资源描述
扣考纲话题诵读,固考基教材梳理,析考点重难突破,课后限时检测,话题28 自然 话题词汇 【常见单词】 1hit/strike.v.袭击，灾难突然发生 2injure v伤害，受伤 3rescue v拯救 4unite v团结，联合 5recover v复原，恢复 6decrease v& n减少,7support v& n支持 8panic v& n惊慌 9meaningful adj.有意义的 10natural adj.自然的 【常见短语】 1call on呼吁，号召 2give away 赠送，捐献 3cut off切断，中断 4take on 呈现 5return to normal恢复正常,经典语篇 【写作要求】 假如你是天津市某中学高三学生，学生会的干部，请你根据以下内容写一封倡议书给某英语报社，叙述拟开展活动的内容并发表自己的看法。 倡议书 为了更好地利用学习资料，我们倡议髙三同学在毕业之际捐出用过的书报、杂志等学习资料赠送给低年级的同学。 活动意义：增进友爱，鼓励节约，保护环境，深受师生赞扬和支持。,活动地点：校图书馆一楼 活动时间：6月1121日 学生会 4月29日 注意：词数不少于100；可适当加入细节，使行文连贯；开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 参考词汇：增进promote,Dear schoolmates， Im a student of Senior Three in a high school in Tianjin._ Students Union April 29th,【参考范文】 Dear_schoolmates， Im_a_student_of_Senior_Three_in_a_high_school_in_Tianjin.In order that we can make the best use of our learning materials, the Students Union of our school is arranging an activity.We students of Senior Three are called on to give away our used books, newspapers or magazines to the students in the lower grades.The idea, which is intended to promote friendship, encourage economy and protect environment, is highly praised and supported by the teachers and students.The activity will last about ten days, from June 11 to 21.,As a student, Im strongly for the activity because it is very meaningful and helpful.I hope this kind of activity will continue in the future. Students_Union April_29th,一试身手 【句型转换】 1将句型改为不定式作目的状语。 _, the Students Union of our school is arranging an activity. 2将句型改为非谓语动词作定语。 _ _, is highly praised and supported by the teachers and students.,In order to make the best use of our learning materials,The idea intended to promote friendship, encourage economy and protect environment,【完成句子】 1地震灾区已经呈现新面貌。 The earthquakestricken area _. 2为了供自己读完艺术学校，她把过去购置的所有东西都卖掉了。 She sold everything shed ever bought _ _. 3他们被切断了与家乡的所有联系。 They _their homeland.,has taken on a new look,in order to support,herself through art school,had been cut off from all contact with,一、单词速览 1. _ vi.& vt.属于某个等级，将归为某个等级；排列 n.等级，地位；军衔 2 _ adj. 满意，满足，甘愿 3 _ vt. 归因于，归功于；欠债 4 _ prep.& conj. 考虑到，鉴于 5 _ adj. 绝对的，完全的,rank,content,owe,considering,absolute,6 _ vt. 判刑 n. 判决，宣判 7 _ n. 管理，管控；规章制度，条例 8 _ vt.& vi. 登记，注册 n. 登记表，注册簿 9 _ vt.& vi. 离婚，使分离 n. 离婚，分离 10 _ adj. 极冷的，冰冻的 adv. 极冷地 _ adj. 冰冻的，结冰的，极冷的,sentence,regulation,register,divorce,freezing,frozen,11 _ vt. 装备，配备 _ n. 设备，装备 12 _ vt. 任命，委任；指定(时间、地点) _ n. 约会，任命 13 _ n. 灵感；启发灵感的人(或事物) _ vt. 鼓舞，激励；赋予灵感 14 _ vt. 强调；重读 n. 强调；重读，重音；压力 _ adj. 紧张的，压力重的,equip,equipment,appoint,appointment,inspiration,inspire,stress,stressful,15 _ n. 帮助，援助 _ v. 帮助，协助 16 _ n. 评估，评价 _ vt. 评估，评价 17 _ adj. 充满活力的；动态的 18 _ n. 定居点；定居；(问题的)解决 _ vt.& vi. 解决；定居 19 _ n. 移民，移居 _ v. 移民，移居 20 _ adj. 模棱两可的，不明确的，有歧义的,assistance,assist,assessment,assess,dynamic,settlement,settle,immigration,immigrate,ambiguous,21 _ adj. 绝对的，完全的 22 _ adj. 强制的；义务的 23 _ n. 兴奋，激动 vt. 使非常兴奋、激动 24 _ vt. 联想，联系 adj. 非正式的；副职的 _ n. 协会，社团；联合，关联；联想，联系 25 _ adj. 明显的，显而易见的 26. _ n. 装饰品；装潢 _ vt. 装饰；装潢,absolute,compulsory,thrill,associate,association,apparent,decoration,decorate,【看单词，学构词】 在14.stressful中，ful 是常见的构成形容词的后缀，常用在名词后表示“充满的，有性质”的意思。类似的课标词汇还有：awful，beautiful，careful，colorful，helpful，meaningful，powerful，useful，wonderful，successful等。,二、短语快译 1. _ 外出寻找机会 2 _位于，坐落于 3 _被指控犯有罪 4 _代表某人，代替某人 5 _在方面，从方面来说 6 _仅次于 7 _尤其，特别 8 _为的所在地,seek ones fortune,be located in,be charged with,on behalf of sb.,in terms of,second only to,in particular,be home to,9 _提前 10 _迎合，满足 11 _满足于 12 _值得，应受 13 _夺取对的控制 14 _为了 15 _除了；此外,in advance,cater to,be content to do sth.,be worthy of,seize control of,in a gesture to,apart from,16 _就而言 17 _配备 18 _置之不理 19 _由于，因为；归功于 20 _判处死刑,as far as.is concerned,be equipped with,put aside,owing to,sentence sb.to death,三、句式构建 1表示地点的介词短语位于句首，句子用完全倒装 _ ，which is often called the CN Tower for short.位于多伦多心脏地带的是加拿大国家塔，它经常被简称为CN塔。,In the heart of Toronto is the Canadian National Tower,2“名词/代词非谓语动词”构成的独立主格结构 Montreal，a port in the province of Quebec，is the second largest city in Canada，and also the second largest Frenchspeaking city in the world，_.港口城市蒙特利尔位于魁北克省境内，是加拿大第二大城市，也是世界上第二大法语城市(最大的是巴黎)。,Paris being the largest,3while引导让步状语从句，意为“虽然，尽管” So，_ _，Australia is indeed a great sporting nation！虽然所以，澳大利亚人在体育方面只看不练的人数可能占很高的比例，但是澳大利亚的确是一个体育大国！,while a high percentage of Australians may be people who watch sports rather than do them,4as引导非限制性定语从句，指代整个主句的内容 The Roman alphabet is a Greek invention，_，a long distance race created in honour of a Greek soldier who ran from Marathon to Athens to report the victory at the Battle of Marathon in 490 BC.罗马字母表是希腊人的发明，马拉松赛跑也是。这项长跑比赛是为了纪念一名希腊战士而创立的。公元前490年，他从马拉松一直跑到雅典去报告马拉松战役大捷。,as is the marathon,解析8个考纲单词 1content adj.满意，满足，甘愿 vt.满足，满意 n内容，目录 (教材P14)The rest are content to just sit in their cosy armchairs and watch.其他人则仅仅满足于坐在舒服的扶手椅上观看比赛。,(1)be content to do sth. 乐于做某事 be content with 对满足/满意 (2)content oneself with 满足于；使(某人)自己对感到满足,We should never content ourselves with book knowledge only.我们永远不要仅仅满足于书本知识。 He is content to_live in the country.他愿意住在乡下。 He had to be content with third place. 他只好屈居第三名。,2owe vt.归因于，归功于；欠债 (教材P14)Many people owe their love of sport to the perfect weather conditions for it.许多人把他们对体育运动的热爱归功于适合体育运动的完美气候条件。 (1)owe.to. 欠；把归功于；应感激 owe sb.sth.(owe sth.to sb.) 欠某人某物 owe for sth. 欠 (2)owing to. 因为，由于,I owe it to you that I am still alive. 幸亏有你我现在才仍然活着。 I owe you an apology for what I did last night. 我应该为昨天晚上的事向你道歉。 Owing_to bad weather the plane had to change its course.由于天气恶劣，飞机不得不更改航线。 I owe my brother 1,000 yuan.我欠我哥哥1 000元钱。,3equip vt.装备，配备；使本身具有(必要的学问，能力之类) (教材P14)Since most tennis courts are equipped with lights.many school children regularly take afterschool tennis lessons.因为大多数网球场装有照明设备很多学校的孩子们放学后都定期上课后网球课。 (1)equip.with. 用装备 equip.for. 为而准备 be equipped with 配备着 (2)equipment n. 装备，设备,Please equip yourself with a sharp pencil and a rubber for the exam.请准备一支尖的铅笔和一块橡皮参加考试。 Your training will equip_you_for your future job. 你的训练使得你能够胜任将来的工作。 Our factory is_equipped_with modern machines. 我厂是用现代化机械装备的。 4associate vt.联想，联系 adj. 非正式的；副职的 (教材P18)In particular，we associate ancient Greek civilization with the capital city of Athens，the greatest symbol of which is the Acropolis.我们特别要将古希腊文明与其首都城市雅典相联系，雅典最伟大的标志就是雅典卫城。,(1)be associated with 与相关联 associate.with. 把与相联系；联想 (2)in association with. 与合作/合伙 People always associate Hangzhou with the West Lake.人们总是把杭州与西湖联系在一起。 I wouldnt want to be_associated_with Mckeys project.我不想和麦基的计划有任何瓜葛。 The book was published in_association_with a British association. 这本书是和英国的一个协会合作出版的。,高考链接 (2013湖北高考)According to the law，all foreigners have to_ with the local police within two weeks of arrival. Aassociate Bdispute Cnegotiate Dregister,【解析】 这里说的是在警署登记注册，用register表示“登记，注册”，register with表示“在处登记”。associate将联系起来；dispute异议，争论，争吵；negotiate协商，谈判。句意：按照该法律，所有外国人在到来的两周内必须到当地警署登记。 【答案】 D,5appoint vt.任命；委派；指定；约定 (教材P19)In a gesture to help preserve history，the Greek government appointed a committee in 1975 to undertake a complete repair of the Acropolis.为表示其帮助保存历史的意愿，希腊政府于1975年任命了一个委员会来负责卫城的全面修复工作。,(1)appoint sb.(as)sth.任命某人担任 appoint sb.to do sth. 指派某人做某事 appoint a time/place for. 确定的时间/地点 (2)appointment n. 约会；预约；任命 make/keep/break an appointment 预约/守约/违约 keep/break ones appointment 守/违约,Do they appoint him as the secretary? 他们任命他为秘书了吗？ We have not yet appointed_a_time_for the next meeting. 我们还没安排下次会议的时间。 I have_an_appointment_with him at four oclock. 我和他四点钟有个约会。,6assessment n评估，评价 (教材P19)The committee is also undertaking important work to educate the public，based on the assessment that the best way to protect the Acropolis is to prevent damage.保护卫城的最好方式是防止破坏。基于这一认识，该委员会还在教育公众方面做了重要的工作。 (1)assessment of sth.对某物的评价 (2)assess sb./sth.(as sth.) 评定某人/某物(为) assesswh 从句 评定 assess sth.(at sth.) 将某物估价(为),Id assess your chances as extremely low. 我估计你的机会极微。 They assess his house at 15,000 yuan. 他们给他的房子的估价为15 000元。 She came to the assessment and passed in all areas. 她参加并通过了所有的评估。,7sentence vt.判刑 n判决，宣判 (教材P27)In 1603，Raleigh was charged with the crime of betraying his country，and sentenced to death.在1603年，Raleigh被指控背叛自己的国家并被判死刑。 (1)sentence sb.to 判某人刑 be sentenced to 被判处 (2)make sentences with. 用造句 serve a sentence 服刑,The judge sentenced him to six months in prison. 法官判他入狱服刑6个月。 Make sentences with these new words and expressions.请用这些新词和短语造句。 He is sentenced to the maximum term of imprisonment.他被判处最长的刑期。,8stress vt.强调；重读 n强调；重读，重音；压力 (教材P31)In addition，getting these historic sites recognized by the rest of the world is helpful for preserving and repairing them，as it stresses to everyone their extreme importance and value. 另外，使这些历史遗址得到国际认可有助于保护和修复它们，因为这向世人强调了它们极大的重要性和宝贵价值。,(1)under stress 处于压力中 put/lay stress on/upon 强调的重要性 cause/reduce stress 造成/减少压力 (2)stress the importance of 强调的重要性,That school lays stress on/upon mathematics and reading.那所学校非常重视读算两科。 Is a persons behavior under stress a reliable gauge of his character？人在受到压力时的行为能作衡量其品性的可靠尺度吗？ I think the company stresses_the_importance_of cost and not enough on quality. 我认为公司对成本强调有余，而对质量重视不足。,单词对点集训 .单词拼写 1Add up all the money I _(欠)you. 2I didnt want to be _(有联系)with it at all. 3Im perfectly _(满意的)with the answer. 4His work experience _(配备)him to deal with all kinds of people. 5We must _(指定)a time for the next meeting.,6He was right in his _(评估)and wrong in his prediction. 7Put a _(重音)on the first note in each bar. 8She is _(宣判)to four years in prison，but be released early for good behaviour. 【答案】 1.owe 2.associated 3.content 4.equipped 5.appoint 6.assessment 7.stress 8.sentenced,.单项填空 1The doctors made an _ of the damage and said she must have an operation immediately. Aapplication Bassumption Carrangement Dassessment 【解析】 考查名词辨析。句意：医生们评估了她的伤害程度，说她必须马上进行手术。assessment评估；application申请；assumption设想；arrangement安排。 【答案】 D,2Carter Druse _ his being selected for the important task to his courage，devotion and knowledge of the area. Aled Bowed Cdevoted Dcontributed 【解析】 考查动词的辨析。句意：Carter Druse 把他被选拔参与这项重要任务归功于他的勇气、忠诚和该领域的专业知识。owe.to.把归功于 【答案】 B,3Tom often goes to school on foot，_ when it rains. Aspecially Bespecially Cgenerally Dnormally 【解析】 especially意为“尤其是”，其后可接名词、介词短语以及状语从句。 【答案】 B,4_ with a special ability to learn language，she knows ten languages very well and uses them freely. ATo be equipped BEquipped CEquipping DHaving equipped 【解析】 equipped with意为“具备”。 【答案】 B,5Mr. Black is a careful and experienced engineer，so he is often _ to finish some challenging tasks. Aappreciated Bapproached Cappointed Dagreed 【解析】 考查动词的辨析。句意：布莱克先生是个细心且有经验的工程师，因此经常被任命去完成一些挑战性的任务。appoint任命；appreciate感激；approach接近；agree同意。 【答案】 C,6The English teacher _ the importance of reading aloud. Astressed Bdisplayed Cadmitted Dobserved 【解析】 考查动词的辨析。句意：英语老师强调了大声朗读的重要性。stress强调；display展示；admit承认；observe观察。 【答案】 A,7I have an appointment _ Dr. Smith, but I need to change it. Ato Boff Cwith Dfrom 【解析】 考查固定短语。句意：我和史密斯医生有个预约， 但我需要变更一下。have an appointment with sb. 和某人有约。 【答案】 C,8(2014蚌埠市高中毕业班适应性考试)A healthy life is frequently thought to be _ with open countryside and homegrown food. Atied Bbound Cinvolved Dassociated 【解析】 be associated with与有关，与句意相符。be tied to束缚于；be bound to必定，注定；be involved in涉及。 【答案】 D,9Not content_ her new car，Selina now wants a bike for trips into the city center. Awith Bfor Cto Dabout 【解析】 句意：由于Selina不满意她的新车，她现在想骑一辆自行车去市中心旅行。be content with对满意/满足。 【答案】 A,10(2014娄底模拟)The young man _ with stealing on the bus was _ to one years prison. Acharging；sentenced Bcharged；sentenced Caccused；sentencing Daccusing；sentenced 【解析】 句意：那个被指控在巴士上偷东西的年轻人被判处一年牢狱。be charged with意为“被指控”；accuse则应与介词of搭配，且此处作后置定语，表被动关系，第一空应选charged。第二空意为“被判处”，为被动语态，故选sentenced。 【答案】 B,分析3个高考短语 1second only to 仅次于 (教材P2)Canada is one of the largest countries in the world，second only to Russia，and has always been famous for its fantastic natural scenery.加拿大是世界上国土面积最大的国家之一，仅次于俄罗斯，素来以其绮丽的自然风光闻名。,second to none 最好的 next to 几乎，仅次于；紧挨着 be superior to 比强 be junior/senior to 比小(地位低)/大(地位高) This model is technically superior to its competitors. 这一款式在技术上超过了与之竞争的产品。 Frankly speaking，we dont consider them to be_superior_to us.坦率得说，我们认为他们并不比我们优越。,2on behalf of 代表某人，代替某人 (教材P27)In 1616，he was given permission to make a trip to South America to look for gold on behalf of King James.1616年，他被允许代表詹姆士国王去南美洲寻找黄金。 on behalf of sb.on sb.s behalf 代表/代替某人；因为某人；为了某人 in behalf of sb.in sb.s behalf 为帮助某人，代表某人,Dont trouble to do it on my behalf. 不要为了我去麻烦了。 On behalf of the department I would like to thank you all.我谨代表本部门感谢大家。 The president cant be here today，so Im going to speak in_his_behalf. 总裁今天不能来，所以我将代表他发言。,高考链接 (2013辽宁高考)_everyone here，I wish you a pleasant journey back to your country. ABy means of BOn behalf of CIn search of DFor fear of 【解析】 by means of意为“用，凭借”；on behalf of意为“代表”；in search of意为“寻找”；for fear of意为“担心”。根据后半句句意“我祝愿你回国的旅途愉快”可知答案，即“我代表这里的每个人”。 【答案】 B,3in terms of 在方面；从方面来说 (教材P31)It is apparent that the Qing Tombs are influenced by the Ming Tombs，especially in terms of architecture and the way they are placed among the surrounding mountains and valleys.清陵明显受到明陵的影响，尤其是在建筑风格以及根据周围山脉山谷选择陵寝地址方面。,in the long/short term 就长/短期看 be on good/bad terms with sb. 与某人交情好/不好 come to terms with sb. 与某人和解；妥协；让步,I am on good terms with my neighbors. 我与邻居们交情不错。 In_the_long_term，this plan is effective. 从长远看，这个计划是有效的。 The country is very poor and it has to come to terms with the neighbouring countries. 这个国家很穷， 它必须与邻国和解。,短语对点集训 .选词填空 be fond of；be home to；cater to；fill out；be bound to；seize control of；in particular；be charged with；in terms of；on behalf of；second only to 1Mr Knight cannot be here，so his wife will accept the prize _. 2Xiao Shenyangs performances _ popular taste.,3Will you please _ the questionnaires? 4They wanted to _ the company by acquiring a majority of its stock. 5He _ murder but found innocent later and was set free. 6I like Yao Ming _，for he is really great. 7Is it a mans weak point to _ beautiful female looks? 8The forests which used to _ various animals were burned into ashes in the terrible fire.,9The euro will have a circulation _ that of the dollar. 10_ money，hes quite rich，but not in aspect of happiness. 【答案】 1.on behalf of him/on his behalf 2.cater to 3fill out 4.seize control of 5.was charged with 6.in particular 7.be fond of 8.be home to 9.second only to 10In terms of,.单项填空 1Do you know what made Susan so upset？I saw her weeping just now. _ giving away state secrets. ACharged with BBeing charged with CAccusing of DTo be accused of,【解析】 考查非谓语动词。句意：你知道什么使苏珊如此难过吗？我刚才看见她在哭。被指控泄露国家机密。根据句子结构可知，本句需用动名词短语作主语代替问句中的what。 【答案】 B,2To tell _ truth，the future is still a long way to go；we just arrived at _ crossroads，_ new turning point；we will face a new challenge. Athe；a；a Ba；the；/ Ca；/；the Dthe；a；the 【解析】 考查冠词。句意：说实话，将来还有很长的路要走；我们到了一个关键时刻，一个新的转折点；我们会面对新的挑战。to tell the truth说实话；at a crossroads处于关键时刻。第三个空用不定冠词a表示数量“一”的概念。 【答案】 A,3Its a mistake to think of Florida only _ its tourist attractions. Ain addition to Bby way of Cby means of Din terms of 【解析】 考查介词短语。句意：仅仅从旅游胜地方面考虑佛罗里达是个错误。in terms of从方面来说，就而言；in addition to除之外还有；by way of经由；by means of以方式。 【答案】 D,4(2014泰州模拟)The president signed the contract _the company. Aon behalf of Bin case of Cinstead of Din place of 【解析】 句意：董事长代表公司签了合同。on behalf of代表；in case of假如；instead of代替，而不是；in place of代替，取代。根据句意选A项。 【答案】 A,5Cancer is second only _ heart disease as a cause of death in the world. Ato Bwith Cfrom Dof 【解析】 句意：癌症在世界上是仅次于心脏病的第二大死因。second only 应与to搭配表示“仅次于”，所以A项正确。 【答案】 A,6How do you think of my homework? Good work，_ a few slight mistakes. Ain addition to Bexcept Cas well as Dapart from 【解析】 apart from意为“除之外，此外”，既具有except，except for的含义，又具有in addition to，besides，as well as的含义。根据句意可判断出apart from意为“除之外”，与except for的意思相同。except指从整体中除去部分。 【答案】 D,剖析1个高考句型 (教材P2)Montreal，a port in the province of Quebec，is the second largest city in Canada，and also the second largest Frenchspeaking city in the world，Paris_being_the_largest. 港口城市蒙特利尔位于魁北克省境内，是加拿大第二大城市，也是世界上第二大法语城市(最大的是巴黎)。 句法分析：Paris being the largest是独立主格结构，表示补充说明。,(1)独立主格结构主要表示谓语动词发生的时间、原因、条件、伴随情况或补充说明等，相当于一个状语从句或并列句。 (2)独立主格结构的逻辑主语与句子的主语不同，它独立存在。 (3)独立主格结构一般置于句首，有时也置于句中或句尾。 (4)独立主格结构一般有逗号与主句分开。,(5)独立主格结构的形式： doing/done/to do 名词/代词 adj./adv./n. prep.phrase,【温馨提示】 名词/主格代词与现在分词之间是主谓关系。名词/主格代词与过去分词之间是动宾关系。名词/主格代词加不定式强调的是一次具体性的动作。,There being no bus，we had to walk home. 由于没有公共汽车，我们只好走回家。 He was listening attentively in class，his eyes fixed on the blackboard.他上课专心听讲，眼睛紧盯着黑板。 The four of us agreed on a division of labor，each_to_translate_a_quarter_of_the_book. 我们四人同意分工干，每人翻译全书的四分之一。 The lights off，we could not go on with the work. 灯熄了，我们不能继续工作了。,高考链接 (2014江苏高考)The lecture _，a lively questionandanswer session followed. Abeing given Bhaving given Cto be given Dhaving been given,【解析】 本题考查独立主格结构的用法。句意：演讲结束后，气氛热烈的问答环节随之而来。由短语give a lecture可知，the lecture和give是被动关系，故排除B项。由a.session followed可知，作演讲的动作已经结束，故用D项having been done构成独立主格结构。A项being given表示“正在”，C项to be given表示“将要”，均不符合句意。 【答案】 D,句型对点集训 .单项填空 1My husband came home from work at four oclock，his task_early today. Afinishing Bfinished Chad finished Dwas finished 【解析】 “任务被完成”为被动结构，首先排除A、C两项；因为前后之间无连词，所以逗号后不能是个完整的句子，故可排除D项；B项是“名词过去分词”构成的独立主格结构作状语。 【答案】 B,2(2014益阳模拟)_ your opinions are worth considering，the committee finds it unwise to place too much importance on them. AAs BSince CProvided DWhile 【解析】 句意：虽然你的观点值得考虑，但委员会认为过分重视它不明智。while“虽然，尽管”，引导让步状语从句。 【答案】 D,3Weather _，well go for a walk in the woods tomorrow. Ato permit Bpermitted Cpermits Dpermitting 【解析】 考查独立主格结构。句意：天气允许的话，明天我们将去森林中散步。由句子结构可知，本句里缺少非谓语动词，排除C项；weather与permit之间为主动关系，故用现在分词。 【答案】 D,.完成句子 1种上许多的树、花和草后，我们新建的学校看上去将更美。 _，our newlybuilt school will look even more beautiful. 2虽然他爱他的学生，可是他对他们很严格。 _，he is very strict with them.,3正如你所知道的，我一点儿也不喜欢游泳。 _，I dont like swimming at all. 【答案】 1.Many trees，flowers，and grass to be planted 2.While he loves his students 3.As you know,
展开阅读全文