2019-2020年高考英语 语法专题复习 Unit 7 The Sea教案4 北师大版必修3.doc

2019-2020年高考英语 语法专题复习 Unit 7 The Sea教案4 北师大版必修3语法剖析关系副词引导的定语从句；引导词前有介词的定语从句1.观察下列句子：The place where I went last summer is the Mountain Tai.我去去的地方是泰山。 I remember the days when I stayed in Thailand.我还记得在泰国的那些日子。The reason why Jack is so happy is that he passed the exam.杰克之所以那么高兴是因为他通过了考试。我们已经学习了用关系代词that,which,who/whom引导的定语从句。回忆一下规则，我们可以判断，以上的三个句子不可以用这几个关系代词引导。因为，关系代词要在定语从句中充当主语或宾语，而这几个句子中，定语从句部分均不缺这两种成分，所以，应该使用关系副词 where,when 和why。显然，where的先行词应该是表示地点的名词或代词，when的先行词是表示时间的名词或代词；而why的先行词应该是表示原因的名词reason。2.我们对上面的三个句子作些改变：The place to which I went last summer is the Mountain Tai.I remember the days in which I stayed in Thailand.The reason for which Jack is so happy is that he passed the exam.可以看出，上面的三个句子都需要代词来引导，并作介词的宾语。所以，我们要用关系代词which 或that。但是，that是不能跟在介词之后引导定语从句的。因此，这三个句子都用which来作引导词。3.介词放在关系代词之前的注意事项：(1)有的介词是定语从句中词组的固定搭配拆开的结果，即用什么介词由从句中的动词决定。如：He is the boy who/whom I was talking to.他是我刚才与之交谈的男孩。He is the boy to whom I was talking.(2)有的介词是根据句意添加上去的，即用什么介词由先行词决定。如：This is the subject on which he made great progress.这就是他取得巨大进步的科目。He employed 30 men,of whom 12 were from his hometown.他雇了30个人，其中有12个是他的老乡。(3)定语从句中的词组若是十分密切的固定搭配，一般不可拆开。如：Is this the pen that/which you are looking for?这是你在找的那枝笔吗?The baby who/whom my sister takes care of is so lovely.我姐姐照顾的那个婴儿是如此的可爱。(4)表时间的“介词+which”=when；表地点的“介词+which”=where；表原因的“for+which”=why。复习英语中的比较结构1.比较结构通常有下列表现形式：(1)表述两者或两者以上在某方面相似：as.as.(2)表述两者或两者以上在某方面程度不同：not as.as.；more.than.(3)表述某人或某物在某方面的独特或独一无二：the most+adj.如：Mike is as tall as our P.E.teacher.麦克和体育老师一样高。I am not as tall as Mike,that is,he is taller than I.我不如麦克高，也就是说，他比我高。Mike is the tallest boy in our class,that is,no one is taller than him.麦克是我们班上最高的男生，就是说，没人比他更高。2.几种特殊的比较结构：(1)表述某人或某物在某方面无与伦比：Wont find a more.=be the most.如：Mick is the tallest boy in our class,that is,you wont find a taller boy here! 麦克是我们班上最高的男生，就是说，在这里，你不会见到比他更高的男生了。(2)表述“越就越”：the more.,the more.如：The more he eats,the fatter he bees;the fatter he bees,the less confident he will be.吃得越多，他就越胖；变得越胖，他就越没有自信。(3)表述某人或某物在某方面的程度成倍数关系：倍数+as.as：是的几倍倍数+more.than：比程度强/多几倍倍数+the+抽象名词（表示“量度、程度”等意义的词)：是的几倍如：“长江的长度是这条河的三倍”有三种表达方式：The Changjiang River is three times as long as this river.The Changjiang River is twice longer than this river.The Changjiang River is three times the length of this river.