2019-2020年高考英语 语法专题复习 Unit 2 Heroes教案6 北师大版必修1.doc

2019-2020年高考英语 语法专题复习 Unit 2 Heroes教案6 北师大版必修1语法剖析 一般过去时用法例句表示过去某一时刻发生的动作或情况。常与two days ago,yesterday,last week,the other day,in 1990,during the night,in ancient times等表示过去的时间状语连词。Where did you go just now? I worked in that factory last year.My mother fell ill the other day.The Red Army came into being in 1927.表示在过去一段时间内,经常性或习惯性的动作。常与every day,often,sometimes 等时间状语连用；used to + 动词原形或 would + 动词原形常用来表示过去经常或反复发生的行为。When I was a child,I often played football in the street.We sometimes went to school by bus last year.I used to smoke a lot but now I dont now.We would ask our teachers for advice when we had questions.表示过去发生的一连串动作。The monkey jumped off the tree,picked up a big stone and threw it at us.在时间 、条件、让步状语从句中用一般过去时表示过去将来的动作。He said he would e to see me if he got here.He bought some books when he went to Paris.过去进行时用法例句表示过去某一时刻或某一段时间内正在进行的动作,过去进行时常和表示过去时的时间状语词组或从句连用。I was watching TV at 8 oclock last night.The students were reading loudly when I came into the classroom.My brother fell while he was riding his bicycle and hurt himself.It was raining when they left the station.表示说话人过去对主语的行为表示赞叹,厌恶等。常与always,constantly,continually等副词连用。The manager was always thinking of his work at that time.（表赞赏）The naughty boys were constantly making trouble.（表不满）表示过去将来发生的动作。一般限于一些表示移动,方向的动词。He said that he was ing to see me the next week.Nobody knew whether he was leaving for the countryside.描述事件发生的背景。The sun was shining,the wind was blowing,and a group of soldiers were marching.现在完成时用法例句表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。通常与表示包括现在在内的时间副词just,already,before,yet,never,ever等状语连用。I have never heard of that before.Have you ever ridden a horse?She has already finished the work.Have you milked the cow yet?Yes,I have done that already.Ive just lost my science book.表示过去已经开始,持续到现在的动作或状态。可以和表示从过去某一时刻延续到现在（包括现在在内）的一段时间的状语连用。 如:for和since,及so far,now,today,this week（month,year）等。I havent seen her these days.She has learnt English for 3 years.They have lived here since 1990.What has happened to the USA in the last 350 years?现在完成时还可以用在时间和条件状语从句中,表示将来某时完成的动作。Ill go to your home when I have finished my homework.If it has stopped snowing in the morning,well go to the park.需要注意以下几个方面：(1)have been（to）和have gone（to）的区别:have/has been（to）表示“曾经去过”某地,说话时此人很可能不在那里,已经回来。侧重指经历。have/has gone（to）表示某人“已经去了”某地,说话时此人在那里,或可能在路上,反正不在这里。试比较:He has been to Beijing.他曾去过北京。（人已回来,可能在这儿。）The sea refuses no river.海不拒河水；大海有能容之量。He has gone to Beijing.他已经去了北京。（人已走,不在这儿。）(2)表示短暂时间动作的词,如e,go,die,marry,buy等的完成时不能与for,since表示一段时间的短语连用。常用的瞬间动词可转换为:buyhave,borrowkeep,leave/gobe away,beginbe on, finishbe over, beebe,marrybe married,diebe dead 等。 这本书他买了三天了。He has bought/got the book for 3 days.（）He has had the book for 3 days.（）He bought the book 3 days ago.（）(3)常用句型:It is the first/second time.that.结构中的从句部分,用现在完成时。This is the 最高级+名词that.结构,that 从句要用现在完成时。It is the first time that I have visited the city.It was the third time that the boy had been late.This is the best film that Ive（ever）seen.This is the first time that）Ive heard him sing.一般过去时与现在完成时之比较时态定义各自的时间状语共有的时间状语不同点一般过去时表示过去某时发生的动作或单纯叙述过去的事情,强调动作。yesterday,last week,ago,in1980,in October,just now等表示具体的时间状语。thismorning,tonight,ths April,now,once,before,already,recenly,lately等等。只与具体的时间状语连用。现在完成时表示过去发生的动作,强调过去的事情对现在的影响。for,since,sofar,ever,never,just,yet,till/unti,uptonow,inpast years,always等表示不确定的时间状语。只与模糊的时间状语连用,或无时间状语。分析比较下列例句:I saw this film yesterday. I have seen this film.（强调看的动作发生过了。） （强调对现在的影响,电影的内容已经知道了。）She returned yesterday. She has returned from Paris.（她是昨天回来了。） （她已从巴黎回来了。）He has been in the League for three years. He joined the League three years ago.（在团内的状态可延续。） （三前入团,joined为短暂行为。）注意:句子中如有过去时的时间副词（如 yesterday,last week,in 1960）时,不能使用现在完成时,要用过去时。例如:（错）Tom has written a letter to his parents last night.（对）Tom wrote a letter to his parents last night.