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2019-2020年高中英语专题Unit4Globalwarming3GrammarWriting试题含解析新人教版it可用于强调结构中。在语言的使用过程中，有时我们要根据具体语境的需要对句中的某些部分进行强调，这时候我们就需要一种特殊的句型强调句。1. 强调句型的基本结构强调句型的基本结构为：It is/was被强调部分that/who其他成分。强调句型的一般疑问句：Is/Was it被强调部分that/who其他成分？强调句型的特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词is/was itthat其他成分？Is it in xx that the 30th Olympic Games will be held in London？ 是在xx年第30届奥运会将在伦敦举行吗？How was it that your brother succeeded in finishing the difficult task？ 你哥哥是怎样成功完成了那个困难的任务的？2. 强调句型强调的成分强调句型强调的成分：主语、宾语、状语。被强调部分指人时，用who或that皆可；指物时，只能用that；被强调部分是时间、地点，原因或方式状语时，不用when，where，why或how而用that。 It was the beautiful lady that/who I met in the hotel yesterday. 我昨天在旅馆里遇到的正是这位漂亮女士。(强调宾语) It was in Beijing that we visited the Birds Nest and Water Cube. 正是在北京我们参观了鸟巢和水立方。(强调地点状语) It is my mother who/that reminds me to get up on time every day. 每天都是我妈妈提醒我按时起床。(强调主语)3. 强调句型的时态如果原句中谓语动词的时态是现在或将来时间范畴的时态(如：一般现在时、现在进行时、现在完成时/现在完成进行时、一般将来时、将来进行时、将来完成时等)，用It is被强调部分that/who其他成分。如果原句中谓语动词为过去时间范畴的时态(如：一般过去时、过去进行时、过去完成时、过去将来时等)，则用It was被强调部分that/who其他成分。 It is you that/who are to blame. 是你该受谴责。 It was at the railway station that we first met 10 years ago. 我们10年前第一次相逢是在火车站。4. 在强调句型中，强调原句中的主语时，that/who后的谓语单复数的确定。在强调句型中，若强调原句中的主语，that/who后的谓语动词的单复数应与被强调的主语的单复数形式保持一致。 The little boy has broken a beautiful jar. It is the little boy who/that has broken a beautiful jar. They are going to attend your birthday party tomorrow. It is they who/that are going to attend your birthday party tomorrow.5. 对not.until结构的强调not.until结构的强调句型为It is/was not until.that.在这一固定句型中，由于not已经前移，that后只能用肯定形式。 He didnt go to bed until ten oclock.It was not until ten oclock that he went to bed. 直到10点他才睡觉。 I didnt realize it until I got off the bus.It was not until I got off the bus that I realized it.6. 如何识别强调句型强调句型中的it is/was和that无实际意义，去掉后，句子结构仍然完整、正确，句意仍然明确；而其他句型去掉it is/was和that后，句意不完整。 It is for three hours that they have worked. 他们已经工作三个小时了。（强调句型） It is a wonder that he is still alive. 他还活着真是个奇迹。（it作形式主语）7. 使用强调句型的几个注意事项(1)若被强调成分是主语，who/that之后的谓语动词应该在人称和数上与被强调的主语保持一致。It is he who/that often helps me with my English.是他经常帮我学英语。It is trees that we plant on the hillside every year.我们每年都在山坡上种的是树。(2)若被强调成分是作主语的代词，用主格；若是作宾语的代词，则用宾格。It was he that helped me yesterday.昨天帮我的人是他。It was me that he helped yesterday.他昨天帮的人是我。(3)强调句中只用两种时态，即一般现在时和一般过去时。原句谓语动词是一般过去时、过去完成时和过去进行时，用It was.that/who.，其余的时态用It is.that/who.。It is you who/that are to blame.是你该受到指责。1.（xx天津卷）It was when I got back to my apartment _ I first came across my new neighbors.A. who B. where C. which D. that2.（xx天津卷）You are waiting at a wrong place. It is at the hotel _ the coach picks up tourists. A. whoB. whichC. whereD. that3.（xx湖南卷）It was when we were returning home _ I realized what a good feeling it was to have helped someone in trouble.A. whichB. thatC. whereD. how4.（xx重庆卷）Bach died in 1750, but it was not until the early 19th century _ his musical gift was fully recognized.A. while B. though C. that D. after 5.（xx四川卷）Was it because Jack came late for school _ Mr Smith got angry?A. whyB. whoC. whereD. that6.（xx福建卷）It was the culture, rather than the language, _ made it hard for him to adapt to the new environment abroad.A. whereB. whyC. thatD. what7.（xx湖南卷）Its not doing the things we like, but liking the things we have to do _ makes life happy.A. thatB. whichC. whatD. who.按要求改写下列各句1The car accident happened in this street yesterday.(强调地点状语)_2He left his hometown for Taiwan in his teens.(强调时间状语)_3It was he who broke the window.(改为一般疑问句)_4I found a key in his pocket.(强调宾语)_5They could not cross the river because the water had risen.(强调原因状语)_6Where did he buy the bike？(强调特殊疑问词where)_7It is the letter that you got yesterday that makes you so sad.(改为一般疑问句)_8Mike and Mary helped the old man several days ago.(强调主语)_9I didnt realize she was a famous film star until she took off her dark glasses.(强调until引导的时间状语从句)_I realized she was a famous film star.10Why did he e late for the meeting？(强调why)_he came late for the meeting?11Where did the 44th World Table Tennis Championship take place？(强调where)_the 44th World Table Tennis Championship took place?12. Did they clean the classroom yesterday？(强调they)_cleaned the classroom yesterday?.完成句子1_in the hotel where we used to stay_the murder happened. 这次谋杀正是在我们以前住过的那家旅馆里发生的。2_when I returned_ she left the meeting room. 正是在我回来的时候她离开了会议室。3_in the library_you saw our English teacher yesterday? 你昨天是在图书馆见到的我们的英语老师吗？4_you got to know I traveled to the USA? Through one of your colleagues. 你是如何知道我去美国旅游这一消息的？ 是通过你的一位同事(知道的)。5_my father made a promise that if I can do well in the next exam， he will buy me whatever I want. 是在回家的路上爸爸向我承诺，如果下次考试我考得好，他给我买我想要的任何东西。. 单句改错1. It was only when I reread his poems recently so I began to appreciate their beauty. 2. It was in Qingdao where I saw the sea for the first time. 3. It was because the bad weather that the football match had to be put off. 4. It is I who is going to be sent there to help them. 5. It was her that told me about it. 6. It is I who the teacher has punished. 7. It is no possibility that Bob can win first prize in the match. K真题1. D【解析】句意：当我回到我的公寓的时候，我首先遇见了我的新邻居。根据关键词It was开头，后面连词首选that，构成强调句型，但需要验证，本句中去掉It was 和that，句意完整，所以确定是强调句型。故选D。4. C【解析】句意：马赫死于1750年，但直到19世纪他的音乐天赋才被承认。这里是对not.until结构的强调，结构为It is/was not until.that.，故选C项。5. D【解析】句意：是因为杰克上学迟到史密斯先生才生气的吗？去掉it was和空处后本句意思完整，不缺少成分，由此判断本句是强调句型，被强调部分是because引导的状语从句，故选D。6. C【解析】句意：是文化，而不是语言，使得他很难适应国外的新环境。这个句子中含有it was，首先要考虑所给题目是不是一个强调句。把It was和空处去掉后，发现句意仍然完整清楚，所以说这里是强调句，要用that，故选C。7. A【解析】句意：不是做我们喜欢做的事情，而是喜欢我们不得不做的事情让生活幸福。强调句型：It is/ was+被强调部分（通常是主语、宾语或状语）+that/who(当强调主语且主语指人)+其他部分。本题强调主语not doing the things we like, but liking the things we have to do。故A正确。K好题.按要求改写下列各句1. It was in this street that the car accident happened yesterday.2. It was in his teens that he left his hometown for Taiwan.3. Was it he who broke the window?4. It was a key that I found in his pocket.5. It was because the water had risen that they could not cross the river.6. Where was it that he bought the bike?7. Is it the letter that you got yesterday that makes you so sad?8. It was Mike and Mary who/that helped the old man several days ago.9. It was not until she took off her dark glasses that10. Why was it that11. Where was it that12. Was it they that/who.完成句子1. It was；that2. It was；that3. Was it；that4. How was it that5. It was on my way home that. 单句改错Writing：怎样写海报海报是向大众发布某种消息的布告。海报的形式多为招聘广告、活动宣传和人物介绍。英文海报的内容常为球讯、影讯、商业报道、展览会、报告会、专题讲座等。一般的英文海报由标题、正文和落款组成。一、海报的格式1. 标题海报中往往把内容作为大字标题。如：Football Match，Film News，Good News，New Years Eve Entertainment 或者注明Poster等字样。2. 正文部分正文部分要写清楚具体内容。活动内容、地点以及参加规定、主持或举办单位等。语言多用十分简略的形式，开门见山地说明主题、活动内容。活动时间和活动地点另起一行。最后提出活动要求和注意事项。3. 落款出海报的单位署名通常放在右下角；日期位于署名的下一行，既可以写在右下角，也可以写在左下角。二、写作要求海报写作的注意事项有：1. 时态：用一般将来时和一般现在时。2. 语言：海报语言要简明扼要，有感染力，能够唤起公众的关注。句子要短小精悍，通俗易懂。文中可以用些鼓动性的词语，但不可夸大其词。3. 要求：海报一定要具体真实地写明活动的时间、地点、主要内容、参加规定及主办单位。1. Well have a show/football match on July 16th.2. There is a piece of news that well hold a .地点时间。3. .is holding活动地点时间4. We hope to raise money to help.5. The time is from.to.6. It will be held. The match will be wonderful.7. Call . at 5254324 or email.8. Please e and cheer for them.9. I hope you dont miss it.10. All are warmly wele.11. Everyone is wele.12. Catch the chance, or you will regret.13. Sigh up and have a good time.14. Hurry up to.请根据下列内容写一则海报。全球变暖问题越来越引起人们的关注，它所产生的严重后果也逐渐为人所知。为此，你校学生会特意邀请了环保专家来校举办讲座，专门就全球变暖问题产生的原因、后果，以及中学生如何应对全球变暖问题等将进行论述，并在演讲结束后回答同学们的提问。时间：星期五8:00 a.m.11:00 a.m.地点：大厅_【思路点拨】体裁海报话题环保讲座时态一般将来时人称第二人称【词汇热身】1举办讲座 2原因和影响 3导致 4处理，对付 5在结尾 【答案】1.give a lecture2.cause and effect3.lead to/contribute to/result in4.do with/deal with5.at the end of.【句式温习】1The Students Union of our school will organize a Lecture on Global Warming in the auditorium on Tuesday， December 20，xx from 3：00 to 5：00 pm. (用过去分词作定语以及将来时的被动语态改写句子) 2An expert working for the environment will give a lecture on the causes and harmful effects of global warming that results in. (用定语从句改写句子) 【参考范文】A Lecture on Global Warming organized by the Students Union of our school will be given in the auditorium on Tuesday，December 20，xx from 3：00 to 5：00 pm. An expert working for the environment will give a lecture on the causes and harmful effects of global warming that results in .Besides，he will tell us middle school students what we can do with the problem. At the end of the speech，we can ask him any question concerning global warming. All the students in our school are weled to attend this lecture.Students Union
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