2019-2020年高考英语重点突破复习11.doc

2019-2020年高考英语重点突破复习11要 点 梳 理高效梳理知识备考重点单词1starve vi. & vt.(使)饿死；饿得要死starvation n饿死2origin n起源；由来；起因original adj.原来的3religion n宗教religious adj.宗教上的；信奉宗教的；虔诚的4belief n信任；信心；信仰5gain vt.获得；得到6independence n独立；自主independent adj.独立的；自主的7gather vt. &vi.搜集；集合；聚集8agricultural adj.农业的；农艺的agriculture n农业；农艺；农学9award n奖；奖品 vt.授予；判定10admire vt.赞美；钦佩；羡慕admiration n羡慕11energetic adj.充满活力的；精力充沛的；积极的energy n能量；精力12custom n习惯；风俗13permission n许可；允许permit vt.允许n.许可证；执照14apologize vi.道歉；辩白apology n道歉15sadness n悲哀；悲伤sad adj.悲哀的；悲伤的16obvious adj.明显的；显而易见的17forgive vt.原谅；饶恕forgiveness n原谅forgiving adj.宽恕的；宽容的重点短语1take place发生2in memory of 纪念3dress up 盛装；打扮；装饰4play a trick on 诈骗；开玩笑5look forward to 期望；期待；盼望6day and night 日夜7as if/though 似乎，好像8have fun with 玩得开心9turn up 出现；到场10keep ones word 守信用；履行诺言11hold ones breath 屏息；屏气12set off 出发；动身；使爆炸13remind.of. 使想起14be/get married to 和结婚15apologize to sb. for. 因向某人道歉16in celebration of 为了庆祝17have belief in 对有信仰18be drowned in 沉溺于；埋头于重点句型1Festivals are meant to celebrate important times of year.节日就是庆祝一年中重要的日子。2At that time people would starve if food was difficult to find,_especially during the cold winter months.在当时，如果食物难以找到，人们就会挨饿，特别是在寒冷的冬季。3The country, covered with cherry tree flowers, looks as though it is covered with pink snow.整个国度到处是盛开的樱花，看上去就像覆盖了一层粉红色的雪。4It was obvious that the manager of the coffee shop was waiting for Li Fang to leave.很明显，咖啡馆的经理在等李方离开高考范文(xx江苏卷)鼠标是计算机时代最佳的人机交互工具之一。它极大地方便了人们的计算机操作。但是，过分依赖鼠标的习惯也会带来一些不利影响。请你以鼠标为切入点，根据下表所提示的信息，用英语写一篇短文。注意：1对所给要点逐一陈述，适当发挥，不要简单翻译。2词数150左右。开头已经写好，不计入总词数。3作文中不得提及考生所在学校和本人姓名。The mouse is a most effective device used by people to municate with a puter._范文The mouse is a most effective device used by people to municate with a puter.For most people, its almost impossible to operate a puter without a mouse, let alone surf the Internet. A wellchosen mouse is really handy, flexible and convenient in controlling the screen. With the functions of inserting, deleting, moving and copying, it enables us to edit texts, browse Web pages and download what we want. It can even bring us a flood of music, movies and PC games. Just imagine, all these can be done with a cute mouse.A convenient tool can certainly make our work easier, but it doesnt always help in a positive way. Too much ready information on our fingertips leaves little room for knowledge pursuing. Too many ready answers make us less excited in finding the truth. Relying too much on mouse clicking makes us lazier and less creative both mentally and physically.考 点 探 究互动探究能力备考.词汇短语过关1trick n诡计；恶作剧；花招；窍门 vt.哄骗，欺骗trick or treat 不送礼物就捣乱(万圣节前夕孩子们挨户要礼物的用语)play a trick on sb.捉弄某人have a trick of doing sth. 有做某事的习惯trick sb. into doing sth. 哄骗某人做某事trick sb. out of sth. 骗取某人某物即学即练1(1)John taught me _ opening a bottle of wine.约翰教会了我打开酒瓶盖的窍门。(2)The children loved to _ their teacher.这些孩子好跟他们的老师玩恶作剧。(3)She _ me _ for her meal at the restaurant.她在饭馆里骗我替她付了饭钱。the trick ofplay tricks ontrickedinto paying2gain vt. & vi. 获得；赢得；(钟表)走快n. 利益gain by/from.从中获益gain in 在方面有所增加或增长即学即练2(1)I have _ since I arrived.我到这里以后，结识了很多朋友。(2)He had _ and looked much better.他体重增加，脸色好看多了。(3)He _ much _ from reading.他从读书中获益良多。(4)This clock _ a day.这个钟每天走快两分钟。(5)No _， no _. 不劳无获。(6)_ into the pit, _ in your wit.吃一堑，长一智。gained a lot of friendsgained weightgainedprofitgains two minutespainsgainsA falla gain3award vt. 颁奖，授予，判定n. 奖，奖品award sb. sth./sth. to sb. 授予某人某物be awarded for. 因而受奖win/receive/get an award for 因而获奖即学即练3(1)They _ John the first prize.他们授予约翰一等奖。(2)The court _ damages of $5 000 to the injured man.法庭判给受伤者5 000美元的赔偿。(3)He won _ his excellent skill.他由于他出色的技能而获奖。awardedawardedthe award for4admire vt. 赞美；钦佩，羡慕admiration n. 赞美，钦佩admirable adj. 可饮佩的，极佳的admiring adj. 赞赏的，羡慕的admire sb. for sth. 因某事而钦佩某人have admiration for sb./sth. 羡慕/钦佩某人/物watch/gaze in admiration 赞赏地观看/凝视着即学即练4(1)The school is widely _ its excellent teaching.这所学校教学优秀，远近称誉。(2)They looked _ silent _ at the painting.他们默默地欣赏着那幅画。(3)He gave her _.他向她投以赞赏的一瞥。admired forinadmirationan admiring look5apologize v道歉apology n道歉apologize to sb. for (doing) sth.make an apology to sb. for (doing ) sth.say sorry to sb. for (doing) sth.offer sb. an apology for (doing) sth.因某事向某人道歉accept/refuse an apology 接受/拒绝道歉即学即练5(1)Bill was _ his friend _ having kept her waiting for a long time.比尔因让他的朋友等了好长时间正在道歉呢。(2)I _ my host and left early.我向主人道过歉后提早离去。(3)Please _ my sincere _.请接受我真诚的歉意。apologizing toformade my apology toacceptapology6remind vt. 提醒；使想起reminder n. 起提醒作用的人或物remind sb. of sth./doing提醒某人(做)某事remind sb. to do sth.提醒某人去做remind sb. that.提醒某人即学即练6(1)The pictures _ me _ my school days.这些照片使我想起学生时代。(2)I _ him _ he must go home before dark.我提醒他必须在天黑前回家。(3)_ me _ to Mother.提醒我给母亲写信。remindofremindedthatRemindto write拓展：常用于 vt.sb.of sth./doing 的动词有 inform, warn, accuse, cure, suspect 等，如：inform sb. of sth. 通知某人某事warn sb. of sth. 警告某人某事accuse sb. of sth. 控告某人某事cure sb. of sth. 给某人治愈某病suspect sb. of sth. 怀疑某人某事7in memory of 纪念The museum was built in memory of the famous scientist.这个博物馆是为了纪念那位著名的科学家而建立的。He wrote a long moving poem in memory of his wife.他写了一首感人的长诗来纪念他的妻子。拓展：inn.of 短语in praise of 歌颂in honor of 纪念；为向表示敬意in favor of 赞同in support of 支持in charge of 负责 in search of 寻找in possession of 拥有 in need/want of需要in place of 代替 in hope of 希望即学即练7用 inn.of 短语填空。(1)This is a book _the construction workers.(2)We are all _ your plan.(3)They started off at once _the missing girl.(4)A great banquet was held _ our distinguished guests.(5)We use chopsticks _ knives and forks.in praise ofin favor ofin search ofin honor ofin place of(6)A medical team rushed to the scene of the disaster where hospitals were _ doctors and nurses.(7)Two minutes of silence were observed _ those who died in the war.(8)Shang Zhi is the chief mander who was _ the lauch of Shenzhou .in need/want ofin memory ofin charge of8dress up 盛装；打扮；装饰dress sb./oneself 给穿衣服；打扮be/get dressed in(衣服或表颜色的词) 穿着dressadv.(或表目的、场合的介词短语) 穿着即学即练8(1)The girls all _ to take part in the evening party.姑娘们全部打扮起来去参加晚会。(2)The prisoners escaped by _ guards.囚犯们伪装成哨兵逃跑了。(3)We should _ a Christmas tree _ lights.我们应该用灯装饰圣诞树。dressed updressing up asdresswith9look forward to 期望；期待；盼望即学即练9(1)My mother said she was _ _ you.我妈妈说她正期待着与你见面。(2)I was _ his ments on this new film.我期待听到他对这部新影片的评论。looking forwardto meetinglooking forward to hearing提示：look forward to 结构中的 to为介词，其后接名词或动名词。类似的动词短语还有：be/bee/get used to 习惯于 pay attention to 注意devote.to. 把致力于 get down to 着手做lead to 通向，导致 stick to 坚持belong to 属于 object to 反对 listen to 听prefer.to. 宁愿也不give ones life to 把生命奉献给contribute to 为作贡献10turn up 出现；到场；开大，调高，增加速度、音量、强度或流量即学即练10(1)Guess who _ at Marys wedding.猜猜都有谁参加了玛丽的婚礼。(2)The book you have lost will _ someday.你丢的那本书说不定哪一天又会找到。(3)Please _. I want to listen to the news.请把收音机音量开大些，我想听听新闻。turned upturn upturn up the radio拓展：turn against背叛；(情况等)对不利turn away走开，离开；把打发走turn back折回，往回走；翻回到turn down关小，调低；拒绝turn off关(水源、煤气、电等)；令厌烦turn on打开；使感兴趣turn out结果是；证明是；生产，制造；培养，造就turn to转向，变成；求救于，求助于turn in上交，欺骗turn over把交给；翻转11hold ones breath屏息；屏气catch ones breath(因恐惧、震惊等)一时停止呼吸，屏息；不喘气draw/take a deep breath深呼吸take breath 歇口气in the same breath异口同声地out of breath上气不接下气lose ones breath喘不过气来；上气不接下气即学即练11The race was so close that everyone was _ at the finish.这是一场势均力敌的比赛，以至于到最后每个人都屏住了呼吸。holding his breath12keep ones word守信用；履行诺言get in a word插话/嘴have a word with sb.与某人谈话have words with sb.与某人吵架in a/one word简言之，总之in other words(that is to say)换句话说leave word留言the last word最后决定；最后意见word for word一字不差地；逐字地【注意】keep ones word相当于keep ones promise，反义短语是break ones word/promise。注意两短语中的word不可数，无复数。即学即练12(1)She is a girl who always _.她是一个很讲信用的人。(2)Dont _， otherwise no one will trust you.不要失信，否则没有人会信任你。keeps her wordbreak your word13set off出发；动身；使爆炸即学即练13(1)If you want to catch that train wed better _ the station immediately.你要是想赶上那班火车，咱们最好马上动身去火车站。(2)What time are you planning to _ tomorrow？你打算明天几点钟起程？(3)Do be careful with those fireworks; the slightest spark could _.对这些烟火要格外小心，稍有火星就能引起爆炸。set off forset offset them off拓展：set about着手set aside保留，储蓄set out动身，出发，着手set to开始做某事set up搭起；建立；设立.重点句型详解The country, covered with cherry tree flowers, looks as_though it is covered with pink snow.整个国度到处是盛开的樱花，看上去就像覆盖了一层粉红色的雪。as though/as if.“好像”，可引导表语从句，也可引导方式状语从句。It looks as though you are ill today.今天你看上去好像病了。He acted as if nothing had happened.他表现得若无其事。拓展：(1)as if/as though 引导表语从句时，如果是客观的事实，用真实的语气；如果是不可能发生的事，只是一种想象、猜测，则用虚拟语气。The clouds are gathering. It looks as if it is going to rain.乌云密布，天看起来像要下雨了。It looks as if the sky was/were falling down.天看起来好像要塌下来似的。(2)as if/as though 引导方式状语从句，要用虚拟语气。He talks as if he was/were the owner of the world. (与现在相反，从句谓语动词用一般过去时)他说起话来好像他主宰这个世界似的。He talks as if he had been to the moon.(与过去相反，从句谓语动词用过去完成时)他说起话来好像他去过月球似的。She talks and talks as if she would never stop.(与将来相反，从句谓语动词用过去将来时)她说呀说呀，好像永远也说不完。(3)as if引导方式状语从句时可用省略形式，后面接名词、形容词、副词和介词短语，也可跟分词或不定式。如：He talks as if a philosopher.他谈论起来就好像是一个哲学家似的。The lady cried and laughed as if mad.这位女士哭了又笑，好像疯了。Tom dropped his head and didnt dare say a word, as if not knowing the answer.汤姆低垂着头不敢说话，好像不知道答案。He talks as if drunk.从他谈话的样子来看他是醉了。Tom opened his mouth as if to say something.汤姆张开嘴好像要说什么。即境活用(1)Eliza remembers everything exactly as if it _yesterday.Awas happeningBhappensChas happened Dhappened解析：考查 as if 从句中的时态。由语境知选D。答案：D(2) The man we followed suddenly stopped as if _ whether he was going in the right direction.Aseeing Bhaving seenCto see Dto have seen解析：考查 as if从句中的省略。“停下来去看”用不定式 to see。答案：C(3)The gentleman will be devoted to Lily forever, _ she treats him badly.Aeven though BhoweverCnevertheless Das though解析：考查状语从句。句子表示让步关系，故选 even though“即使”。答案：A易 错 点 拨自我完善误区备考1. gain/acquire/earn/achieve(1)gain 收获；获得。指获得有用或必需的东西。可以用于体重、力量的增加，奖学金的获得，更常用于经验、知识、教育、满足等的获得。(2)acquire 购得，得到(尤指昂贵的或难以得到的东西)；获得，掌握(知识、技能等)。(3)earn 取得；赚得。通常指通过工作挣钱，也可以用于应该得到的东西，如支持、认同、声望或尊敬。(4)achieve 得到，获得。多指成就、目标、幸福的取得。应用1用 gain, acquire, earn, achieve的适当形式填空。(1)The movie star _ success and wealth.(2)He _ a lot of praise from the public.(3)Im new in the job but Im already _ experience.(4)I took on it as an opportunity to_ fresh skills.achievedearnedgainingacquire2. award/rewardawardvt.授予，颁发，判给be awarded for.因而受奖award sb. sth.颁发给某人某物n.奖品，赠品，与prize(奖金)近义rewardvt.报答，酬谢，可以用于比喻意义reward sb. with sth.用酬谢某人n.赏金，酬金，回报应用2(1)The Olympic winner received a gold medal as an _.(2)Students who plete the course successfully will be _ a diploma.(3)Everyone who reached the summit was _ with a magnificent view.(4)The prize was a just _ for all his hard work. awardawardedrewardedreward3. dress/wear/put on/have on(1)dress是动作动词，表示“给(人)穿衣/打扮”，后面的宾语是表示人的名词。常见的用法有dress sb./oneself, be dressed(in), dress well/quickly等。(2)wear是状态动词，表示“穿戴、佩戴(手表、首饰、花等)，留(发型、胡须)等”；还可表示“面露、面带(某种表情、样子等)”，意义广泛。(3)put on是动作动词，表示“穿(衣)戴(帽)”，后面的宾语是表示衣服等的名词。(4)have on是状态动词短语，除了表示“穿着，戴着”之外，还可表示树木等“披着，挂着”，不用进行时态。应用3(1)Its autumn. But the trees still _ leaves _.(2)She was _ in her brothers clothes.(3)She _ an angry expression.(4)He _ his coat and went out.haveondressedworeput on4. take place/happen/occur/break out/e about(1)take place 其“发生”是按意图或计划进行，无偶然性，无被动语态。(2)happen 普通用语，其“发生”带有意外和偶然性。另可作“碰巧”讲，用法是 happen to do sth.，无被动语态。(3)occur 较正式用语，指具体事物时可与 happen互换(但 happen to do不可换成 occur to do)；另外 occur 有“突然想起”的意思，此时不可与 happen 互换，如 A good idea occurred to him.(4)break out (战争、火灾等)爆发；(疾病)突然发生。无被动语态。(5)e about “发生，产生”，指要解释或说明事情发生的理由，常与 how连用。应用4用 take place, happen, occur, break out, e about的适当形式填空。(1)Our school sports meet will _ next Friday.(2)It never _ to me that I had seen her before.(3)How did these differences _？(4)There _ to be the book I was looking for.(5)SARS _ all over China in the spring of xx.(6)The Olympic Games _ every four years.take placeoccurrede abouthappenedbroke outtake place高 效 作 业自我测评技能备考.单词拼写1The lazy bird had nothing in store for the winter, so he had to s_.2Its believed that humans a_ is a kind of monkey.3Li Bai, Du Fu were both wellknown Chinese p_.4On his a_， he got down to working hard.5When we go to a different country, we should follow its c_.starveancestorpoetsarrivalcustom 6We need warm _ (衣服) for the winter.7The boy had been _ (淹) to death before the adults came to save him.8She entered the lab without _ (许可)9Do you know when India gained its _ (独立) from Britain?10He got a lot of _(奖状) for his excellent study.clothingdrownedpermissionindependenceawards .单项选择1Its surprising that you should have been fooled by such a simple _.AtrialBtrickCtreat Dtrip答案：B解析：trick“恶作剧，诡计”，合题意。2She must be looking forward as much to his return as he himself is to _ her.Asee Bhave seenCseeing Dbe seeing答案：C解析：考查 look forward to 后接名词、动名词。句中 as从句中为省略句 is (looking forward) to。3Daddy didnt mind what we were doing, as long as we were together, _ fun.Ahad BhaveCto have Dhaving答案：D解析：having fun为现在分词做状语，“玩得很开心/高兴”。4The host family treated me as though I _ a member of the family while I studied in France.Aam BwereCwould Dshould be答案：B解析：考查 as though从句的用法。由句意知从句中用 were表示虚拟语气，事实上“我”并不是其家庭成员。5Do you think the rain will affect the football match?The players are used to such rainy weather, so it _ make any difference to them.Ashant BshouldntCneednt Dmustnt答案：B解析：考查情态动词。shouldnt 表示“按理说不会/不该”。6(xx河北正定中学)Whats wrong with him?The picture he came across _his memory of a sad story in his childhood.Aput off Btook offCset off Dgave off解析：考查动词短语。put off延期；take off起飞，脱掉；give off发出(光等)；set off激发，引起。选项C符合题意。答案：C7_is our belief that improvements in health care will lead to a stronger, more prosperous economy.AAs BThatCThis DIt答案：D解析：考查句型 Its ones belief that.。8The mayor _ the police officer a medal of honor for his heroic deed in rescuing the earthquake victims.Arewarded BawardedCpraised Dprized答案：B解析：award sb. sth. for.表示“因为而授予某人某物”。reward“回报”；praise “表扬”，用于 praise sb. for sth；prize 只用做名词。9We admire the old scientist _ his contribution _ the country.Afor; to Bat; toCfor; for Don; for答案：A解析：考查固定搭配 admire sb. for sth.和 contribution to.。10Victor apologized for _ to inform me of the change in the plan.Ahis being not able Bhim not to ableChis not being able Dhim to be not able答案：C解析：apologize to sb. for (doing) sth.的意思是“因为某事而向某人道歉”。for为介词，后面接动名词，首先排除B和D项；非谓语动词(动名词、动词不定式、现在分词、过去分词)的否定形式是直接在其前加 not，所以排除A项。11What you said just now _ me of that American professor.Amentioned BinformedCreminded Dmemorized答案：C解析：考查 remind sb. of sth./sb. “使某人想起某事/人”。12He promised to e, but he hasnt _ yet.Aturned up Bturned overCturned out Dturned back答案：A解析：考查 turn短语搭配。由句意选 turn up“出现，露面”。13_ the numbers in employment, the hotel industry was the second largest industry in this country last year.AIn spite of BIn case ofCIn terms of DIn praise of答案：C解析：in spite of尽管；in case of要是；in terms of从方面来说；in praise of称赞。14All the citizens, young and old, walked and sang, beautifully _ in new clothes of all kinds, _ the success of their football team.Adressed; celebratingBwearing; to celebrateCdressed; to celebrateDworn; celebrating答案：A解析：第一空 dressed in 做后置定语修饰 all the citizens；第二空现在分词 celebrating 做状语表伴随。15(xx绵阳中学)Tom, Im sorry to say that I cant go to watch tonights match with you, for I have to prepare for the ing exam._ Have some fun!ADont have too many irons in the fire.BDont be a wet blanket.CDont put the cart before the horse.DDont pull my leg.答案：B解析：Dont be a wet blanket意思是：别这么让人扫兴。语意为：汤姆，对不起，我今天晚上不能和你一起去看比赛了，因为我要为即将来到的考试做准备。别这么令人扫兴，玩吧！A项意为“别揽太多事”；C项意为“本末倒置”；D项意为：“别开我玩笑了”。 .完形填空 There is an English saying that goes, “He who laughs last, laughs the hardest.” High School Musical star and teen attraction Zac Efron is _1_ a lot these days._2_ a young boy, Efron was bullied in school because he was the smallest in his class and made _3_ of because he looked a bit ugly.But history, as they say, is a thing of the _4_. Now at 21, Efron is one of People Magazines 100 Most Beautiful People, and is _5_ the world promoting the third High School Musical film.Efron was born and _6_ in California. He took school seriously. _7_ Efron, he would be mad if he got not an A _8_ a B in school. It was his father who _9_ him to act. He took part in school _10_ and practised with a local theater group. He also took singing lessons. He _11_ from high school in xx and was accepted at the University of Southern California to study film. But he put it off_12_ study movies when you can star in them? Now he has signed on to star in a romantic edy and to _13_ in the remake of the popular movie, Footloose. Efron is also earning more than $3 million for his _14_ in High School Musical 3. Not_15_for a 21yearold. But Efron _16_ remembers those bullies. “You have to remember that bullies want to bring you _17_ because you have something that they _18_，” Efron said. “Also, when people_19_your weaknesses, it is_20_an opportunity for you to rise above.”