2019-2020年高考英语一轮复习专题训练第三部分专题一细节理解题.doc

2019-2020年高考英语一轮复习专题训练第三部分专题一细节理解题Passage 1xx 甲卷(全国),A体裁话题词数难度建议时间应用文戏剧表演信息2904分钟In the ing months, we are bringing together artists from all over the globe, to enjoy speaking Shakespeares plays in their own language, in our Globe, within the architecture Shakespeare wrote for. Please e and join us.National Theatre of ChinaBeijing | ChineseThis great occasion(盛会)will be the National Theatre of Chinas first visit to the UK.The panys productions show the new face of 21st century Chinese theatre. This production of Shakespeares Richard will be directed by the Nationals Associate Director, Wang Xiaoying.Date & Time: Saturday 28 April, 2.30pm & Sunday 29 April, 1.30pm & 6.30pmMarjanishvili TheatreTbilisi | GeorgianOne of the most famous theatres in Georgia,the Marjanishvili,founded in 1928, appears regularly at theatre festivals all over the world. This new production of As You Like It is helmed(指导) by the panys Artistic Director Levan Tsuladze.Date & Time: Friday 18 May, 2.30pm & Saturday 19 May, 7.30pmDeafinitely TheatreLondon | British Sign Language(BSL)By translating the rich and humorous text of Loves Labours Lost into the physical language of BSL, Deafinitely Theatre creates a new interpretation of Shakespeares edy and aims to build a bridge between deaf and hearing worlds by performing to both groups as one audience.Date & Time: Tuesday 22 May, 2.30pm & Wednesday 23 May,7.30pmHabima National TheatreTel Aviv | HebrewThe Habima is the centre of Hebrew-language theatre worldwide. Founded in Moscow after the 1905 revolution, the pany eventually settled in Tel Aviv in the late 1920s. Since 1958, they have been recognised as the national theatre of Israel. This production of Shakespeares The Merchant of Venice marks their first visit to the UK.Date & Time: Monday 28 May, 7.30pm & Tuesday 29 May, 7.30pm21.Which play will be performed by the National Theatre of China?A. Richard .B. Loves Labours Lost.C. As You Like It.D. The Merchant of Venice.22.What is special about Deafinitely Theatre?A. It has two groups of actors.B. It is the leading theatre in London.C. It performs plays in BSL.D. It is good at producing edies.23.When can you see a play in Hebrew?A. On Saturday 28 April.B. On Sunday 29 April.C. On Tuesday 22 May.D. On Tuesday 29 May.Passage 2xx 江苏,A体裁话题词数难度建议时间应用文历史方面的书1904分钟CHRONOLOGICA The Unbelievable Years that Defined HistoryDID YOU KNOW. In 105 AD paper was invented in China? When Columbus discovered the New World? The British Museum opened in 1759?CHRONOLOGICA is a fascinating journey through time, from the foundation of Rome to the creation of the internet. Along the way are tales of kings and queens, hot air balloons.and monkeys in space.Travel through 100 of the most unbelievable years in world history and learn why being a Roman Emperor wasnt always as good as it sounds, how the Hundred Years War didnt actually last for 100 years and why Spencer Perceval holds a rather unfortunate record.CHRONOLOGICA is an informative and entertaining tour into history, beautifully illustrated and full of unbelievable facts. While CHRONOLOGICA tells the stories of famous people in history such as Thomas Edison and Alexander the Great, this book also gives an account of the lives of lesser-known individuals including the explorer Mungo Park and sculptor Gutzon Borglum.This plete but brief historical collection is certain to entertain readers young and old, and guaranteed to present even the biggest history lover with something new!56.What is CHRONOLOGICA according to the text?A. A biography.B. A travel guide.C. A history book.D. A science fiction.57.How does the writer remend CHRONOLOGICA to readers?A. By giving details of its collection.B. By introducing some of its contents.C. By telling stories at the beginning.D. By paring it with other books.Passage 3xx乙卷(全国),A体裁话题词数难度建议时间说明文四位著名女性2785分钟You probably know who Marie Curie was, but you may not have heard of Rachel Carson. Of the outstanding ladies listed below, who do you think was the most important woman of the past 100 years?Jane Addams(18601935)Anyone who has ever been helped by a social worker has Jane Addams to thank. Addams helped the poor and worked for peace. She encouraged a sense of munity(社区) by creating shelters and promoting education and services for people in need. In 1931, Addams became the first American woman to win the Nobel Peace Prize.Rachel Carson(19071964)If it werent for Rachel Carson, the environmental movement might not exist today. Her popular 1962 book Silent Spring raised awareness of the dangers of pollution and the harmful effects of chemicals on humans and on the worlds lakes and oceans.Sandra Day OConnor(1930present)When Sandra Day OConnor finished third in her class at Stanford Law School, in 1952, she could not find work at a law firm because she was a woman. She became an Arizona state senator(参议员) and, in 1981, the first woman to join the U.S. Supreme Court. OConnor gave the deciding vote in many important cases during her 24 years on the top court.Rosa Parks(1913xx)On December 1, 1955, in Montgomery, Alabama, Rosa Parks would not give up her seat on a bus to a white passenger. Her simple act landed Parks in prison. But it also set off the Montgomery bus boycott. It lasted for more than a year, and kicked off the civil-rights movement. The only tired I was, was tired of giving in, said Parks.21.What is Jane Addams noted for in history?A. Her social work.B. Her teaching skills.C. Her efforts to win a prize.D. Her munity background.22.What was the reason for OConnors being rejected by the law firm?A. Her lack of proper training in law.B. Her little work experience in court.C. The discrimination against women.D. The poor financial conditions.23.Who made a great contribution to the civil-rights movement in the U.S.?A. Jane Addams.B. Rachel Carson.C. Sandra Day OConnor.D. Rosa Parks.24.What can we infer about the women mentioned in the text?A. They are highly educated.B. They are truly creative.C. They are pioneers. D. They are peace-lovers.Passage 4xx北京,A体裁话题词数难度建议时间应用文感谢学习培训中心3067分钟December 15,xxDear Alfred,I want to tell you how important your help is to my life.Growing up, I had people telling me I was too slow, though, with an IQ of 150+ at 17, Im anything but stupid. The fact was that I was found to have ADHD(注意力缺陷多动障碍). Anxious all the time, I was unable to keep focused for more than an hour at a time.However, when something did interest me, I could bee absorbed. In high school, I became curious about the puter, and built my first website. Moreover, I pleted the senior course of puter Basics, plus five relevant pre-college courses.While I was exploring my curiosity, my disease got worse. I wanted to go to college after high school, but couldnt. So, I was killing my time at home until June xx when I discovered the online puter courses of your training center.Since then, I have taken courses like Data Science and Advanced Mathematics. Currently, Im learning your Probability course. I have hundreds of printer paper, covered in self-written notes from your videos. This has given me a purpose.Last year, I spent all my time looking for a job where, without dealing with the public, I could work alone, but still have a team to talk to. Luckily, I discovered the job Data Analyst this month and have been going full steam ahead. I want to prove that I can teach myself a respectful profession, without going to college, and be just as good as, if not better than, my petitors.Thank you. Youve given me hope that I can follow my heart. For the first time, I feel good about myself because Im doing something, not because someone told me I was doing good. I feel whole.This is why youre saving my life.Yours,Tanis56.Why didnt Tanis go to college after high school?A.She had learned enough about puter science.B.She had more difficulty keeping focused.C.She preferred taking online courses.D.She was too slow to learn.57.As for the working environment, Tanis prefers .A.working by herselfB.dealing with the publicCpeting against othersD.staying with ADHD students58.Tanis wrote this letter in order to .A.explain why she was interested in the puterB.share the ideas she had for her professionC.show how grateful she was to the centerD.describe the courses she had taken so farPassage 5xx江苏,B体裁话题词数难度建议时间说明文合作是人类的本能3747分钟Chimps (黑猩猩) will cooperate in certain ways, like gathering in war parties to protect their territory. But beyond the minimum requirements as social beings, they have little instinct (本能) to help one another. Chimps in the wild seek food for themselves. Even chimp mothers regularly decline to share food with their children, who are able from a young age to gather their own food.In the laboratory, chimps dont naturally share food either. If a chimp is put in a cage where he can pull in one plate of food for himself or, with no greater effort, a plate that also provides food for a neighbor in the next cage, he will pull at random he just doesnt care whether his neighbor gets fed or not. Chimps are truly selfish.Human children, on the other hand, are naturally cooperative. From the earliest ages, they desire to help others, to share information and to participate in achieving mon goals. The psychologist Michael Tomasello has studied this cooperativeness in a series of experiments with very young children. He finds that if babies aged 18 months see an unrelated adult with hands full trying to open a door, almost all will immediately try to help.There are several reasons to believe that the urges to help, inform and share are not taught, but naturally possessed in young children. One is that these instincts appear at a very young age before most parents have started to train their children to behave socially. Another is that the helping behaviors are not improved if the children are rewarded. A third reason is that social intelligence develops in children before their general cognitive (认知的) skills, at least when pared with chimps. In tests conducted by Tomasello, the human children did no better than the chimps on the physical world tests but were considerably better at understanding the social world.The core of what childrens minds have and chimps dont is what Tomasello calls shared intentionality. Part of this ability is that they can infer what others know or are thinking. But beyond that, even very young children want to be part of a shared purpose. They actively seek to be part of a we, a group that intends to work toward a shared goal.58.What can we learn from the experiment with chimps?A.Chimps seldom care about others interests.B.Chimps tend to provide food for their children.C.Chimps like to take in their neighbors food.D.Chimps naturally share food with each other.59.Michael Tomasellos tests on young children indicate that they .A.have the instinct to help othersB.know how to offer help to adultsC.know the world better than chimpsD.trust adults with their hands full60.The passage is mainly about .A.the helping behaviors of young childrenB.ways to train childrens shared intentionalityC.cooperation as a distinctive human natureD.the development of intelligence in childrenPassage 6xx新课标全国,D体裁话题词数难度建议时间应用文风景名胜一日游2526分钟Choose Your One-Day Tours! Tour A Bath & Stonehenge including entrance fees to the ancient Roman bathrooms and Stonehenge 37 until 26 March and 39 thereafter. Visit the city with over 2,000 years of history and Bath Abbey, the Royal Crescent and the Costume Museum. Stonehenge is one of the worlds most famous prehistoric monuments dating back over 5,000 years. Tour B Oxford & Stratford including entrance fees to the University St Marys Church Tower and Anne Hathaways house 32 until 12 March and 36 thereafter. Oxford: Includes a guided tour of Englands oldest university city and colleges. Look over the city of dreaming spires (尖顶) from St Marys Church Tower. Stratford: Includes a guided tour exploring much of the Shakespeare wonder.Tour C Windsor Castle & Hampton Court including entrance fees to Hampton Court Palace 34 until 11 March and 37 thereafter.Includes a guided tour of Windsor and Hampton Court, Henry s favourite palace. Free time to visit Windsor Castle (entrance fees not included). With 500 years of history, Hampton Court was once the home of four Kings and one Queen. Now this former royal palace is open to the public as a major tourist attraction. Visit the palace and its various historic gardens, which include the famous maze(迷宫) where it is easy to get lost!Tour D Cambridge including entrance fees to the Tower of Saint Mary the Great 33 until 18 March and 37 thereafter.Includes a guided tour of Cambridge, the famous university town, and the gardens of the 18th century.33.Which tour will you choose if you want to see Englands oldest university city?A.Tour A.B.Tour B.C.Tour C.D.Tour D.34.Which of the following tours charges the lowest fee on 17 March?A.Windsor Castle & Hampton Court.B.Oxford & Stratford.C.Bath & Stonehenge.D.Cambridge.35.Why is Hampton Court a major tourist attraction?A.It used to be the home of royal families.B.It used to be a well-known maze.C.It is the oldest palace in Britain.D.It is a world-famous castle.答案Passage 1本文是一篇应用文,主要介绍的是全球的艺术家将聚集到一起用他们自己的语言表演莎士比亚的戏剧。21.A考查细节理解。根据题干中的the National Theatre of China可将答案定位于National Theatre of China部分中的Shakespeares Richard ,故选A项。【技巧点拨】对于细节理解题的解答主要采用定位的方法,找到题干的关键信息,并与原文的内容相对比,就可准确地选出答案。22.C考查细节理解。根据Deafinitely Theatre部分中的By translating the rich and humorous text of Loves Labours Lost into the physical language of BSL, Deafinitely Theatre creates a new interpretation of Shakespeares edy可知,Deafinitely Theatre的特别之处就是使用BSL表演戏剧,创造出了一种对莎士比亚喜剧的新的演绎。故选C项。23.D考查细节理解。根据题干中的Hebrew可将该题答案定位在最后一部分中。根据最后一部分中的Date & Time: Monday 28 May, 7.30pm & Tuesday 29 May, 7.30 pm可知,该题应选D项。Passage 2本文是一则应用文,介绍了一本历史方面的书籍。本书老少皆宜,通过列举具体的事例让读者阅读时了解不一样的历史。56.C考查推理判断。根据文中的CHRONOLOGICA is a fascinating journey through time, from the foundation of Rome to the creation of the internet可推断出,它与历史有关,再根据文中的CHRONOLOGICA is an informative and entertaining tour into history.this book also gives an.可知,它是一本历史方面的书籍,故答案为C。57.B考查细节理解。综合分析文中的Roman Emperor Spencer Perceval Thomas Edison and Alexander the Great等可知,文章通过介绍一些具体的内容来向读者推荐这本书。故答案为B。Passage 3本文主要介绍了在过去的一百年里四名杰出的女性以及她们为社会所做出的贡献。21.A考查细节理解。根据Jane Addams(18601935)部分的Addams helped the poor and worked for peace. She encouraged a sense of munity(社区)by creating shelters and promoting education and services for people in need.可知, Jane Addams因自己的社会福利工作而出名。故选A。22.C考查细节理解。根据Sandra Day OConnor(1930present)部分的When Sandra Day OConnor finished third in her class at Stanford Law School, in 1952, she could not find work at a law firm because she was a woman.可知,她在律师事务所找不到工作的原因是女性受到性别歧视。故选C。23.D考查细节理解。根据Rosa Parks(1913xx)部分的It lasted for more than a year, and kicked off the civil-rights movement.可知,她的举动推动了民权运动。故选D。24.C考查推理判断。Jane Addams是社会福利工作的带头人;Rachel Carson是环境运动的发起者;Sandra Day OConnor是反对性别歧视的领头人;Rosa Parks是民权运动的推动者。由此可见,这四位女性都是先驱者,故选C。Passage 4这是一封书信,作者有注意力缺陷,因此没能实现大学梦,但是一家培训中心的网站给了作者在线学习的机会,让她的生活有了目标,并且找到了一份好工作。56.B考查细节理解。题干的不去读大学告诉我们,本题的答案应该定位在第四段。该段说,作者的病情变得更糟了,因此不能去读大学,而这个疾病指的是第二段说到的ADHD,具体表现是注意力不能集中较长时间(unable to keep focused for more than an hour at a time),这与B项吻合。【特别提醒】高考阅读理解细节理解题的特点:题干通过同义转述引导我们去思考并定位答案所在段落,而不是直接问根据第几段我们知道;正确选项也不是原文复现,而是注重同义转换,比如本题B项中的had more difficulty keeping focused与文章第二段中的unable to keep focused.和第四段中的got worse就是同义转换。这对我们的理解能力提出了更高的要求。57.A考查细节理解。根据题干中的working environment,我们找到第六段中的looking for a job,该段说到作者希望的工作环境:I could work alone, but still have a team to talk to。A项中的working by herself与该句中的work alone表达的意思是一致的,因此选A。58.C考查写作目的。作者在文章开头直接说明写信的目的告诉你你的帮助对我的人生是多么重要;然后描述自己的病情,未了的大学梦,以及收信人开办的网站给作者带来的影响,因此本文的写作目的是C项:表明作者对于这个培训中心的感激。Passage 5科学家经过实验发现,与黑猩猩相比,合作是人类与生俱来的一种独有的本能。58.A考查细节理解。根据第一段中的they have little instinct (本能)to help one another和下文的实验可知,黑猩猩很少关心同伴,只顾自己。因此选项A正确。59.A考查细节理解。根据第三段首句Human children, on the other hand, are naturally cooperative.和下文对于实验结果的描述可知,帮助别人是儿童的本能,因此选A。60.C考查主旨大意。文章前两段说明了黑猩猩的自私,第三段作者话锋一转,提出了本文要说明的中心:Human children, on the other hand, are naturally cooperative。因此选项C正确。Passage 6这是一篇应用文,介绍了英国几处风景名胜一日游的相关情况。33.B考查细节理解。在Tour B中提到Oxford: Includes a guided tour of Englands oldest university city and colleges.,因此答案是B项。34.D考查细节理解。结合本文信息可知,在3月17日这一天,四个景点的票价分别为:37, 36, 37, 33,因此最低票价在Cambridge。35.A考查细节理解。根据Tour C中的With 500 years of history, Hampton Court was once the home of four Kings and one Queen.可知,这里曾经是国王和女王的住所,因此现在成为了主要的旅游胜地。