2019-2020年高考英语知识点复习教案20.doc

2019-2020年高考英语知识点复习教案20重点单词1._n.团；块；堆；质量；大量_adj.大量的；可观的；巨大的2_adj.技术上的_n.科技(总称)；工艺3_adj.后者_adj.迟的；晚的；迟到的_adv.不久前；近来_adj.最新的；最近的4_adj.无污迹的；无瑕疵的；不生锈的_n.污点；污迹5_vt.评价；评估_n.评价；评估6_n.专家_adj.专门的；特设的_adv.特别地7_vt.捐赠；赠送_n.捐赠；赠送8_adv.同时_n.其时；其间9_vi.逐渐变弱_adj.褪色的10_adj.有毒的_n.毒药；毒物11_vt.宣告；宣布_n.宣布；宣告；声明12_v.帮助；援助；协助_n.帮助；协助_n.助手；助理重点短语1._泄露(秘密)2_努力解决难以处理的事物3_预先4_接收；接管重点句式1.HowI_wish_I_couldgetonfinewithmycolleaguesinthepany!2There_is_no_doubtaboutit.核心语法1.将来完成时2将来进行时自我校对重点单词：1mass;massive2.technical;technology3.latter;late;lately;latest4.stainless;stain5.assess;assessment6specialist;special;specially7.donate;donation8.meanwhile;meantime9.fade;faded/fading10.poisonous;poison11.declare;declaration12.assist;assistance;assistant重点短语：1giveaway2.wrestlewithsth3.inadvance4.takeover重点词汇探究1massn.C团；块；堆n.U质量；物质adj.大众的；以大众为特征的；大规模进行(完成)的；完整的；全部的；完全的amassof/massesof大量；大批；众多themasses群众themassof大部分的amassof“大量；大批；众多”，后面既可接可数名词又可接不可数名词。masseducation大众教育massmunication大众传播massproduction大规模生产1)Therewere_darkcloudsinthesky.天空乌云密布。2)_snowandrocksbrokeawayandfellontheclimbers.一堆积雪和岩石突然崩落到登山者的身上。3)Sheelbowedherwaythroughthe_tourists.她用胳膊肘开路从游客中挤了过去。4)Igot_cardsonmybirthday.我生日的那天收到了很多贺卡。【答案】1)massesof2)Amassof3)massesof4)massesof(1)完成句子Theflowersmade_coloragainstthestonewall.在石墙的衬托下，这些花朵五彩缤纷。【答案】amassof(2)名校押题(xx福建四地六校联考)Theyoungdancerslookedsocharmingintheirbeautifulclothesthattheaudiencetook_picturesofthem.A.manyofBmassesofCthenumberofDalargeamountof【答案与解析】Bmassesof后接可数名词与不可数名词均可；alargeamountof和不可数名词连用。2assistvt.&vi.帮助；援助；协助assistsbwith/insth帮某人做某事assistsbindoingsth帮某人做某事assistancen.帮助；协助assistantn.助手；助理1)Youwillberequiredto_MrsSmithinpreparingareport.你将要协助史密斯夫人准备一份报告。2)Iamwillingto_wheneverthereisanopportunity.有机会的话我随时愿意帮忙。【答案】1)assist2)assist(1)完成句子Twomen_thepoliceintheirenquiries.有两个人正在配合警方的询问。【答案】areassisting(2)名校押题(xx南京调研)Ateamofnurses_thedoctor_performingtheoperation.Adepended;onBassisted;inChelped;fromDconducted;in【答案与解析】B题意：一组护士协助医生做手术。assistsbindoingsth“帮某人做某事”。3latteradj.(刚提及的两者中)后者的；(系列中)最后的；末尾的；后半期的；后面的n.(常与the连用)thelatter(刚提及的两者中)后者；(系列中)最后一位；末位latelyadv.后来的；以后的adv.以后；后来lateadj.晚年的；近深夜的latestadj.最新的lateradj.后来的；以后1)HereareTomandDavid;_ismybrother.这是汤姆和戴维；后者是我的兄弟。2)Didhegowalkingorswimming?_seemsunlikely.他是去散步还是游泳去了？后者看来不太可能。【答案】1)thelatter2)Thelatter(1)完成句子Thereareplasticandwoodenchairs,but_aremoreexpensive.在这里买塑料椅和木制椅，只是后者更贵些。【答案】thelatter(2)名校押题(xx山东省八校适应性联考)Ihavetwosuggestions:oneistogotothecinema,andtheotheristohaveadrink.Well,personallyIpreferthe_one.Idontlikefilmsverymuch.AlateBlatterClatestDlast【答案与解析】B表示刚提及的两者中的后者用thelatterone。4rescuev.解救；救出n.营救；解救e/gotoonesrescue来/去救某人1)They_byafisherman.他们被一个渔民救出。2)Theoldmanrantoher_.老人跑去援救她。【答案】1)wererescued2)rescuesave和rescuesave指“救；挽救”。指通过救援不但使受害者/物能脱离危险或祸患，而且使其能保存下来，有时可与rescue通用。rescue(save.fromharmordanger)常与from搭配，意为“救；营救；挽救”，多指在危险或祸患中给予迅速而有效的救援，一般指救人；它还有从监禁中救出的意思。(1)完成句子He_threechildrenfromtheburningbuilding.他从失火的大楼内救出了三个孩子。【答案】rescued(2)名校押题(xx江南十校联考)Wewereabouttoclosedownthebusiness,butthebankcametoour_withalargemoney.AsaveBrescueChelpDattempt【答案与解析】B题意：我们几乎要停业，但银行借出极大一笔钱救了我们。5beneficialadj.有益的；有利的；有帮助的用作表语时，后面常跟介词for或to。1)Itwould_keepupwiththesituationofdevelopmentsinAsia.跟上亚洲的发展形势是有好处的。2)Sunshineandmoisture_livingthings.阳光和水分有益于生物。【答案】1)bebeneficialto2)arebeneficialtoadvantage,benefit和profitadvantage“利益；好处；优势”，多指有利的条件或优越的地位。benefit“利益；好处”，指在物质或精神方面获得直接的好处，用于个人时往往指在不损害他人利益的情况下获得的好处。profit“利益”，着重收益，尤指从物质、钱财等方面获得的利益。(1)完成句子Astayinthecountrywillbe_hishealth.在乡下短暂休养将有益于他的健康。【答案】beneficialto(2)名校押题(xx福建质检)Tomakeallthemembersofateamperformbetter,thecoachfirstofallhastoknowtheir_andweaknesses.AstrengthsBbenefitsCtechniquesDvalues【答案与解析】Astrengths意为“长处；优点”。题意：为了使所有的队员表现得更出色，教练首先要知道他们的优点和缺点。6curev.治疗；治愈n.治疗；治愈；治疗法curesbof.治愈某人的1)Ihopethedoctorcan_thepaininmyshoulder.我希望医生能治好我肩部的疼痛。2)WhenIlefthospitalIwaspletely_.出院时我已经痊愈了。3)Shetriedeverymeansto_herchildofthebadhabit.她想尽一切办法试图改掉她孩子的这个恶习。【答案】1)cure2)cured3)curetreat和curetreat强调治疗过程，不涉及结果。cure强调结果，有“治愈”之意。cure.of意为“治愈；去除”。(1)完成句子Afterayear,she_thecancer.一年之后她的癌症治愈了。【答案】wascuredof(2)名校押题(xx天津十校联考)_andnowaytoreduceherpainandsufferingfromtheterribledisease,thepatientfinallydecidedtoseekherdoctorshelptoendherlife.A.HavinggivenuphopeofcureBWithnohopeforcureC.TherebeinghopeforcureDInthehopeofcure【答案与解析】B语境表示“由于没有治愈的希望”，用了独立主格结构“withn.不定式”。7permitvt.&vi.允许；许可；使有可能用法类似于allow，后面不能直接跟不定式作宾语。permit(sb)sth允许(某人)某事permitdoingsth允许做某事permitsbtodosth允许某人做某事allowsb/sthtodosth准许某人/某物做某事allowdoingsth容许做某事allowsbsth让某人得到某物1)Idontthinktheywould_this.我想他们不会准许这事。2)Thenewroadsystem_thefreeflowoftrafficatalltimes.新的道路系统可使交通在任何时候都畅通无阻。3)Welldiscussbothquestions_.如果时间允许，我们将把两个问题都讨论一下。【答案】1)permit2)permits3)iftimepermits(1)完成句子Thewindows_lightandairtoenter.这些窗户采光及通风性能良好。【答案】permit(2)名校押题(xx江苏联考)Couldyoupleasetellmeifthemanagerhas_toimprovetheworkingconditionsinthepany?AacceptedBallowedCpermittedDagreed【答案与解析】Daccept后接名词作宾语，不接不定式；allow与permit后都接动词ing形式作宾语。重点短语探究1inadvance提前；预先同义词：aheadoftimeinadvanceof在之前；优于；较进步1)Ioughttohavetoldyou_.我本该事先告诉你。2)Heregisteredfortheexaminationwell_.他早早就报名应试了。3)Galileosideaswere_theageinwhichhelived.伽利略的想法超越了他所生活的时代。【答案】1)inadvance2)inadvance3)inadvanceof(1)完成句子Ifyouregoingtoe,pleaseletmeknow_.如果你要来，请提前通知我。【答案】inadvance(2)名校押题(xx浙江五校联考)Tomakesurethathewasathome,Icalledhimup_.AinneedBinchargeCinplaceDinadvance【答案与解析】Dinadvance“提前；事先”。题意：为了确定他在家，我事先打了电话给他。2.takeover控制；管理(国家、政党等)；接收；接管(公司)(尤指依靠多数股东支持)；接手；接替；接任goover仔细检查handover移交thinkover仔细考虑1)Thearmyisthreateningto_ifcivilunrestcontinues.军方声称如内乱继续就实行军管。2)Peterwill_asmanagingdirectorwhenBillretires.比尔退休后将由彼得接任总经理一职。3)Whenshefellillherdaughter_thebusinessfromher.她患病期间，生意曾由她女儿代管。4)George_therunningofourAmericanoperation.乔治准备接手经营我们的美国企业。5)Wouldyoulikemeto_(thedriving)forawhile?你愿意让我接替你(开)一会儿(车)吗？【答案】1)takeover2)takeover3)tookover4)istakingover5)takeover(1)完成句子He_fromtheheadmasterinMay.五月份他接替了校长职位。【答案】tookover(2)名校押题(xx南京师大附中月考)Itiscertainthathissonwill_hisbusinesswhenhegetsold.AtakeoverBthinkoverChandoverDgoover【答案与解析】A考查动词短语。takeover“接管”；thinkover“仔细考虑”；handover“移交”；goover“仔细检查”。3turnto求助于；转向；翻到；转行(做)其中to为介词而不是不定式符号。turnon打开(水、电视、收音机、灯、煤气等)turnin上交；退还turndown拒绝；调低(热度、音量等)turnup出现；发生turnoff关掉turnsthupsidedown把某物弄翻turnadeafearto不听；不理睬；置若罔闻turnanewleaf翻开新的一页turnback折回；往回走；阻止；阻挡；使折回turninto变成；变得takethesecondturntotheleft第二个转角处向左拐弯turnagainst变得不友好；反对turnaway转过脸去；转换方向；不准入内；不让参加；拒绝turnout结果是；证明是；生产；制造；培养出turnover翻转过来；翻；仔细考虑；翻阅；翻查；翻过(一页)1)Itriedtostandonmyowntwofeetratherthan_myparents.我设法自立而不求助于我的父母。2)_theleftandyouwillfindthepostoffice.向左转，你会找到邮局的。3)Youcan_himforhelp.你们可以求助于他。【答案】1)turnto2)Turnto3)turnto(1)完成句子Manypeoplehere_solarpower.这儿的很多人都开始使用太阳能了。【答案】areturningto(2)名校押题(2011宁夏银川一中质检)Sheshavingalotoftroublewithhernewlyboughtcar,butshedoesntknowwhomto_.AturntoBlookforCdealwithDtalkabout【答案与解析】A题意：她新买的车使用起来很困难，但她不知道向谁求助。turnto“求助于”；lookfor“寻找”；dealwith“处理”；talkabout“谈论”。4.wonderabout对感到疑惑；对感到新奇Iwonderif/whetheryoucould.请问你能否Iwonderwho/when.我不知道谁/什么时候Nowonderthat.难怪I_that.我对那事感到好奇。【答案】waswonderingabout(1)单项填空Themachinehasbeenusedmuchtoolong._itdoesntworkwellsometimes.AItsnowonderthatBTheresnodoubtifCItsunlikelyDThatsbecause【答案与解析】A题意：这台机器已经用了很长时间了。难怪有时候不好使。(2)名校押题(xx杭州中学模拟)Maryhasbeentrainedhardforthelasttwoyears._shedidsowellatthetrackandfieldmeetyesterday.ANodoubtBNowonderCNoquestionDNoproblem【答案与解析】B根据答语“玛丽过去两年训练非常刻苦，难怪她昨天在田径比赛中发挥得那么好”。nodoubt“毫无疑问”；nowonder“难怪”；noquestion“没问题”；noproblem“没问题；没关系”。5intermsof根据；按照；用的话；就而言；在方面inthelongterm/run从长远来看intheshortterm短期内ingeneral/practical/financialterms从总体/实际/财政角度看来beongood/badtermswithsb与某人关系好/不好etoterms(withsb)(与某人)达成协议；妥协etotermswithsth接受/适应某物1)Thejobisgreat_salary,butitalsohasitsdisadvantages.就薪金而言，这工作不错，但也有一些不好的地方。2)Scientistsandengineersareusuallyjudged_howgreattheirachievementsare.人们往往以成就的大小来评价科学家和工程师。3)Stayinguplatemakeshimathisworst_physicalsituation.熬夜使得他的体力状况处于低潮。【答案】1)intermsof2)intermsof3)intermsof(1)单项填空Father_thatwefourbrotherstryourbesttohelpouruncle_everythinghehaddoneforus.Asuggested;inreturnforBhoped;inexchangeforCwished;intermsofDsupposed;incaseof【答案与解析】A题意：父亲建议我们四兄弟尽力去帮助叔叔来回报他曾经为我们做过的一切。inreturnfor“作为对的回报”，suggest后的宾语从句谓语部分用“(should)动词原形”结构，故选A项。inexchangefor“交换”；intermsof“根据；按照；在方面”；incaseof“万一；以防”。(2)名校押题(xx福州质检)_achievement,lastmonthsministerialmeetingoftheWHOhereearnedalow,thoughnotfailing,grade.AIntermsofBIncaseofCAsaresultofDInfaceof【答案与解析】Aintermsof“就而言”，符合题意。incaseof“万一；以防”；asaresultof“作为的结果”；infaceof“面对”。6giveaway捐赠；赠送；出卖；泄露此短语是及物动词短语，如宾语为代词，则需将代词放在中间；如宾语为名词，该名词放在中间或away后均可。giveback归还give.acall/ring给打电话giveout分发；耗尽giveoff发出giveup放弃giveadvice提建议giveatalk作报告givein屈服；让步givebirthto生下1)Asamatteroffact,itishishandwritingthat_.实际上，是他的笔迹出卖了他。2)He_mostofhismoneytocharity.他把他的大部分钱都捐赠给了慈善事业。【答案】1)gavehimaway2)gaveaway(1)完成句子Shewouldnt_anydetailsoftheplan.她不会泄露计划的任何细节。【答案】giveaway(2)名校押题(xx海口调研)Youmustntmentionthatatthebeginningofthestory,oritmay_theshockingending.AgiveawayBgiveoutCgiveupDgiveoff【答案与解析】A考查动词短语。这里指泄露令人吃惊的结尾，故用giveaway。重点句型探究1.HowIwishIcouldgetonfinewithmycolleaguesinthepany!我多么希望能在公司与同事友好地相处啊！wish之后的宾语从句常用来表示一种不太可能实现的愿望，因而常用虚拟语气。如果表示过去的愿望，谓语动词用过去完成时态；如果表示目前的愿望，用一般过去时态；如果表示将来的愿望，用would/could/might动词原形。【仿写】他要是不每天晚上都出去就好了。_【答案】HowIwishhewouldntgoouteverynight.1)IwishI_30yearsyounger.我希望自己能年轻三十岁。2)Iwish(that)you_agoodjob.我希望你能找到一份好工作。3)Iwishyou_meallthisbefore.我倒希望你当初没有把这一切都告诉我。【答案】1)were2)wouldget3)hadnttold(1)完成句子HowIwishI_whatwasgoingtohappen.要是我能知道会发生什么事就好了。【答案】knew(2)名校押题(xx银川质检)HowIwisheveryfamily_alargehousewithmodernequipment!AhasBhadCwillhaveDhadhad【答案与解析】B该句表达的是一个和目前事实相反的愿望，故从句的谓语动词应该使用一般过去时态。2Thereisnodoubtaboutit.对此毫无疑问。Thereisnodoubtabout/asto./that.毫无疑问Thereissomedoubtabout/asto./(asto)whether.对怀疑/不确定/不信任【仿写】她无疑是二十世纪九十年代最优秀的歌手。_【答案】Thereisnodoubtthatshewasthefinestsingerinthe1990s.1)_thatheisguilty.毫无疑问，他是有罪的。2)Thereseemstobe_thatDickhasdonehisjobwell.迪克把工作干得很出色，这似乎是不容置疑的。【答案】1)Thereisnodoubt2)nodoubt(1)完成句子_hemeanttohelp,butinfacthejustgotintheway.他确实是想帮忙，然而事实上却帮了倒忙。【答案】Nodoubt(2)名校押题(xx沈阳质检)Someresearchersbelievethatthereisnodoubt_acureforthedeadlydiseasewillbefound.AwhichBthatCwhatDwhether【答案与解析】BThereisnodoubtthat.为固定句型，意为“毫无疑问”。模拟试题探究1(xx江苏泰兴重点中学2011届高三第一次检测)Ringmeat6tomorrowmorning.Whythatearly?I_.AwillsleepBhavesleptCwillbesleepingDhavebeensleeping【答案与解析】C考查将来进行时。答语题意为“到明天早晨6点，我将正在睡觉”。所以用将来进行时。2(xx吉安一中模拟)Inafamily,_reallyworksis_thereisonepersonwhounderstandsthefinancesandtakescareofit.Athat;whatBwhat;thatCit;thatDas;that【答案与解析】B考查名词性从句。主语为“whatreallyworks”，引导词what在主语从句中作主语；第2空是表语从句引导词，that无实际意义，不能省略。3(xx吉林统考)_wasknowntousallthatJohnsonhadbrokenhispromise_hewouldgiveeachofusasmallgift.AAs;whichBWhat;thatCIt;thatDIt;which【答案与解析】Cit作形式主语，that引导同位语从句。4(xx淄博二模)Isit,inyouropinion,possible_newmeasureswillbetakentoimprovetheterribletraffic?AwhetherBwhatCwhenDthat【答案与解析】D这个句子中的inyouropinion是插入语，可以去掉，不影响句子结构。句子是一般疑问句，可以换成陈述句语序，即“Itispossiblethat”从句。故that从句是主语从句，it作形式主语。5(xx吉林统考)HowaboutbuyingSamamobilephone?Afterall,heisntaboyanymore.Ithinkitisnecessary,forwesometimeswanttomakesureifhe_homefordinner.AwilleBesChaseDwoulde【答案与解析】A考查宾语从句的时态。根据题意可知是一般将来时。