2019-2020年高考英语一轮复习考点通关练专题三阅读理解考点十九史地人文类.doc

2019-2020年高考英语一轮复习考点通关练专题三阅读理解考点十九史地人文类限时7分Put your car keys away and forget about your travel passits time to do a bit of walking.National Walking Month is organized every May by Living Streets, an organization that campaigns for the rights and the needs of pedestrians， so the organization is previously known as the Pedestrians Association. The associations aim is to make streets safe, attractive and enjoyable spaces for people to live, work, shop and play. By putting people (rather than vehicles) first, Living Streets wants to create streets and spaces where people feel happier, healthier and more sociable.The annual campaign gives participants a great opportunity to experience the many virtues of walking. These include the physical health benefits of being fitter; the environmental advantages of not using vehicles; the delight of local discoveriesseeing more of your local areas on foot; the enjoyment of walking with other people, whether family, friends or work colleagues and finally the stress relief that es from walkingwalking can clear your head.Walk to School Week, 18 to 22 May, is part of the months activities and its aim is to encourage parents to send children to school on foot, rather than take them in the car or let them use public transport. The movement was started in 1995 with only five participating schools and now two decades later, more than one million children take part.Similarly, there is Walk to Work Week, 11 to 15 May, where grownups are encouraged to walk. In the morning, getting off the bus a stop early or parking a few streets away is a good way to add more steps to the daily total. And during the working day, after having lunch at the desks or in the canteen, take a walk and get some fresh air. Walk home with your workmates and chat away about everything under the sun but work!篇章导读：本文是说明文，主要介绍了英国在每年5月开展的国家步行月及其相关的活动。1Whats the purpose of Living Streets?ATo let people keep away from vehicles.BTo build safer walkways for pedestrians.CTo help people enjoy walking in the street and enjoy life.DTo make people aware of environmental pollution.答案C细节理解题。根据第二段中的“an organization that campaigns for the rights and the needs of pedestrians”以及“The associations aim is to make streets safe, attractive and enjoyable spaces for people to live, work, shop and play”可知，Living Streets是一个帮助人们享受在街上步行和享受生活的组织。故选C。2Paragraph 3 is intended to show that walking is _.Aso interestingBvery relaxingCperfectly safe Dhighly beneficial答案D推理判断题。根据第三段中的“The annual campaign gives participants a great opportunity to experience the many virtues of walking. These include.”可推知，本段主要讲的是步行带来的种种益处。故选D。3What can we learn from Walk to School Week?AIt is organized by the government.BIt is held before Walk to Work Week.CIt has developed rapidly over the last 20 years.DIt encourages students to walk to school alone.答案C推理判断题。根据第四段中的“The movement was started in 1995 with only five participating schools and now two decades later, more than one million children take part”可推知，步行上学周在过去的20年里发展很快。故选C。4Whats the main idea of the last paragraph?AAn introduction to Walk to Work Week.BA nationwide health movement.CThe influence of working day.DNational Walking Months history.答案A主旨大意题。根据文章最后一段的内容可知，本段主要介绍了Walk to Work Week这个活动的一些情况。故选A。1campaign n. 战役；运动v. 作战；发起运动2pedestrian n. 行人；步行者1be known as 被称作；作为而出名2rather than 而不是原文：Similarly, there is Walk to Work Week, 11 to 15 May, where grownups are encouraged to walk.(非限制性定语从句)译文：同样地，也有步行周，从5月11日至15日，在此期间鼓励人们步行去上班。仿写：Mary is going to study in HongKong, where_she_has_some_close_friends.玛丽就要去香港学习了，在那里她有一些很亲密的朋友。B限时7分Christmas in the United States is traditionally a time of giftgiving and family gatherings. But small towns across the country have their own traditions.Middleburg, a small town in the state of Virginia, is known for its horses. For more than 50 years, Middleburg has organized a yearly Christmas parade (游行). Men and women ride horses through the woods and fields. They follow hunting dogs as they search for a wild fox. But first, these hunters ride in the yearly parade, wearing their bright red hunting clothes and hats.John Hale, a citizen of Middleburg says many city people visit his town. “We have a lot of people from an urban area that e to visit, but it incorporates a lot of the old traditions.” The nighttime hayride is one such tradition. Small groups gather under the moonlight on an open wagon filled with hay. The passengers sing as farm horses pull the wagon slowly across the fields.There are some newer traditions, too. Trey Matheu works at the nearby Salamander Resort. He says a visit to Middleburg is a chance to slow down for a day. He says Middleburg can be a calming, peaceful place without tension.“Middleburg is an opportunity to take a step back, to take a deep breath， and understand that even though life is moving on at a very fast pace, theres really an opportunity where youre allowed to step off for a little bit.”Parade organizers say more than 13,000 people attend even in below freezing weather. But if you ask, you will hear many different reasons why people e to watch the parade：“I e here because Im from a small town. I like how everybody es together.” “I live right down that street, right there. And thats my dog.”Middleburg looks its best at Christmas time. That may be why so many people return each year. 篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文，介绍了弗吉尼亚州的一个小镇Middleburg的圣诞传统。5Which of the following can be the best title for the text?AMiddleburgs Christmas paradeBA small town known for horsesCChristmas traditions in MiddleburgDNewer traditions at Christmastime答案C标题判断题。本文主要介绍了弗吉尼亚州的一个小镇Middleburg的圣诞传统，C项最具概括性。6At Christmas, people in Middleburg usually _.Avisit friends and familiesBfeed farm horses with hayChunt for dogs in the woodsDride in the yearly parade答案D细节理解题。根据第二段中的第二、三句“For more than 50 years, Middleburg has organized a yearly Christmas parade (游行). Men and women ride horses through the woods and fields.”可知，在圣诞节，Middleburg的人们会在一年一度的游行中骑马。7According to Trey Matheu, why do people visit Middleburg?ATo relax themselves.BTo enjoy the fresh air.CTo escape petition.DTo challenge themselves.答案A细节理解题。根据第四、五段可知，Trey Matheu认为游览Middleburg会让人感到放松、平静，可以暂时逃离快节奏的生活，因此选择A。8What do we know about the small town Middleburg?AIt makes a large profit from tourism.BIt attracts many people each year.CIt is a good place for family gatherings.DIt doesnt respect Christmas traditions.答案B细节理解题。根据倒数第四段中的“Parade organizers say more than 13,000 people attend even in below freezing weather.”可知，这个小镇每年吸引很多人游览。1search n&v. 搜寻；寻找 2.urban adj. 都市的3gather v. 聚集1take a deep breath 深呼吸2be allowed to do 被允许做原文：But first, these hunters ride in the yearly parade, wearing their bright red hunting clothes and hats.(现在分词作状语)译文：但这些猎人们首先要在一年一度的游行中骑马过市，穿戴着鲜艳的衣服和帽子。仿写：Please answer the question using_another_way.请用另一种方式回答这个问题。C限时7分All over the United States, we can find restaurants and cafes that serve what we Americans think is “foreign” food. Only recently, through conversations with people from China and Italy, have I learned that what I considered as Chinese and Italian foods were probably Americanized versions, prepared and seasoned to meet our American taste buds. When I recently interviewed the Italian owner of two Italian restaurants, I learned two key facts.Spaghetti with meatballs is not a direct import from Italy. The restaurant owner told me that in Italys far south region, there are very small meatballs served with pasta. Our American concept of the huge meatball, dripping in delicious spaghetti sauce, is just an American concept.Our American concept of “pizza” is nowhere near the Italian version. In fact the restaurant owner said that he started the pizzeria because he couldnt find a decent Italian pizza in town that suited his Italian tastes. His cafe serves more than 60 versionsa long way from our standard “cheese, pepperoni or sausage”A few years ago, when I entertained some Chinese exchange students for Thanksgiving dinner, they explained to me that what we Americans eat in “Chinese” restaurants is nowhere close to real Chinese food as they know it. They_went_so_far_as_to_tell_me_that_they_could_only_find_about_two_Chinese_restaurants_in_Miami_that_they_would_ever_visit. One thing I learned from my Chinese friends is that they dont have the “sweet tooth” for desserts that we Americans have. The pumpkin pie I had prepared for the Thanksgiving meal did not really interest them. They chose some sliced fruit instead. Perhaps thats one reason why you dont often see Chinese who are obese.Maybe, to expand our education on foreign foods, we ought to find some ethnic restaurants and try entrees that are totally new to us. Another idea would be to engage the waiter in a questionandanswer session on the ingredients (原料) of the dishes.篇章导读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。跟一些意大利人和中国人聊天后，作者才发现原来在美国的外国食物并不是正宗的外国食物。9What did the writer find recently through talking with people from China and Italy?AForeign food can easily meet American taste buds.BAmericans actually know very well about foreign food.CChinese and Italian foods actually dont taste very good.DForeign food in America actually has been Americanized.答案D细节理解题。根据第一段的“I learned that what I considered as Chinese and Italian foods were probably Americanized versions.”可知，作者明白了美国的外国食物其实是经过本土化改造的。故选D。10Whats the difference between the American version of spaghetti and pasta served in Italys far south region?AThe pasta served in Italys far south region has sauce in it.BThe American version of spaghetti has larger meatballs.CThe pasta served in Italys far south region tastes much better.DThe American version of spaghetti is served in smaller bowls.答案B细节理解题。根据第二段末句的“Our American concept of the huge meatball, dripping in delicious spaghetti sauce, is just an American concept.”可知，美国的意大利面里面的肉丸要大一些。故选B。11What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 3 tell us?AChinese students cant find nice food in Miami at all.BPeople in Miami dont like eating Chinese food.CThere are very few Chinese restaurants in Miami.DMost Chinese restaurants in Miami dont serve real Chinese food.答案D推理判断题。画线句子是为了说明前面提到的“we Americans eat in Chinese restaurants is nowhere close to real Chinese food as they know it.”，即在迈阿密的大多数中国餐馆不提供正宗的中国食物。故选D。12The writer wrote the last paragraph to _.Aencourage readers to try new foodBtell readers how to know foreign food betterCshow readers how he learnt about foreign foodDask readers to know how to prepare food答案B推理判断题。末段主要是讲如何了解外国食物。故选B。1import n& v. 进口2decent adj. 像样的；正派的3entertain v. 热情款待4expand v. 扩展1nowhere near 肯定不；远远不2prepare for 为作准备原文：Only recently, through conversations with people from China and Italy, have I learned that what I considered as Chinese and Italian foods were probably Americanized versions, prepared and seasoned to meet our American taste buds.(部分倒装)译文：直到最近，通过与来自中国与意大利的人对话，我才了解到我之前认为是中国和意大利的食物实际上可能是美国化了的版本，它们的准备和调味都是为了满足我们美国人的味蕾。仿写：Only then did_he_realize the importance of English.直到那时候他才意识到英语的重要性。D限时8分The people of Austria call their country Osterreich, which can be translated as “eastern realm”. The origin of the name goes back to the 10th century, when Austria was an eastern border area of the Holy Roman Empire. From this early beginning, Austria itself grew into a great empire. During the 16th century, its emperor was the ruler of about ten countries. Today Austria is a small but rich nation in Central Europe.Religious holidays and other festivals are joyful occasions in Austria. In some religions, for example, there is an exciting festival for scaring away the winter. Weddings are very special occasions in the villages. These are days of much singing and dancing. One of the most exciting dances to watch is the Schuhplattler that in this dance the men slap their bodies while the girls twirl (旋转) around them in their bright dresses. They dance to the music of the zither or the violin. The musicians play faster and faster toward the end of the dance until the dancers are out of breath.A favorite holiday throughout Austria is St Nicholas Day. This is the day when Saint Nicholas visits Austrian children. The night before, the children always remember to leave their shoes where Nicholas will find them. In the morning the good children find beautiful presents in their shoes, but the bad children find only pieces of mud, which means nothing to them. Krampus, a blackfaced monster who is half human and often half horse, is supposed to acpany Saint Nicholas on his travels. Bad children are especially afraid of Krampus. It is said that he carries a broom to hit very bad boys and girls.In Austria, there are three music festivals each year that attract thousands of music lovers from all over the world. Tickets to operas, concerts, and plays in Austria are often sold out weeks in advance. Even rehearsals (排练) are usually well attended by students. When the old Vienna State Opera was bombed during World War ， thousands of desperately poor Austrians contributed small amounts of money to repair the building.篇章导读：本文是说明文，主要介绍了奥地利的历史、具有代表性的节假日活动以及奥地利人民对音乐的热爱。13Austria was named Osterreich according to its_.AtraditionBlocationCpopulationDexpansion答案B推理判断题。根据第一段中的“can be translated as eastern realm. The origin of the name goes back to the 10th century, when Austria was an eastern border area of the Holy Roman Empire”可知，由于奥地利的地理位置位于神圣罗马帝国的东部边界，奥地利人称自己的国家为Osterreich，意为“东部王国”。14We know from the text that the Schuhplattler is performed_.Aby both men and womenBalong with religious musicCat the beginning of the winterDby dancers playing instruments答案A细节理解题。根据第二段倒数第三句中的“in this dance the men slap their bodies while the girls twirl (旋转) around them in their bright dresses”可知，演出者既有男人也有女人。故选A。15What will happen to the kids on St Nicholas Day?AKids always hide their shoes.BKids should behave themselves.CNicholas only gives beautiful gifts to good kids.DNicholas plays hideandseek with the kids.答案C细节理解题。根据第三段第四句中的“In the morning the good children find beautiful presents in their shoes, but the bad children find only pieces of mud, which means nothing to them.”可知，只有好孩子才会收到圣诞老人送的漂亮的礼物，而坏孩子只能够得到泥土。故选C。16What does the last paragraph mainly show?AAustrians love of music.BThe attractiveness of music.CThe influence of music on Austrians.DThree worldfamous music festivals.答案A主旨大意题。根据最后一段内容可知，奥地利每年都举办三个音乐节，歌剧、音乐会和戏剧的门票非常紧俏，奥地利人民即使生活穷困也要节衣缩食去重建剧院，这些都反映出了奥地利人民对音乐的热爱。故选A。1empire n. 帝国2acpany v. 陪伴1out of breath 上气不接下气2be supposed to 应该；被期望做3in advance 提前原文：It is said that he carries a broom to hit very bad boys and girls.(It is said that.“据说”)译文：据说他会拿着一把扫帚击打非常坏的男孩和女孩。仿写：It_is_said_that our headmaster will join us in the football game this afternoon.据说下午校长将会和我们一起参加足球赛。A限时7分xx全国卷If you are a fruit groweror would like to bee onetake advantage of Apple Day to see whats around. Its called Apple Day but in practice its more like Apple Month. The day itself is on October 21, but since it has caught on, events now spread out over most of October around Britain.Visiting an apple event is a good chance to see, and often taste, a wide variety of apples. To people who are used to the limited choice of apples such as Golden Delicious and Royal Gala in supermarkets, it can be quite an eye opener to see the range of classical apples still in existence, such as Decio which was grown by the Romans. Although it doesnt taste of anything special, its still worth a try, as is the knobbly (多疙瘩的) Cats Head which is more of a curiosity than anything else.There are also varieties developed to suit specific local conditions. One of the very best varieties for eating quality is Orleans Reinette, but youll need a warm, sheltered place with perfect soil to grow it, so its a_pipe_dream for most apple lovers who fall for it.At the events, you can meet expert growers and discuss which ones will best suit your conditions, and because these are family affairs, children are well catered for with applethemed fun and games.Apple Days are being held at all sorts of places with an interest in fruit, including stately gardens and mercial orchards (果园). If you want to have a real orchard experience, try visiting the National Fruit Collection at Brogdale, near Faversham in Kent.篇章导读：本文是说明文，介绍了英国10月21日的苹果节的有关情况。届时，人们可以观赏、品尝到各种苹果，并能参加一些活动。1What can people do at the apple events?AAttend experts lectures.BVisit fruitloving families.CPlant fruit trees in an orchard. DTaste many kinds of apples.答案D细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“Visiting an apple event is a good chance to see, and often taste, a wide variety of apples.” 可知，人们可以品尝到很多品种的苹果。故选D。2What can we learn about Decio?AIt is a new variety.BIt has a strange look.CIt is rarely seen now.DIt has a special taste.答案C细节理解题。根据第二段第二句中的“it can be quite an eye opener to see the range of classical apples still in existence, such as Decio which was grown by the Romans”可知，Decio苹果如今很罕见。故选C。3What does the underlined phrase “a pipe dream” in Paragraph 3 mean?AA practical idea.BA vain hope.CA brilliant plan.DA selfish desire.答案B词义猜测题。根据第三段中的“youll need a warm, sheltered place with perfect soil to grow it”可知，种此种苹果不易，且不现实。由此可判断，a pipe dream应意为“不现实，妄想，白日梦”。故选B。4What is the authors purpose in writing the text?ATo show how to grow apples.BTo introduce an apple festival.CTo help people select apples.DTo promote apple research.答案B推理判断题。通读全文，可以知道作者的目的是介绍苹果节的相关情况。故选B。1curiosity n. 好奇；好奇心2specific adj. 具体的；明确的1take advantage of 利用2in practice 实际上原文：If you are a fruit groweror would like to bee onetake advantage of Apple Day to see whats around.(不定式作目的状语)译文：如果你是个水果种植者，或是想成为一个这样的人，利用苹果节来看看都有什么吧。仿写：He works very hard to_catch_up_with_others.他非常努力地工作，为的是追上别人。B限时8分xx陕西高考Why do Americans struggle with watching their weight, while the French, who consume rich food, continue to stay thin? Now a research by Cornell University suggests how life style and decisions about eating may affect weight. Researchers conclude that the French tend to stop eating when they feel full. However, Americans tend to stop when their plate is empty or their favorite TV show is over.According to Dr Joseph Mercola, a health expert, the French see eating as an important part of their life style. They enjoy food and therefore spend a fairly long time at the table, while Americans see eating as something to be squeezed between the other daily activities. Mercola believes Americans lose the ability to sense when they are actually full. So they keep eating long after the French would have stopped. In addition， he points out that Americans drive to huge supermarkets to buy canned and frozen foods for the week. The French, instead, tend to shop daily, walking to small shops and farmers markets where they have a choice of fresh fruits, vegetables, and eggs as well as highquality meats for each meal.After a visit to the United States, Mireille Guiliano, author of French Women Dont Get Fat, decided to write about the importance of knowing when to stop rather than suggesting how to avoid food. Today she continues to stay slim and rarely goes to the gym.In spite of all these differences, evidence shows that recent life style changes may be affecting French eating habits. Today the rate of obesityor extreme overweightamong adults is only 6%. However, as American fast food gains acceptance and the young