2019-2020年高中英语 Unit 3 Inventors and inventions教案 新人教版选修8.doc

2019-2020年高中英语 Unit 3 Inventors and inventions教案 新人教版选修8【美文阅读】Wireless charging for mobile phones by xx近日，日本的富士通公司宣布，他们开发出了一套能为手机等便携式电子设备无线充电的系统。Fujitsu，a Japanese technology pany，has created a system capable of simultaneously(同时地) charging many portable electronic devices such as mobile phones，digital cameras and laptops without the need for cable(电缆)connections.Electric car users may also eventually be able to charge their vehicles wirelessly using the same technology according to Fujitsu，which displayed a model system at an Institute of Electronics，Information and munication Engineers conference.Claiming to be the worlds first of its kind，the technology works on the basis of the transmission of electricity using magnetic(磁的)fields between the charger and the electronic device.The system makes it possible to charge wirelessly at distances of up to several meters，and Fujitsu aims to provide public “charging spots” on the streets in order to provide easy charging day and night.Scientists at Fujitsu Laboratories are planning to mercially sell products bining the new wireless charging system as early as xx.Mobile phone users in Japan can currently charge their batteries using portable battery devicesavailable at most train stations and convenience storesalthough phone panies warn this can damage the phones.The new system invented by Fujitsu，however，is much more advanced and represents the next generation of portable recharging systems using flexible wireless technology.The pany added，“We are also looking at applying the results of this work to fields other than portable electronics，including power transmission between circuit boards(电路板) or puter chips，and providing mobile charging systems for electric cars.”【诱思导学】1How does the wireless charging technology work?_【答案】It works on the basis of the transmission of electricity using magnetic fields between the charger and the electronic device.2When can consumers probably buy products using the new wireless charging system?_【答案】As early as xx.Period Previewing(教师用书独具)教学目标本课时主要是通过学生对学案所给出的内容的学习，了解本课文中所出现的词汇，初步了解课文以及相关的背景知识，为下一堂课对课文的全面理解起到一个铺垫作用。教学地位本单元的中心话题是“发明家与发明”。具体涉及“发明与发现的区别”、“发明产生的过程”和“申请发明专利的条件”。语言技能和语言知识都是围绕“发明”这一中心话题设计的。 本单元引导学生讨论这些话题，目的在于让学生们了解一些发明家和他们的发明创造，从而激励学生们努力学习早日为社会做出更大贡献。 (教师用书独具)新课导入建议可以通过讨论教材第19页的图画引导学生了解这些发明或发现的过程和内容。培养学生热爱科学勇于探索的好习惯。教学流程设计导入新课。学生阅读“美文阅读”与“诱思导学”(见学案第39页)。学生就“话题美文导读”进行讨论，统一答案。学生再次阅读课文(见课本第 2021页)并完成“语篇理解”(见学案第40页)。师生共同讨论并统一答案。让学生快速阅读课文，(见课本第 2021 页)并完成“篇章结构”(见学案第40页)。学生共同讨论，并让学生发表各自见解，最后统一答案。学生再次仔细阅读课文，(见课本第 2021页)进行深度理解，并完成“课文缩写”(见学案第40页)。老师指导学生讨论，共同找出答案。让学生根据所给出的表格进行自我评估(见学案第41页)。学生讨论，并让学生代表发表他们讨论得出的答案。老师予以更正。让学生完成“知识初探”部分(见学案第40页)。老师布置作业，让学生看课本第2021 页并完成课本第2122页1、2、3 题，预习学案Period (见学案第41页), 写一封求职信。.篇章结构阅读P2021的Reading部分，然后完成下列表格Why my mother was 1._Snakes came near the house 2._，and seemed to have made their home not far from the walnut tree.My first attemptI 3._ researching the habits of snakes to find the 4._ way to 5._ them.I decided to try cooling them，but failed.My second attemptI froze the bowl and icecubes again，but 6._ them where the snakes were living in the evening.The next morning the snakes were 7._，but still able to bite.I failed again.My third attemptI repeated the second procedure，but this time I 8._ a small fishing net 9._ that the snakes would try to bite again.This time the snakes were passive.I collected them，took them to the wild，and set them free.ResultI sent an 10._ to the Patent Office，wishing to patent my invention.【答案】1.upset2.now and then3.set about4.easiest5.trap6.placed7.sleepy8.held9.in the expectation10.application.语篇理解阅读P2021的Reading部分，选择最佳答案1The purpose in writing this passage is_.Ato show us how to trap the snakes but not to kill themBto tell people how to apply for a patent of the writers new ideaCto introduce the writers new idea of trapping the snakes and her application for a patent2Whats the biggest advantage of the writers new idea?AIt makes the snakes move slowly.BIt makes the snakes hardly bite us.CIt is easier for us to catch the snakes without killing them.3The snakes were finally caught by_.Ahitting them with a stickBcooling them and catching them with a netCputting them into a schoolbag4You wont get a patent before you_.Amake an inventionBcatch all the snakesClearn to operate a puter5According to the text，which subject do you think can be given a patent?AA new star discovered by a scientist.BA new novel written by Huo Da.CA new way to make dirty water clean.【答案】15CCBAC.课文缩写When I 1._ my mother on the phone she was very upset，because some snakes came near her house 2._.I thought it was a chance for me to 3._ myself by inventing something 4._ that would get rid of the snakes.I 5._ researching the habits of snakes to find the easiest way to trap them.Finally I decided on three possible 6._.My first two attempts both failed，so I had to improve my design again.To my great delight，this time I succeeded.All was in 7._ and at last I collected the 8._ snakes and 9._ released them all back into the wild. Pressed by my friends and relations，I decided to 10._ the opportunity to get recognition for my successful idea by sending my invention to the patent office.【答案】1.called up2.now and then3.distinguish4merciful5.set about6.approaches7.expectation8passive9.merrily10.seize.词义搭配1patentAa special document that gives you the right to make or sell a new invention or product2distinguish Bsudden and unexpected3perfume Cto recognize and understand the difference between two or more things or people4abrupt Da sweet or pleasant smell5caution Eto take hold of something suddenly and violently6expectation Fa set of papers，records etc.that contain information about a particular person7seize Gthe quality of being very careful to avoid danger or risks8file Hwhat you think or hope will happen【答案】1.A2.C3.D4.B5.G6.H7.E8.F.短语填空apply for；decide on；call up；now and then；set about；pick up；work out；seize the opportunity；distinguish.from1We must _ a plan acceptable to all as quickly as we can.2Having _ a career in journalism，I wrote to all the major newspapers asking for an interview.3She _ the telephone and dialed his number.4The new government must _ finding solutions to the countrys economic problems.5He _ his son，but there was no reply.【答案】1.work out2.decided on3.picked up4.set about5.called up.句型背诵1The first thing I did was to see if there were any products that might help me，but there_only_seemed_to_be powders designed to kill snakes.我所做的第一件事就是看看有没有现成的产品能帮助我，但是，看来只有一种毒杀蛇的药粉。2Only_after_you_have_had_that_recognition can you say that you are truly an inventor.只有在得到这种认可之后，你才可以说自己是一个真正的发明家。3The criteria are so strict that it is difficult to get new ideas accepted unless they are truly novel.(评定)专利标准非常严格，除非新想法真的很新颖，否则它们很难被接受。4Nor will you receive a patent until a search has been made to find out that your product really is different from everyone elses.直到你的产品被证实与其他任何人的都不同你才能获得专利。Period Warming Up & Reading(教师用书独具)教学目标(1)熟记学案中所列出的单词和短语。(2)通过学案中所给出的重点单词和重点短语的学习，让学生能够正确理解和使用这些单词和短语，能够运用这些词语造句。(3)通过对这些词汇的学习能够更深层次的理解课文，并通过课文加深对这些词汇的理解，更加熟练的运用这些词汇。(4)通过对本课文的理解，让学生学会用英语写求职信类的文章，并培养学生养成自觉用英语写作的好习惯，以提高学生的书面表达能力。教学地位单词和短语是构成句子的最小单位，在语言学习中起着至关重要的作用，所以理解和正确运用英语单词和短语是英语学习的重点所在。(教师用书独具)新课导入建议Have you ever invented something in your daily life？Whose invention do you think has influenced our life greatly？Now I want to ask sb. to say something about his /her inventions or some inventions he thinks best.教学流程设计老师检查上节课所布置的作业，检查学生对学案预习的情况。导入新课。让学生就“互动探究”(见学案第41页)进行讨论，让学生各自发表自己的见解，然后让各个讨论组派代表汇报各自讨论结果。让学生再次阅读课文，(见课本第 2021页)以加深对所学单词与短语的理解。老师针对难点和重点词汇进行讲解，并补充学案中所遗漏的重点词汇，补充一些必要的练习。让学生针对各自不同的意见展开讨论，然后老师给出详细正确答案。让学生完成“自我评估”(学案第46页)。布置作业。让学生完成课本第21页第1、2、3题，“课时作业”和预习Period (见学案第47页)。1call up给打电话；使想起；回忆When I called up my mother in the countryside on the telephone she was very upset. (教材P20)当我打电话给乡下的母亲时，她显得焦躁不安。The music calls up old times.音乐让人回想起往日时光。call back召唤某人回来；再访；回电话call for需要；要求；接(人或物)call in邀请；请来call on拜访(人)；号召call in on简短拜访call at拜访(某地)call off取消The government calls on the youth to donate their blood voluntarily.政府号召青年义务献血。He is ill；you should call in the doctor right away.他病了，你应该立即请大夫来。完成句子我昨晚给你打电话，但没人接。I tried to _ last night，but no one answered the phone.这张老照片勾起了我对童年的回忆。This old photo _ my childhood.比赛因大雨而被取消。The game _ due to the heavy rain.你回家时能顺便探望一下奶奶吗？Could you _ Grandma on your way home?【答案】call you upcalls up memories ofwas called offcall in on2now and then偶尔；有时(sometimes，but not often)Snakes e near the house now and then，and they seem to have made their home here，not far from the walnut tree.(教材P20)蛇时不时地爬到屋边来，可见这几条蛇似乎是在胡桃树附近安家了。We havent seen each other for years，but we chat online now and then.我们已有多年未见过面了；但是我们有时会上网聊一聊。Id like to go to the cinema now and then.我喜欢偶尔去看电影。表示“有时、偶尔”的词语有：(every) now and againfrom time to timeat times once in a whileoccasionally a little now and a little thenBut once in a while，people decide to buy fewer cars.但是，人们偶尔会减少汽车的购买量。Every now and then a plane would take off.不时会有一架飞机起飞。【提示】from time to time强调经常性；now and then等强调间歇性。完成句子(按空格数填空)马西亚仍然不时地出现在电视上。Marcia still appears on TV _.小狗儿有时也会溜出去，但通常是待在院子里。_ the puppy ran away，but usually he stayed in the yard.我说英语有时出错。_I make mistakes when I speak English.我偶尔和他去看电影。I _go to the movies with him.【答案】now and then/now and againOnce in a while/From time to timeAt timesoccasionally/sometimes3Here was a chance for me to distinguish myself by inventing something merciful that would catch snakes but not harm them.(教材P20)这回我有机会来表现一下自己，我要发明某种仁慈的东西，既可以把蛇抓住又不会伤害到它们。(1)distinguish vt.& vi.显出的差别；使有所不同；辨别People who can not distinguish between colours are said to be colourblind.不能辨别颜色的人称为色盲。What was it that distinguished her from her classmates?是什么使得她有别于班上其他同学呢？distinguish oneself (as) (作为)表现突出；使自己与众不同；使自己成名distinguish between.and.区分/辨别和distinguish.from.使有别于；使具有区别于的特征distinguish.by.以为特征distinguished adj.卓越的；杰出的；著名的distinguishable adj.可区别的distinction n区别She has already distinguished herself as an athlete.作为运动员她已享有盛名。At what age are children able to distinguish between right and wrong？儿童到什么年龄才能明辨是非？完成句子你应学会明辨是非。You should learn to _ right _ wrong.这对孪生儿长得很像，没有人能分辨得出哪个是哪个。The twins are so alike that no one _one _the other.【答案】distinguish between；andcan distinguish；from(2)merciful adj.宽大的；仁慈的They asked him to be merciful to the prisoners.他们要求他对犯人要以慈悲为怀。mercy n仁慈，宽容show/have mercy to sb.对某人仁慈show no mercy to sb.对某人无情at the mercy of任由摆布，在掌握中Its a mercy.口语真是幸运！mercifully幸运地；宽大地They were lost at sea at the mercy of wind and weather.他们在海上迷失，任由大风和天气摆布。Its a mercy that the accident happened so near the hospital.幸亏事故发生在离医院很近的地方。单项填空Antonio was _ that he even showed _ to Shylock.Amerciful；mercyBmercy；mercifulCkindly；pitiful Dmercy；to mercy【解析】merciful adj.在句中作表语；show mercy to sb.为固定结构，“对某人仁慈”。【答案】A4The first thing I did was to see if there were any products that might help me，but_there_only_seemed_to_be powders designed to kill snakes.(教材P20)我所做的第一件事就是看有没有什么产品能帮助我。但是，似乎只有用来毒死蛇的药粉能用。(1)but连接两个并列分句。在第一个并列分句中，主干是The first thing.was to see.，I did是省略关系词的定语从句，修饰thing；if引导的是宾语从句，在这个宾语从句中，that might help me是定语从句，修饰products。在第二个并列分句中，过去分词短语designed to kill snakes作后置定语，修饰powders。(2)there seemed to be是there be句型的变体，表示“似乎有”。there be句型中的be有时还可以换成其他表示“有，存在”的词，如：live，stand，lie，remain，appear，seem to be，e等。there be结构是一个看似简单但命题空间很大的知识点。【提示】在“there be.”句型中，be动词前可以加can，may，must，ought to，used to，happen to，seem to，appear to等情态动词或动词短语。There happened to be no one in the room.碰巧房间里没有人。单项填空(xx贵阳高二调研)_a certain doubt among the people as to the practical value of the project.AIt hasBThey haveCIt remains DThere remains【解析】本题考查there be结构，这里用remains代替了is。【答案】D完成句子过去这儿曾有一座庙。_ a temple here.【答案】There used to be5set about开始；着手(about是介词，其后常接名词或动名词)I set about researching the habits of snakes to find the easiest way to trap them.(教材P20)我着手研究蛇的习性，以便能找到捕蛇的最简易的方法。She set about the business of cleaning the house.她动手打扫起房子来。After the earthquake，the people set about rebuilding their homes.地震过后，人们开始重建家园。set out 出发，启程；开始set off 出发；动身be set in 以为背景set back 阻碍某事物发展；把(钟表指针)往回拨set aside 留出；对不予考虑set down 记下；写下set up 树立(榜样)；设立；创立set free 释放；使获得自由He set out to paint the whole house.他着手给整幢房子上漆。She set aside a little money each week for future use.她每周省出一点钱以备将来使用。【对接高考】(xx浙江高考)Armed with the information you have gathered，you can_preparing your business plan.Aset out Bset aboutCset off Dset up【解析】句意：有这些你所收集的信息，你可以着手(set about doing sth.)准备你的商业计划了。A选项表示“打算，着手”，其后常接不定式形式作宾语；C选项表示“出发，使爆炸”；D选项表示“建立，设立”。根据语意及空格后的preparing可确定选项。【答案】B用适当的介词、副词填空She tries to set _ some money every month.On receiving the assignment，we set _ to work at once.I have set _everything that happened.The girl attendant has set _ cleaning the room.【答案】asideoutdownabout6They abruptly disappeared into a convenient hole in the wall.(教材P20)它们一下子就消失在墙壁附近的洞里了。 (1)abruptly adv.突然地，意外地；唐突地The train stopped abruptly，nearly tipping me out of my bunk.火车突然停住，我差点儿从床位上摔下来。The interview ended abruptly.采访突然结束。abrupt adj.突然的，意外的；粗鲁的，唐突的，生硬的an abrupt turn 急转弯in an abrupt manner 无礼的态度an abrupt change 突然改变The abrupt change of the weather resulted in heavy losses to the farmers.突然的天气变化使得农民们损失惨重。This road is full of many abrupt turns.这条道路有许多急转弯。She was very abrupt with me in our meeting.在我们会面时，她跟我说话非常生硬。完成句子举止粗鲁的人在这里不受欢迎。A man _ is not wele here.单句改错Our discussion was abrupt stopped._ 【答案】with an abrupt mannerabruptabruptly(2)convenient adj.方便的；适宜的；合适的；在近处的；近便的Will it be convenient for you to start work tomorrow?你明天开始工作方便吗？Our house is convenient for the shops.我们家到商店很方便。It is convenient (for sb.) to do sth.(某人)干某事是方便的sth.is convenient (for sb.)某事(对某人来说)是方便的if/when it is convenient to sb.如果某人方便的话convenience n方便，便利at ones convenience 在某人方便时It is very convenient to pay by credit card.用信用卡付款非常方便。Can you telephone me at your convenience to arrange a meeting?你能不能在你方便时给我来个电话，安排见一次面？【提示】convenient主语不能是人。例如：“如果你方便的话”英语应表达为：if it is convenient to/for you，而不应表达为：if you are convenient。【对接高考】(xx天津高考)The secretary arranged a(n)_time and place for the applicants to have an interview.Aimportant BspareCpublic Dconvenient【解析】考查形容词辨析。句意：秘书为参加面试的求职者安排了合适的时间和地点。convenient“便利的，方便的”，符合句意。【答案】D单句改错If you are convenient，please e to help me._【答案】If you are convenientIf it is convenient to you完成句子在你方便的时候，请来接我。e by to pick me up _.你会发现这种食物既快又方便准备。Youll find the food quick and _.【答案】at your convenienceconvenient to prepare7caution n小心；谨慎；警告This time with great caution I bent down to examine the snakes and I found them very sleepy.(教材P20)这一次我小心翼翼地蹲下去检查的时候，发现蛇都是睡意浓浓的。Dad always drives with caution.爸爸开车一直十分小心。with caution小心地；谨慎地cautious adj.小心的；谨慎的be cautious of/about.对很小心/谨慎She is cautious of telling secrets.她很谨慎，不会泄露秘密。翻译句子The policeman let the driver off with a caution._【答案】警察向司机提出警告后就让他走了。8expectation n预料；期待；期望This was in the expectation that the snakes would bite again.(教材P21)这是因为我预料蛇还会再咬人。Its our expectation that you will do it well.我们期待你干得出色。She looked at me with expectation.她满怀期待地看着我。e up to ones expectations达到某人的期望live up to ones expectations不辜负某人的期望in expectation of/that.预料beyond expectations出乎意料against expectations与预期相反expect vt.预料；预计；期待；期望expect that.预料expect(sb.)to do sth.期望(某人)做某事；预料(某人)做某事I usually enjoy his films，but the latest one didnt e up to my expectations.我向来喜欢看他的电影，但最近的一部并不像我期望的那样好。The event did not live up to expectations.这项比赛有负众望。Against all expectations，she was enjoying herself.完全没想到她过得非常快活。【提示】expectation意思为“期望的事物，前景”时，常用复数。(xx石家庄高二月考)There is a general _ that he would won the first prize in the petition.Acongratulation BapplicationCexpectation Dinvitation【解析】句意：人们普遍期望他能在竞赛中取得第一名。congratulation“祝贺”；application“应用，用途，申请”；expectation“预料，期望”；invitation“邀请，招待”。【答案】C9seize vt.抓住；捉住；夺Pressed by my friends and relations，I decided to seize the opportunity to get recognition for my successful idea by sending my invention to the patent office.(P21)由于亲戚和朋友的敦促，我决定抓住这次机会把我的发明送到专利局去，请他们对我这次成功的思路给予认可。He seized her by the arm.他抓住她的胳膊。They seized the airport in a surprise attack.他们通过突袭攻占了机场。seize a chance/an opportunity抓住机会/时机seize sb.by the arm抓住某人的手臂seize on/upon 突然大为关注，抓住(可利用的事物)seize up停止运转，发生故障；(身体)发僵The rumours were eagerly seized upon by the local press.当地报纸迫不及待地对这些传闻加以炒作。The engine suddenly seized up.发动机突然发生故障。She seized me by the wrist.她抓住我的手腕。【提示】表示“抓住/打在某人的某个部位”时常用：seize/hit sb.on/in/by the身体部位George _ the good chance to present his proposal to the director，and at last，it was adopted.ArealizedBseizedCdelivered Dreleased【解析】句意：乔治抓住了那个好机会向主管提出自己的建议，最后建议被采纳了。seize“抓住(时机)”与后面的宾语chance吻合。【答案】B10Only_after_you_have_had_that_recognition_can_you_say that you are truly an inventor.(教材P21)只有你已经获得了那种认证，你才能说自己是一个真正的发明者。only状语(副词、介词短语或状语从句)位于句首时，句子需部分倒装。Only then did I know the importance of learning.直到那时我才知道了学习的重要性。Only in this way can we solve the problem.只有用这种办法我们才能解决问题。Only when he finishes the work can he go home.只有在做完工作之后，他才能回家。Only recently have I allowed myself to think of that again.只有到了最近我才再次考虑这件事。【提示】当有从句时，倒装的是主句，从句不倒装。当only修饰其状语不位于句首，或位于句首的only用来修饰的不是状语，而是主语时，均不用倒装。Only my parents know the secret.只有我父母知道此秘密。He found his watch missing only yesterday.直到昨天他才发现手表不见了。【对接高考】(xx天津高考)Only after Mary read her position the second time _ the spelling mistake.Adid she notice Bshe noticedCdoes she notice Dshe has noticed【解析】句意：只有到玛丽再次读她的作文之后她才注意到这个拼写错误。“only状语从句”放于句首时，主句须用倒装语序。after引导的是时间状语从句，接在only之后，放于句首，所以主句要用倒闭，可排除B、D两项。而且根据语境知read和notice都是过去发生的动作，所以答案为A。【答案】A翻译句子(用倒闭句式)只有在战后他才得知那个不幸的消息。_只有当他回来的时候，我们才查明了真相。_只有用这样的方法我们才能学好英语。_【答案】Only after the war did he learn the sad news.Only when he returned did we find out the truth.Only in this way can we learn English well.11The criteria are so strict that it is difficult to get new ideas accepted unless they are truly novel.(教材P21)(评定)专利标准非常严格，除非新的想法确实很新颖，否则很难被接受。句中so.that.句型，意为“如此以至于”。这里that引导结果状语从句。主句和从句是原因与结果的关系，意为“