2019-2020年高考英语一轮复习第一部分教材课文要点Module2NoDrugs夯基提能作业外研版必修.doc

2019-2020年高考英语一轮复习第一部分教材课文要点Module2NoDrugs夯基提能作业外研版必修.阅读理解阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。AMedical studies have shown that smoking leads to health problems not only for the smoker, but also for people who are around. As a result of this, many people believe that smoking should not be allowed in public places. Although there are arguments on both sides, I strongly agree that a ban is the most appropriate course of action.Opponents of such a ban argue against it for several reasons. Firstly, they say that passive smokers can make the choice not to breathe in other peoples smoke by going to places where smoking is not allowed. If they would prefer not to smoke passively, then they do not need to visit places where smoking is permitted. In addition, they believe a ban may possibly drive many bars and pubs out of business as smokers will not go there anymore. They also argue it is a matter of freedom of choice. Smoking can lift ones spirit and it is not against the law, so individuals should have the freedom to smoke where they wish.However, there are more convincing arguments in favor of the ban. First and foremost, it has been proven that tobacco consists of carcinogenic(致癌的) pounds which cause serious harm to a persons health, not only the smoker. In particular, the pregnant women and kids suffer much more than ordinary ones. It is simply not fair to press this terrible effect upon another person. It is also the case that peoples health is more important than businesses. In any case, pubs and restaurants could adapt to a ban by, for example, allowing smoking areas. In conclusion, it is clear that it should be made illegal to smoke in public places. This may improve the health of thousands of people, and it is most definitely a positive development.1.What is the writers attitude towards the ban?A.Disapproving.B.Supportive.C.Skeptical.D.Indifferent.2.One who is against the ban holds the view that.A.smoking does no harm to peoples healthB.passive smokers can choose to stay awayC.smoking in public is more enjoyableD.people are free to do anything in bars3.Paragraph 3 is written to.A.stress the importance of smoking areasB.offer supporting evidence to the banC.clarify the harmfulness of smokingD.ask people to focus on personal health4.Whats the main idea of the passage?A.Positive aspects of smoking.B.The views of people opposed to the smoking ban.C.Different views on the smoking ban in public.D.The reasons why the smoking ban should be issued.BCigarette smoking is the most important preventable cause of death in the United States. It accounts for more than 440,000 of the annual 2.4 million deaths.Cigarette smokers have a higher risk of developing several chronic disorders.These include fatty build-up in arteries,several types of cancer and lung problems.Build-up of fatty substances in the arteries is a chief contributor to the high number of deaths from smoking.Many studies detail the evidence that cigarette smoking is a major cause of coronary heart disease,which leads to heart attack.Cigarette smoking is so widespread and significant as a risk factor that the Surgeon General has called it“the leading preventable cause of disease and deaths in the United States”.Cigarette smoking increases the risk of coronary heart disease by itself.When it acts with other factors,it greatly increases risk.Smoking increases blood pressure,decreases exercise tolerance and increases the tendency for blood to clot.Smoking also increases the risk of coronary heart disease after bypass surgery.Cigarette smoking is the most important risk factor for young men and women.It produces a greater relative risk in persons under age 50 than in those over 50.Women who smoke greatly increase their risk of coronary heart disease and stroke pared with nonsmoking women.Cigarette smoking bined with a family history of heart disease also seems to greatly increase the risk.Studies show that cigarette smoking is an important risk factor for stroke.Cigarette smoke produces several effects that damage the cerebrovascular system.5.What does the underlined phrase“account for”in the first paragraph mean?A.Have effect on.B.Make up.C.Reduce by.D.Take off.6.Why does smoking cause so many deaths?A.It can cause build-up of fatty substances in the arteries.B.It harms the hearts,which is the main cause of deaths.C.It harms our immune(免疫的)systems.D.It hurts our brains a lot.7.If we have some illnesses in our heart,smoking can.A.harm the bloodB.reduce the beat of the heartC.more likely cause coronary heart diseaseD.cause blood to clot in our body.语法填空阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。(xx全国卷模拟五)Married people are twice as likely to bee fat than single people, scientists claim. Greek researchers 1 (find) that married couples were more likely to bee fat due to their significantly changed lifestyle as they let themselves go.Married men are three times as likely to suffer obesity while married women are twice as likely to have weight problems, it found. The research, 2 (base) on the study of more than 17,000 couples aged between 20 and 70, found that married couples exercised less 3 (frequent), had poor nutrition and were fortable in their lives. Married couples spend more time 4 (eat) together, sit in front of the TV and often order takeaway meals while exercising less. Professor Dimitris Kiortsis, one of the studys co-authors, said 5 obesity was found to be directly related 6 a change in lifestyle. He said that unmarried individuals originally spend a lot of time keeping fit and making themselves attractive in order to find a partner, 7 once they get married 8let themselves go. “The need to hunt for a partner is reduced,” he said. “Stress and anxiety is reduced in a good marriage. There is less smoking, and therefore ones appetite increases.” 9 study advised married couples to take more exercise, to have only one home-cooked meal a day, to avoid snacks, and to follow a Mediterranean diet 10 includes a lot of fruit, vegetables and olive oil.1.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.9.10.答案精解精析.阅读理解A语篇解读对于在公共场合吸烟的禁令,人们持有不同的观点。1.B推理判断题。根据第一段中I strongly agree that a ban is the most appropriate course of action.以及最后一段可知,作者对待这个禁令的态度是支持的。2.B细节理解题。根据第二段中Firstly,they say that passive smokers can make the choice not to breathe in other peoples smoke by going to places where smoking is not allowed.以及they do not need to visit places where smoking is permitted可知,反对禁烟令的人认为,被动吸烟者可以通过不去有人吸烟的区域避免吸入二手烟。3.B主旨大意题。根据第三段中there are more convincing arguments in favor of the ban以及其后内容可知,作者写这一段是为了给这个禁令提供支持的论据。4.C主旨大意题。根据全文内容可知,本文围绕着颁布公共场合禁烟令的事件展开了议论,提出了对于这条禁令的不同观点。B语篇解读最新的研究表明,吸烟可以导致动脉脂肪的堆积,这是目前吸烟导致死亡的主要原因。吸烟者患上心脏病或者中风的几率很高。研究同样发现,家族吸烟患病率会更高。5.B词义猜测题。联系后面的“of the annual 2.4 million deaths”我们知道,在每年死亡的240万人中,吸烟致死的占44万,因此account for在这里是“占据,组成”的意思。6.A细节理解题。从文章第一段中Build-up of fatty substances in the arteries is a chief contributor to the high number of deaths from smoking.我们知道,动脉脂肪堆积是吸烟造成死亡的主要原因。7.C细节理解题。从文章第二段中Cigarette smoking increases the risk of coronary heart disease by itself.When it acts with other factors,it greatly increases risk.我们知道,如果本身有心脏方面的疾病,吸烟会增加冠状心脏病的患病几率。.语法填空语篇解读科学家跟踪调查发现已婚的男人比单身男人更容易发胖,背后的原因是什么呢?1.found考查动词时态。根据that从句中的谓语动词were可知,主句谓语动词也应该用一般过去时。2.based考查非谓语动词。两个逗号之间是非谓语动词作状语,根据be based on可知此处应该用过去分词based。3.frequently考查词性转换。设空处要用副词修饰动词exercised。4.eating考查非谓语动词。根据语境此处考查固定搭配:spend time doing sth.花时间做某事。5.that考查宾语从句。设空处引导宾语从句,该从句意思完整,结构正确,所以应填that。6.to考查固定搭配:be related to与相关的。 7.but考查连词用法。前后两个分句在意思上是转折关系,要用but连接。8.they考查代词用法。根据语境和themselves可知,此处要用复数的主格代词they。9.The考查冠词用法。这项研究建议已婚夫妇多进行体育锻炼。此处特指这项研究。10.which/that考查定语从句。设空处引导定语从句,修饰先行词a Mediterranean diet,从句中缺少主语,应该用关系代词that/which引导。