryside is popular in Guilin, isnt it?,Tourists like to take a boat trip along the Lijiang River. It is a great fun.,1. 指代动物或无生命的东西。,2.指代看不出性别的婴儿和小孩。,3.指代不知道的人。（尤指打电话和敲门的状态下）,4. 指代前文出现的动作、状况和主意。,总结1: it 做人称代词,The exchange students visited the Summer Palace yesterday. Kevin is writing about it. Read the passage below and find out what each it refers to. Write your answers in the blanks.,Yesterday we visited the Summer Palace and spent about three hours in it. The palace is a Chinese garden and mainly includes a hill and a lake. The lake is very big it takes up three quarters of the area. It was frozen, so we could not row a boat there. It was really a pity.,1._,2. _,3. _,4. _,the Summer Palace,the lake,the lake,we could not row a boat,Across the lake is a 17-hole bridge. There are many stone lions on either side of it. The lions are all different from each other. Isnt it amazing? While I was walking along the bridge, my mobile phone rang. It was my mum. I told her that the Summer Palace was well worth visiting.,5. _,6. _,7._,the bridge,different lions,an unknown person,有时并不指具体的东西，可指天气、气候、地点、温度、时间、距离、日期等。,It is 6:30 p.m. It is raining heavily outside. It is 1 January today. It is New Years Day. In Beijing, it is cold and windy in winter. It is two kilometres from my school to my home.,总结2 it 做非人称代词,Using it as an impersonal pronoun,it作非人称代词 1. 指天气。 e.g. Its raining. 2. 指时间。 e.g. Its half past eight. 3. 指环境。 e.g. Its quiet here. 4. 指距离。 e.g. How far is it from your home to your office?,The exchange students left for Shanghai. Kevin has made some notes in his diary. Rewrite his sentences with it.,Leaving for Shanghai,1. Today is 22 February. We left Beijing for Shanghai early in the morning. _. We left Beijing for Shanghai early in the morning. 2. Shanghai is about 1, 300 kilometres from Beijing. _ from Beijing to Shang hai.,It is 22 February today,It is about 1, 300 kilometres,3. I woke up at 5 a.m. this morning. _ when I woke up this morning. 4. I felt a little cold when we went out. The temperature was only 2. I felt a little cold when we went out. _. 5. Winter is very cold and dry in Beijing. In winter, _.,It was 5 a.m.,It was only 2,it is very cold and dry in Beijing,6. We arrived in Shanghai on a sunny day. _ when we arrived in Shanghai. 7. We got to our hotel at noon. _ when we got to our hotel. 8. Our hotel is not far from the Bund. _ from the Bund to our hotel.,It was noon,It is not far,It was a sunny day,Using it to replace the real subject or object,Sometimes we use it to replace the real subject or object in a sentence. In this situation, we put the real subject or object later in the sentence in the form of a to-infinitive or a clause.,e.g. It is very tiring to climb the steps. It is popular to hire a bicycle and ride around the countryside. It is amazing that there are so many rocks in unusual shapes in the cave. Many people find it pleasant to travel around.,Useful structures with it It is + adjective + (of/ for) + to It takes some time to It is said/ reported/ that think(s)/ find(s) it easy/ difficult/ to,it作形式主语或形式宾语 有时为了保持句子的平衡，常用it作形式主语或形式宾语，而把真正的主语或宾语放到句子的后面。 1. 形式主语。 e.g. Its his duty to look after the sick boy. 2. 形式宾语。 e.g. I find it quite easy to get on with Tom.,It is amazing that there are so many rocks in unusual shapes in the cave.,It is important that we should learn English well.,1）It is + adj. +that从句,总结3 it 做形式主语,2）It is + adj. +to do sth.,It is very tiring to climb the steps. It is popular to hire a bicycle and ride around the countryside.,总结3 it 做形式主语,a. It is kind ( of sb. ) to do sth. 主句中的形容词必须是能表示逻辑主语特征的形容词。 常见的有： bad ， brave ， careless， clever ， cruel ， foolish ，stupid ， wise wrong等。 这个句型可以改写为：sb. is kind to do sth. 。 It is kind of you to say so. = You are kind to say so.,b. It is necessary ( for sb. ) to do sth. 常见的形容词有： important， necessary， natural , easy ， safe ，common ，normal ，hard ， difficult ,dangerous ， 等。 It is important for her to come to the party. 3). It takes sb. . to do sth. 做.要花费某人 It took thousands of people many years to build the Great Wall.,特殊句式 4) It is +v-ed +that 从句 It is said (reported， learned) that . 据说（据报道，据悉）“。 It is said that he has come to Beijing.,Many people find it pleasant to travel around.,We think it important to learn a foreign language.,该句型中的it 作形式宾语，为了记忆方便我们可 称该句型为“6123结构”。 6指主句中常用的动词： think, believe, make, find, consider, feel； 1指的是形式宾语it； 2指的是宾补的两种形式：形容词或名词； 3指的是真正宾语的三种形式： 不定式短语，动名词短语或that引导的宾语从句。,总结4 : it 做形式宾语,He felt it important to learn English well. They found it difficult that they would finish their work in two days.,总结4 it 做形式宾语,Miss Thompson, a British teacher travelling with the exchange students, is writing down what she thinks about Shanghai. Help her complete her notes with it.,Traffic: The traffic is often busy, but public transport here is quite good, so _ (easy) for people to get around. Weather: _ (sunny) and warm. We like _ here. Environment: _ (said) that the air is not clean here, but I do not think the pollution is as serious as I imagined.,it is easy,It is sunny,it,It is said,Signs: Shanghai is beautiful. _ (fun) to ride around the city and visit the interesting places. Food: Chinese food is delicious. I will ask my family to go to a Chinese restaurant and try _ when I get back.,Its fun,it,Hotel: We all think _ (comfortable) to stay in this hotel. They provide a high level of service. People: The local people are friendly. _ (kind) of them to answer all our questions.,its comfortable,Its kind,n. 水平,n. 服务，工作,1. The lake is very big it takes up three quarters of the area. 湖很大，占了四分之三的面积。 take up 占据（空间）；占用（时间） e.g. The table takes up too much space. 这张桌子太占地方了。 quarter n. 四分之一,2. Across the lake is a 17-hole bridge. There are many stone lions on either side of it. 湖上有一座十七孔桥，桥两边有很多石狮子。 倒装句。表示方位的词或短语置句首时，句子要完全倒装。 e.g. On the wall are pictures. 注意：主语为代词时不倒装。 e.g. Out he rushed.,either det. & pron. 两者之一 either or 不是就是 on either side of = on both sides of e.g. You may take either of the roads. 两条路你随便走哪一条。 Tom is going to buy either a guitar or a piano. 汤姆不是要买一把吉他就是一架钢琴。,下列句中it的用法是什么？选出对应选项。 ( ) 1. Its Tuesday today. ( ) 2. Its two miles to the beach. ( ) 3. Yesterday I bought a bag. Its red. ( ) 4. Its better to be early.,刚提到的东西 b. 所未见或未知的人 c. 动物 d. 天气 e. 时间 f. 环境 g. 距离 h. 作形式主语或形式宾语,e,g,a,h,( ) 5. Its cold today. ( ) 6. Its Lilys dog. ( ) 7. I think it necessary to visit Mr Wang. ( ) 8. It gets very crowded here in the summer. ( ) 9. Oh, by the way, there was a telephone call for you. Who was it?,i,刚提到的东西 b. 所未见或未知的人 c. 动物 d. 天气 e. 时间 f. 环境 g. 距离 h. 作形式主语或形式宾语,d,c,b,f,Homework,Finish the addtional exercise. Review Grammar.,Thank you!,
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