2019-2020年高考英语 阅读微技能训练 观点态度题(2).doc

2019-2020年高考英语 阅读微技能训练 观点态度题(2)Few laws are so effective that you can see results just days after they take effect. But in the nine days since the federal cigarette tax more than doubled to $1.01 per pack smokers have jammed telephone “quit lines” across the country seeking to kick the habit. This is not a surprise to public health advocates. Theyve studied the effect of state tax increases for years, finding that smokers, especially teens, are price sensitive. Nor is it a shock to the industry, which fiercely fights every tax increase. The only wonder is that so many states insist on closing their ears to the message. Tobacco taxes improve public health, they raise money and most particularly, they deter people from taking up the habit as teens, which is when nearly all smokers are addicted. Yet the rate of taxation varies widely. In Manhattan, for instance, which has the highest tax in the nation, a pack of Marlboro Light Kings cost $10.06 at one drugstore Wednesday. In Charleston, S.C., where the 7-cent-a-pack tax is the lowest in the nation, the price was $4.78. The influence is obvious. In New York, high school smoking hit a new low in the latest surveys 13.8%, far below the national average. By parison, 26% of high school students smoke in Kentucky. Other low-tax states have similarly depressing teen-smoking records. Hal Rogers, Representative from Kentucky, like those who are against high tobacco taxes, argues that the burden of the tax falls on low-ine Americans “who choose to smoke.” Thats true. But there is more reason in keeping future generations of low-ine workers from getting hooked in the first place. As for todays adults, if the new tax drives them to quit, they will have more to spend on their families, cut their risk of cancer and heart disease and feel better.1. The text is mainly about _.A. the effect of tobacco tax increaseB. the price of cigarettesC. the rate of teen smokingD. the differences in tobacco tax rate2. The underlined word deter in Paragraph 3 most probably means _.A. benefitB. freeC. discourageD. remove3. Rogers attitude towards the low-ine smokers might be that of _.A. doubtB. sympathyC. unconcernD. tolerance4. What can we learn from the last paragraph?A. Adults will depend more on their families.B. The new tax will be beneficial in the long run.C. Future generations will be hooked on smoking.D. Low-ine Americans are more likely to fall ill.All too often, a choice that seems sustainable (可持续的) turns out on closer examination to be problematic. Probably the best example is the rush to produce ethanol (乙醇) for fuel from corn . Corn is a renewable resource you can harvest it and grow more, almost limitlessly. So replacing gas with corn ethanol seems like a great idea. One might get a bit more energy out of the ethanol than that used to make it, which could still make ethanol more sustainable than gas generally, but thats not the end of the problem. Using corn to make ethanol means less corn is left to feed animals and people, which drives up the cost of food. That result leads to turning the fallow land including, in some cases, rain forest in places such as Brazil into farmland, which in turn gives off lots of carbon dioxide (CO2) into the air. Finally, over many years, the energy benefit from burning ethanol would make up for the forest loss. But by then, climate change would have progressed so far that it might not help. You cannot really declare any practice “sustainable” until you have done a plete lift-cycle analysis of its environmental (环境的) costs. Even then, technology and public policy keep developing, and that development can lead to unforeseen and undesired results. The admirable goal of living sustainable requires plenty of thought on an ongoing basis.5. The underlined word “it” in the second paragraph refers to “_”.A. the forest loss B. burning ethanol C. climate change D. the energy benefit6.The author thinks that replacing gas with corn ethanol is _.A. uselessB. ImpracticalC. AcceptableD. admirable7.What does the author mainly discuss in the text?A. Technology. B. Environmental protection. C. Ethanol energy. D. Sustainability.C It was the summer of 1965. DeLuca, then 17, visited Peter Buck, a family friend. Buck asked DeLuca about his plans for the future. “Im going to college, but I need a way to pay for it,” DeLuca recalls saying. “Buck said, You should open a sandwich shop.” That afternoon, they agreed to be partners. And they set a goal: to open 32 stores in ten years. After doing some research, Buck wrote a check for $1 000. DeLuca rented a storefront (店面) in Connecticut, and when they couldnt cover their start-up costs, Buck kicked in another $1 000. But business didnt go smoothly as they expected. DeLuca says, “After six months, we were doing poorly, but we didnt know how badly, because we didnt have any financial controls.” All he and Buck knew was that their sales were lower than their costs. DeLuca was managing the store and going to the University of Bridgeport at the same time. Buck was working at his day job as a nuclear physicist in New York. Theyd meet Monday evenings and brainstorm ideas for keeping the business running. “We convinced ourselves to open a second store. We figured we could tell the public, We are so successful, we are opening a second store.” And they did in the spring of 1966. Still, it was a lot of learning by trial and error. But the partners learn-as-you-go approach turned out to be their greatest strength. Every Friday, DeLuca would drive around and hand-deliver the checks to pay their suppliers. “It probably took me two and a half hours and it wasnt necessary, but as a result, the suppliers got to know me very well, and the personal relationships established really helped out,” DeLuca says. And having a goal was also important. “There are so many problems that can get you down. You just have to keep working toward your goal,” DeLuca adds. DeLuca ended up founding Subway Sandwich, the multimillion-dollar restaurant chain.8.Which of the following is true of Buck?A. He was studying at the University of Bridgeport.B. He was a professor of business administration.C. He put money into the sandwich business.D. He rented a storefront for DeLuca.9.What can we learn about their first shop?A. It stood at an unfavorable place.B. It lowered the prices to promote sales.C. It lacked control over the quality of sandwiches.D. It made no profits due to poor management.10.What contributes most to their success according to the author?A. Learning by trial and error.B. Making friends with suppliers.C. Finding a good partner.D. Opening chain stores.DBlind imitation（模仿）is self-destructionTo those who do not recognize their unique worth, imitation appears attractive; to those who know their strength, imitation is unacceptableIn the early stages of skill or character development, imitation is helpfulWhen I first learned to cook, I used recipes （菜谱）and turned out some tasty dishesBut soon I grew boredWhy follow someone elses way of cooking when I could create my own? Imitating role models is like using training wheels on a childs bicycle; they help you get going, but once you find your own balance, you fly faster and farther without relying on themIn daily life, imitation can hurt us if we subconsciously（下意识地）hold poor role modelsIf, as a child, you observed people whose lives were bad, you may have accepted their fear and pain as normal and gone on to follow what they didIf you do not make strong choices for yourself, you will get the results of the weak choices of othersIn the field of entertainment, our culture glorifies celebritiesThose stars look great on screenBut when they step off screen, their personal lives may be disastrousIf you are going to follow someone, focus on their talent, not their bad character or unacceptable behaviorsBlessed is the person willing to act on their sudden desire to create something uniqueThink of the movies, books, teachers, and friends that have affected you most deeplyThey touched you because their creations were motivated by inspiration, not desperationThe world is changed not by those who do what has been done before them, but by those who do what has been done inside themCreative people have an endless resource of ideasThe problem a creator faces is not running out of material; it is what to do with the material knocking at the door of imaginationStudy your role models, accept the gifts they have given, and leave behind what does not serveThen you can say, “I stand on the shoulders of my ancestors tragedies and declare victory, and know that they are cheering me on11Imitation proves useful when you_.Aknow you are unique Blose the balance of lifeCbegin to learn something new Dget tired of routine practice12To avoid the bad result of imitation, we should_Aforget daily fear and pain Bchoose the right exampleCask others for decisions Dstay away from stars13According to the author, the world moves on because of those who are_.Adesperate to influence others with their knowledgeBready to turn their original ideas into realityCeager to discover what their ancestors didDwilling to accept others ideas14The trouble a creator faces is_.Athe lack of strong motivationBthe absence of practical ideasChow to search for more materialsDhow to use imagination creatively15What is the authors purpose in writing this passage?ATo highlight the importance of creativelyBTo criticize the characters of role modelsCTo pare imitation with creationDTo explain the meaning of success