2019-2020年高考英语一轮复习构想Unit21HumanBiology课时作业北师大版选修.doc

2019-2020年高考英语一轮复习构想Unit21HumanBiology课时作业北师大版选修一、单元跟踪过关.单句语法填空1Robbed (rob) of her gold necklace, which is meaningful to her, she became unhappy.2Nobody can tolerate being_cheated (cheat), and thats why he has no friend.3Equipped (equip) with new scientific farming methods, they have been able to use less farmland than in the past.4We cant submit to the fate. Instead, we should take a positive attitude to the present situation.5More and more people are tending to read books by puters or phones rather than go (go) to library to read books.6The meeting which is reported to_be_held (hold) this month has been put off till the end of next month.7His disability prohibited his going (go) to university.8Its very dangerous for children to cross the busy street.9They always look for excuses to postpone doing (do) something.10If Bob had_e (e) here yesterday, he could have seen Jackie Chan.单句改错1I hate it when people speak ill of me from my absence.fromin/during2The more time I spend with my pet dog, the well I like it.wellbetter3Ill show you to a store tomorrow when you can buy what you need.whenwhere4Granny likes square dancing. It is great fun and a good exercise as well as.将后一个as删除5The little girl always remains silent in class unless asking to answer questions.askingasked6The gold medal will go to whomever crosses the line first.whomeverwhoever7The manager has made clear that he will retire at the end of this year.在made后加上it8These trousers look nice on me. I wonder how much do they cost.将do删除9The shopkeeper did not want to sell for which he thought was not enough.whichwhat10If he passed the driving test last week, he wouldnt have to practise so hard now.在passed前加上had.完成句子1他站在那里，不知道在他身上将会发生什么。He stood there, not knowing what was_about_to_happen_to him.2急救中心配有装备，可处理这种灾难。The emergency services are equipped_to_deal_with disasters of this kind.3我对他很有信心。I have great faith/confidence_in_him.4过去的几周里，他的健康状况变得越来越坏。His health has been_declining these past few weeks.5假使你不来，你就会错过所有的美食。If you dont e, youll_miss_out all of the good food.二、高考模拟写作(xx湖北联考)假定你是李华，你今天在21st Century上看到一则乱扔垃圾砸伤行人的报道，打算就此事用英文给该报写一篇文章谈谈你的看法。文章内容包括：1事件报道；2看法；3建议。注意：1.词数100左右；2文章的开头已为你写好(不计入总词数)；3可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。In todays newspaper, an accident was reported._答案：范文赏读In_todays_newspaper,_an_accident_was_reported. Someone was badly hurt by a bottle thrown out of a window of a building. Actually, if we look around, we will find that things of this kind are not unmon.Cigarette ends, cans, plastic bags and bottles can be seen here and there.Needless to say, such behavior will ruin our environment and bee a bad habit if we do nothing. In my opinion, every one of us should first of all make sure that we dont throw rubbish around ourselves.What is more, we should persuade others not to do so.And finally, rules should be made to stop such behavior.Only in this way can we create a better environment and live more happily.大题巧练21Unit 21Human Biology授课提示：对应学生用书第305页A卷一、阅读理解A(xx浙江卷)Two things changed my life: my mother and a white plastic bike basket. I have thought long and hard about it and its true. I would be a different person if my mom hadnt turned a silly bicycle accessory into a life lesson I carry with me today.My mother and father were united in their way of raising children, but it mostly fell to my mother to actually carry it out. Looking back, I honestly dont know how she did it. Managing the family budget must have been a very hard task, but she made it look effortless. If we plained about not having what another kid did, wed hear something like, “I dont care what soandso got for his birthday, you are not getting a TV in your room/a car for your birthday/a lavish sweet16 party.” We had to earn our allowance(零用钱) by doing chores around the house. I can still remember how long it took to polish the legs of our coffee table. My brothers can no doubt remember hours spent cleaning the house. Like the two little girls growing up at the White House, we made our own beds(no one left the house until that was done) and picked up after ourselves. We had to keep track of our belongings, and if something was lost, it was not replaced.It was summer and, one day, my mother drove me to the bike shop to get a tire fixedand there it was in the window. White, shiny, plastic and decorated with flowers, the basket winked at me and I knewI knewI had to have it.“Its beautiful，” my mother said when I pointed it out to her. “What a neat basket.”I tried to hold off at first. I played it cool for a short while. But then I guess I couldnt stand it any longer: “Mom, please can I please, please get it? Ill do extra chores for as long as you say. Ill do anything, but I need that basket. I love that basket. Please, Mom. Please？”I was desperate.“You know，” she said, gently rubbing my back while we both stared at what I believed was the coolest thing ever，“If you save up you could buy this yourself.”“By the time I make enough itll be gone！”“Maybe Roger here could hold it for you，” she smiled at Roger, the bike guy.“He cant hold it for that long, Mom. Someone else will buy it. Please, Mom, please？”“There might be another way，” she said.And so our paying plan unfolded. My mother bought the beautiful basket and put it safely in some hiding place I couldnt find. Each week I eagerly counted my growing savings increased by extra work here and there(washing the car, helping my mother make dinner, delivering or collecting things on my bike that already looked naked without the basket in front). And then, weeks later, I counted, recounted and jumped for joy. Oh, happy day! I made it! I finally had the exact amount wed agreed upon.Days later the unthinkable happened. A neighborhood girl Id played with millions of times appeared with the exact same basket fixed to her shiny, new bike that already had all the bells and whistles. I rode hard and fast home to tell my mother about this disaster. This horrible turn of events.And then came the lesson Ive taken with me through my life：“Honey, your basket is extraspecial，” Mom said, gently wiping away my hot tears. “Your basket is special because you paid for it yourself.”语篇解读这是一篇记叙文。小时候，作者的家教十分严格，母亲不轻易给子女买东西。但一件事情深深地震撼了作者，也教给了她值得铭记一生的道理用勤劳的双手去创造属于自己的财富。1. What can we learn from the first two paragraphs?A. The children enjoyed doing housework.B. The author came from a welloff family.C. The mother raised her children in an unusual way.D. The children were fond of the US presidents daughters.答案与解析：C考查推理判断。从第二段中母亲对我们种种严格的要求可推知，作者的母亲与其他父母养育小孩的方式不同，她对我们很严格，故选C项。2. When the author saw the basket in the window, she _.A. fell in love with itB. stared at her motherC. recognized it at onceD. went up to the bike guy答案与解析：A考查细节理解。从文章第三段的“.the basket winked at me and I knewI knewI had to have it”以及下文作者特别期盼得到它的行为可以推断出，作者第一眼看见这个车篮就爱上了它，故选A项。3. Why did the author say many “pleases” to her mother?A. She longed to do extra work.B. She was eager to have the basket.C. She felt tired after standing too long.D. She wanted to be polite to her mother.答案与解析：B考查推理判断。从第三段至第五段的内容可知，作者在文中多次提到“please”这个单词是为了表达自己迫切想要得到这个车篮的心情，故选B项。4. By using “naked”(Paragraph 12), the author seems to stress that the basket was _.A. something she could affordB. something important to herC. something impossible to getD. something she could do without答案与解析：B考查推理判断。根据上文作者为了获得车篮而作出的种种努力可知，此处表示的是对作者来说，没有车篮的车子看起来就像是“赤身裸体的”，这从侧面反映了车篮对作者的重要性，故B项正确。5. To the author, it seemed to be a horrible turn of events that _.A. something spoiled her paying planB. the basket cost more than she had savedC. a neighborhood girl had bought a new bikeD. someone else had got a basket of the same kind答案与解析：D考查细节理解。从文章倒数第二段“Days later the unthinkable happened. This horrible turn of events”可知答案。6. What is the life lesson the author learned from her mother?A. Save money for a rainy day.B. Good advice is beyond all price.C. Earn your bread with your sweat.D. God helps those who help themselves.答案与解析：C考查推理判断。通读全文可知，作者通过自己小时候想要车篮的经历告诉我们，要用勤劳的双手去创造属于自己的财富，C项最能表达文章的主旨。B(xx山东模拟)“A good book might clarify something you knew little about, transform your world view, or move you in ways you didnt think possible. The Soul of an Octopus(章鱼) delivers on all three，” the magazine New Scientist mented.After writing about birds, pigs and tigers, US naturalist Sy Montgomery decided to choose these manyfooted animals as the subject of her latest book, The Soul of an Octopus, a surprising exploration into the wonder of consciousness.“Here is an animal with poisonous liquid like a snake, a beak(喙) like a parrot, and ink like an oldfashioned pen. It can weigh as much as a man and extend as long as a car, yet it can pour its baggy, boneless body through an opening the size of an orange. It can change color and shape. It has a tongue covered with teeth. It can taste with its skin.” Montgomery explained to the National Geographic on why octopuses inspired her.What Montgomery is able to show in The Soul of an Octopus is that octopuses are creatures who exhibit personality, intelligence and emotion, despite having nervous systems pletely different from our own. She uses different experiments to show that they possess consciousness as well as individual personalities. For example, based on her research, she finds out that Octavia, an octopus caught in the wild, is friendly and good at multitasking. And Kali, another octopus, who has been living at the New England Aquarium, is playful and love exploring.Montgomery is a good storyteller. Through her study of, and munication with, these extraordinary creatures she shares what she learns from both science and her experiences. Her skillful writing presents facts together with personal description, which makes the book very informative but easy to read.语篇解读本文主要介绍了美国博物学家Sy Montgomery所写的一本书The Soul of an Octopus。7. Why is The Soul of an Octopus thought highly of?A. It is themed with a manyfooted animal.B. It mainly explores consciousness and wonders.C. It pares octopuses with birds, pigs and tigers.D. It offers new knowledge and changes your viewpoints.答案与解析：D考查推理判断。根据第一段新科学家杂志的评论可推知，The Soul of an Octopus这本书不仅增加了人们的知识，而且改变了人们的看法，因此受到了高度评价。8. Octopuses impress Montgomery greatly because _.A. they have unique physical functioningB. their liquid can be used as good inkC. they behave more like snakes and parrotsD. their body can shrink to the size of an orange答案与解析：A考查推理判断。根据第三段的“It can weigh as much as a man. It can taste with its skin”可推知，章鱼独特的构造及特殊能力给Sy Montgomery留下了深刻印象。9. What does Montgomery think of octopuses according to Paragraph 4 ?A. They are friendly with each other.B. They are similar to humans in a way.C. They municate with humans well.D. They have different nature from humans.答案与解析：B考查推理判断。根据第四段的第一句“What Montgomery is able to show in The Soul of an Octopus is that octopuses are creatures who exhibit personality, intelligence and emotion, despite having nervous systems pletely different from our own”可推知，尽管神经系统与人类完全不同，章鱼也是有性格、智力和情感的，这在某种意义上与人类是相似的，这与本段所列举的两个例子“is friendly and good at multitasking”“is playful and loves exploring”呼应。10Which of the following best describes the book?AVivid but unreal.BScientific and readable.CBoring and ridiculous.DInteresting but fictional.答案与解析：B考查推理判断。根据文章最后一段的最后一句“Her skillful writing presents facts together with personal description, which makes the book very informative but easy to read”可推知，这本书不仅知识丰富而且有很强的可读性。二、语法填空Last Christmas, the circus _11_ (own), Jimmy Gates, decided to take some presents to a childrens hospital. Dressed up as Father Christmas and _12_(acpany) by a “guard of honour” of six pretty girls, he set off down the main street of the city riding a baby elephant called Jumbo. He should have known _13_ the police would never allow this sort _14_ thing. A policeman approached Jimmy and_15_(tell) him he ought to have gone along a sidestreet as Jumbo was delaying the traffic. Though Jimmy agreed to go _16_ once, Jumbo refused to move. Fifteen policemen had to push very hard _17_(get) him off the main street. The police had _18_ difficult time, but they were most amused. “Jumbo must weigh a few tons，” said a policeman afterwards, “so it was _19_(fortune) that we didnt have to carry him. Of course, we should arrest him, but as he has a good record, we shall let _20_ off this time.”11_12._13._14_15._16._17_18._19._20_答案：语篇解读马戏团主人骑着小象去为儿童送礼物。由于小象阻碍了交通，警察设法让小象离开了主街道。11owner考查名词。作主语应该用名词，circus owner意为“马戏团主人”。12acpanied考查非谓语动词。过去分词表被动，作伴随状语。13that考查连词。that引导宾语从句。14of考查介词。this sort of thing意为“这种事情”。15told考查动词时态。此处用一般过去时。16at考查介词。at once意为“立即，立刻”。17to get考查非谓语动词。动词不定式作目的状语。18a考查冠词。have a difficult time是个固定词组。19fortunate考查词性转换。此处用形容词作表语。20him考查代词。作动词宾语应该用人称代词宾格形式。B卷一、阅读理解A(xx江西检测)The old shopkeeper led me through to the back of the shop. The room was filled with boxes and dusty photographs of people holding packages in their hands.Mr. Hopkins said, “We have a very wide choice of items for sale. Whenever I serve a new customer, I take his picture.” Mr. Hopkins pointed to an ancient camera on a table.I began to appreciate the lovely items on sale. I spent a very pleasant hour being shown the modities in the shop. Finally, I bought an antique jewelry box, a pair of riding boots and a sewing machine.I was very excited that I had found such a good little shop. “I will tell all my friends about your lovely place.” I told the shopkeeper. “Please dont do that, sir，” said Mr. Hopkins. “This is a special place for special people. You must keep this shop a secret.” Then he took my photograph and handed me the picture straight away.“That was quick！” I exclaimed. In the picture I looked proud and excited holding the presents I had bought there.On Christmas Day, my friends and relatives were delighted with the presents I had bought for them. For weeks, my brother begged me to take him to the wonderful little shop. I finally agreed.We walked along Oxford Street, passed the department store and found nothing. In its place was an empty space being used as a car park. I checked the area again. There was the music shop, and there was the department store. In between should have been Hopkins and Son, but it wasnt there.Just then, an old policeman came. “Are you looking for something, sir？” he asked. “I am looking for a little shop called Hopkins and Son.”“Oh yes, there was a shop here once called Hopkins and Son. But it was knocked down over 30 years ago.”I looked again at the place, and then I reached into my pocket and took out the photograph that Mr. Hopkins had taken of me holding my presents in the little shop.“How strange！” I screamed.语篇解读作者在一个商店买了一些别样的圣诞礼物，但是几个星期后再去，那个商店早已经不在了。难道这一切都是一场梦？1. What did the author think of Hopkins and Son?A. Big and modern.B. Old and outdated.C. Little and dusty.D. Lovely and wonderful.答案与解析：D考查细节理解。根据第四段的“I had found such a good little shop”“I will tell all my friends about your lovely place”可知，作者觉得Hopkins and Son这个店极好。2. We can infer from Paragraph 4 that Mr. Hopkins _.A. was ashamed of his little shopB. didnt like his shop to be advertisedC. was one of the authors special friendsD. handed the author his picture immediately答案与解析：B考查推理判断。根据第四段的“This is a special place for special people.You must keep this shop a secret”可推知，Mr.Hopkins并不想让自己的店被很多人知道，故选B。3. What does the underlined word “modities” refer to?A. The goods in the shop.B. The authors gifts.C. Photographs taken by Mr. Hopkins.D. Packages held by other customers.答案与解析：A考查词义猜测。根据第三段的最后一句“Finally, I bought an antique jewelry box, a pair of riding boots and a sewing machine”可知，作者看过店里的商品后，挑了几件自己如意的东西买了，由此可推知modities的含义是商品。4. What can we learn about the shop?A. It was closed by the police.B. It was wellknown in that area.C. It was knocked down a few weeks ago.D. It was between a music shop and a department store.答案与解析：D考查细节理解。根据第七段的“There was the music shop, and there was the department store.In between should have been Hopkins and Son, but it wasnt there”可知，Hopkins and Son位于一个音乐店铺和一家百货公司之间。B(xx吉林检测)The Coral Sea is home to an amazing variety of turtles, sharks, whales, dolphins, large fish, birds, corals, plants, and many other species. Many of these species are endangered elsewhere in the world, but still survive in the healthy environment of the Coral Sea.The Coral Sea is a large series of coral reefs located off the northeast coast of Australia. This area is three times larger than Australias famous Great Barrier Reef, which the Coral Sea borders.The Coral Sea is one of the few coral reef environments that have remained largely undamaged by overfishing, oil and gas exploration and pollution. However, statistics show that coral reefs around the world are disappearing five times faster than rainforests. It is very likely that in the near future the Coral Sea will face the same threats to its existence.The Australian government is currently looking at options for protecting the Coral Sea but has made no decisions. Environmentalists are pushing for laws to declare the Coral Sea area a marine protected area. This would mean a large “notake zone” for fishermen, a noexploration zone for gas and oil panies and a nodump zone for pollution. This would make the Coral Sea a marine park larger than any in the world.We can write letters to Australian leaders, Australian environmental protection agencies, and Australian friends, to let them know that people worldwide support this protection of the Coral Sea. To lose this last great marine wildness would be a loss for the whole world.For more information, CLICK here please.语篇解读本文是一篇说明文，介绍了位于澳大利亚东北海岸的珊瑚海，它面临着即将消失的威胁。澳大利亚政府正在寻找方案，希望能保护这个伟大的野生海洋世界。5. What is the authors purpose in writing this passage?A. To teach people how to protect the Coral Sea.B. To call for the public awareness to protect the Coral Sea.C. To show the amazing features of the Coral Sea.D. To explain the function of the Coral Sea.答案与解析：B考查写作意图。根据倒数第二段可知，该文旨在提高公众保护珊瑚海的意识。故选B。6. What is the most important reason for protecting the Coral Sea?A. The Coral Sea, home to many species, will disappear soon.B. The Coral Sea is rich in oil and gas.C. The Coral Sea is three times larger than Great Barrier Reef.D. The Coral Sea will be a marine park larger than any in the world.答案与解析：A考查细节理解。根据第一段第一句及第三段的最后两句“However, statistics show that coral reefs around the world are disappearing. It is very likely that in the near future the Coral Sea will face the same threats to its existence”可知，拥有许多物种的珊瑚海很快会消失，因此它需要保护。故选A。7. You can most probably read this passage _.A. in a guidebook B. on a websiteC. in a science textbook D. on a TV show答案与解析：B考查推理判断。根据文章最后一段“For more information, CLICK here please”可知，要获得更多的信息，请点击这里。因此可以在网上读到该文。故选B。8. Which of the following is not mentioned in the passage?A. The reason for protecting the Coral Sea.B. The way to protect the Coral Sea.C. The location of the Coral Sea.D. The