2019-2020年高中英语 Unit 4 Wildlife Protection期末知识梳理 新人教版必修2.doc

2019-2020年高中英语 Unit 4 Wildlife Protection期末知识梳理 新人教版必修2一、训练导入I.考纲单词写出下列考纲词汇的词性和汉义(如果不止一个词性学生自行增补词性及相应汉义)1.wild 2.hunt 3.respond 4.distant 5.relief 6.laughter 7.certain 8.importance 9.insect 10.contain 11.powerful 12.affect 13.attention 14.appreciate 15.succeed 16.ine 17.employ 18.harm 19.bite 20.inspect 21.incident 22.dust II.核心短语1in _和平地2die _灭亡；逐渐消失3burst_laughter 突然笑起来；大声笑了出来4pay _to 注意5._to 按照，根据.所说6.in _of 在危险中；垂危形7._relief 如释重负；松了口气8._into being 形成；产生9.so _以至于，结果10.turn _转过身；向后转11.without_毫不留情12be _about 关心13respond _对做出响应14protect _保护某人面受15do harm _对有害16look _抬头看17.be related _与有关18depend _依靠19intend _do 打算做20be based _以为根据二、知识精讲I.重点词汇 1. wild adj. 野生的, 野的, 未驯化的；无居民的, 荒凉的典例 1). He enjoys filming wild animals. 他喜欢拍摄野生动物。2). We walked into a wild mountain region. 我们走进荒无人烟的山区。重点用法be wild about sth/sb（对某事物某人）极热心或热爱be wild with 因而发狂2. relief n. （痛苦 困苦 忧虑等的）减轻或解除典例 1). The drug gives some relief from pain. 这种药可以减轻一些痛苦。2). I breathed/heaved a sigh of relief when I heard he was safe. 我听到他平安的消息时才松了一口气。重点用法(much) to ones relief 使某人大为放心；使某人深感宽慰3. hunt vt. & vi. 打猎; 猎取; 搜索典例 1). Wolves hunt in packs. 狼是成群猎食的。2). Police are hunting an escaped criminal. 警方正在追捕逃犯。重点用法hunt for 试图找到（某物某人）4. distant n. （空间或时间）远隔的, 遥远的典例 1). The airport is about ten miles distant from the city. 机场距离城市大约十英里远。2). She is a distant cousin of mine. 她是我的远房表妹。重点用法be distant with / towards with sb. 对冷淡5. mercy n. 仁慈; 宽恕; 宽容; 恩惠; 幸运典例 1). They showed mercy to their enemies. 他们对敌人很仁慈。2). Its a mercy she wasnt hurt in the accident. 她在事故中未受伤, 真幸运。重点用法at the mercy of sb/sth任由某人某事物摆布或控制have mercy on / upon对有怜悯心II.重点词组 1. pay attention to 注意典例 1). Please pay attention to what I am saying. 请注意我说的话。2). She turned her attention to a new problem. 她把注意力转移到一个新问题上。短语归纳catch sbs attention 吸引某人的注意draw attention to sth. 注意某事物give ones attention to 注意 2. die out（指物种）死光；灭绝, 火慢慢熄灭典例 1). The moths habitat is being destroyed and it has nearly died out. 这种蛾子因栖息地正受到破坏, 几乎绝种了。短语归纳die away减弱（以至觉察不到）；淡化die down逐渐降低；减弱be dying 垂死的be dying for/to do sth.渴望die of 死于（饥饿；病）die from死于（外界引起的）die hard很难改变；顽固3. e into being形成；产生（不可用于被动语态或进行时态）典例Dinosaurs lived on the earth tens of millions of years ago, long before humans came into being.千百万年前，恐龙就在地球上生活，比人类的出现要早得多。短语归纳e into effect实施e into use投入使用e into power上台执政III.重点句型 1. She turned around and there was an antelope with a sad face looking at her.她转过身看到一只羚羊带着忧郁的神色望着她。解释此句可改成：She turned around and there was an antelope which was looking at her with a sad face.“with a sad face looking at her” 为with的复合结构，即with +名词、代词（介词宾语）+v.-ing（宾补）。可充当宾补的还有分词、不定式、形容词、副词及介词短语。简单总结为：with +宾语+-v.-ed /v.-ing /to do）作伴随状语或定语典例With some students following behind, he came in. 2. They set the number of animals to be hunted. 他们拨出一定数量的动物供人们捕猎。解释to be hunted为动词不定式的被动式，在此作animals的后置定语。不定式作定语时，在句中如果能找到不定式动作的执行者，常用不定式的主动式，找不到时常用不定式的被动式。典例The first thing to be done is to tidy up the office.The first thing for you to do is to tidy up the office.三、语法突破现在进行时态的被动语态 一、现在进行时态的被动语态的基本结构的构成：1现在进行时态的被动语态的肯定式为：am/is/are + being + done。 如： The question is being discussed at the meeting now. 这个问题现在正在会上被讨论。 Another bridge is being built over the Changjiang River at present. 目前长江上正在建造另一座大桥。2现在进行时态的被动语态的否定式为：am/is/are + not + being + done。如： The baby isnt being taken good care of. 这婴儿没在得到很好的照顾。 The animals are not being set free at present. 目前这些动物还不能被放出。3现在进行时态的被动语态的一般疑问句需将am/is/are 提到主语的前面。（回答用yes或no）如： -Is a new library being put up in their school now？ -Yes, it is. 甲：他们学校现在正在建一座新图书馆吗。乙：是，正在建一座新图书馆 -Are a number of Dongfeng trucks being shipped abroad? -No, they arent. 甲：一批东风卡车正被运往国外吗？乙：不，没有。4现在进行时态的被动语态的特殊疑问句为：疑问词 + am/is/are + (主语) + being + done。如： What is being done to the machine? 现在对这台机器要采取什么措施？ How many houses are being built in the village? 村里正在建造多少房屋？ When is the sports meeting being held in our school. 我校将在什么时候举行运动会？二、现在进行时态的被动语态的用法： 1现在进行时态的被动语态的同它的主动语态一样，表示现在正在进行的被动动作。 He is being interviewed by our headmaster now. 他正在接受我们校长的采访。 This film is being shown now. 这部电影正在被放映。2现在进行时态的被动语态的同它的主动语态一样，表示现阶段正在进行的被动动作。 The disease is being studied by scientists. 科学家们正在研究这种疾病。 These animals are being hunted at such a speed that they will disappear soon. 以如此速度捕杀动物，他们很快就会消失。 3现在进行时态的被动语态一般不与表示一段时间的状语或表示次数的状语连用，这时需要用完成时态的 被动语态。如： The watch is being repaired twice. 改成 The watch has been reparied twice. The house over there is being built for two months. 改成 The house over there has been built for two months.4少数及物动词的的进行时表示按计划、安排将要承受某个动作。如： Some rock music is being played by them next. 下面将由他们演奏一些摇滚音乐。 A party is being held tonight. 今晚将举办一场晚会。 在进行时被动语态五个提醒一. 不可遗漏being现在进行时的被动语态表示说话时主语正在承受谓语动词的动作，谓语动词的形式为“is/are/ambeing过去分词”。如果我们把being漏掉，就成为一般现在时被动语态或系表结构。试比较下列句子：Look！The children are being taken care of by their aunt. 瞧！孩子们现在正由姑母照看着。Children are taken good care of at school.? 孩子们在校被照看得很好。（指通常情况）The report is being written by one of the best students.? 报告正在由一个最好的学生写着呢。The report is well written. 报告写得很好。（系表结构）二. 表示现阶段现在进行时被动语态也可以表示目前这一阶段主语正在承受谓语动词的动作。Many interesting experiments are being carried out these days. 最近正在进行许多有趣的实验。（说话时，并不一定在进行）三. 表示计划或安排现在进行时被动语态还可表示按计划、安排主语将要承受谓语动词的动作（仅限于bring，take，send，hold，sing，show，play等表示移动的或能用来表示某项活动的少数及物动词）。A folk song is being sung next.? 下面将演唱一首民间歌曲。A party is being held tonight.? 今晚将要举行一场晚会。四. 没有进行时被动语态contain，include，impress，feel，want，like，love，satisfy，surprise，own等一些表示状态、 心理活动、拥有等意义的动词（和主动语态一样）一般不用进行时被动语态，常用一般现在时被动语态表示此时此刻或目前主语承受谓语动词的动作。Xiao Wang, e here. You are wanted on the phone. ?小王，过来，有人打电话找你呢。Football is being more and more popular. In other words, it is loved by more and more people.? 足球现在越来越流行了，换句话说，它被越来越多的人喜爱。五. 其它形式表示被动结构“beunder/in等介词名词”结构可代替进行时被动语态。The city is under attack（is being attacked）at the moment.? 目前这个城市正受到进攻。The telephone is in use（is being used）now.? 电话正在使用中。练习题单选：1. -Have you moved into the new house? -Not yet, the room _. A. are being painted B. are painting C. are painted D. are being painting2. Look! The ship _. A. is unloading B. is being unloaded C. had unloaded D. is been unloaded3. The children _ many times not to swim in the river. A. told B. have told C. have been told D. are being told4. The new plan _ now. A. is discussed B. is discussing C. is being discussed D. is going to discuss5. The whole city looks like a big construction site. Many new factories _. A. have been built B. are being built C. are going to be built D. are building6. A science lab _ in our school at present. A. is being built B. has built C. is building D. will be built7. Since your car _. You may use mine. A. is being repaired B. has been repaired C. is repairing D. is being repairing8. A new cinema _ here. They hope to finish it next month. A. will be built B. is built C. has been built D. is being built9. Look! The roads _ now. A. are widening b. are widened C. are being widened D. is to be widened10. - The window is dirty. - I know. It _ for weeks. A. hasnt cleaned B. didnt clean C. wasnt cleaned D. hasnt been cleaned答案：1-5 A B C C B 6-10 A A D C D四、单元自测第一节 单项选择1On seeing her funnylooking hairstyle, her classmates could not _ their laughs.Ahold BcontainCovere Dpreventlaughing。2Soon after the terrible earthquake，_ was sent to the people who lost their homes from all over the world.Aexpense BreliefCattention Dsympathy3The headmaster has retired but no one knows who will _ him in the post.Afollow BsucceedCremove Dachieve4Theres a whole crowd of people over there.Go and see what _ and if it is good，we will buy it too.Ais selling Bhas been sellingCis being sold Dhas been sold5It was not until fish _ that the villagers realized the importance of protecting the river.Adied away Bdied offCdied from Ddied out6My flight _.Id better be on my way.Goodbye.Bye.Happy landing!Awas announced Bis being announcedChas announced Dis announced7After graduating from university，Wang Ping was _ a secretary in a big pany.Aemployed as BemployedCtaken for Dregarded as8My uncle suggested I _ abroad.I would rather you _ at home.Ago; stayBwent; stayedCgo; stayed Dwent; stay9The driver was at _ loss when _ word came that he was forbidden to drive for speeding.Aa; the B/; /Cthe; the Da; /10Now I see you want to _ the position as you said just now.Could you please give me a brief _ your intention?Aapply for; account ofBreact to; introduction aboutCreply for; description ofDremind of; instruction about11Too much smoking and drinking _ him greatly，which meant bad living habits had an _ on his health.Aaffect; effect Baffected; effectCaffected; effects Daffect; effects12The teacher got very _ when the boy student refused to answer his question.Aannoying Bbeing annoyedCto be annoying Dannoyed13Wed like to _ a table for five for dinner this evening.Apreserve BreserveCrelieve Dreckon14The audience waited until the curtain rose and then _ laughter at the sight of the funny actor.Aburst out Bburst intoCbroke into Dbegan with15After the new president of the USA came to power，a new rule soon_.Acame into being Bcame into useCcame into the market Dcame into blossom第二节完形填空（共20小题，每小题1.5分；满分30分）阅读下面的短文，从短文后所给各题的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。All of my four grown children returned home visiting me this weekend, so we decided to go out for lunchThe centre of our 1 was my two-year-old granddaughterShe had never had pancakes before so we were 2 about her trying themWe 3 tried to make our family meals special, so this time we decided to 4 every kind of pancake they had and required that they be 5 on one big family-style plate! We each took 6 to pick up food and also gave it to the baby. There was a lovely 7 at the table and lots of smilesAs I was looking around the table, enjoying this wonderful 8 , a gentleman nearby 9 my eyesHe was eating his lunch alone quietly in the cornerHe 10 looked over and smiled at my granddaughterSuddenly, I had a great 11 I took out a smile card that I always 12 with me and gave it to the waitressI 13 to her that I wanted to pay that man s bill anonymously （匿名地） and 14 her to give him the smile card. Our 15 was still going on after the gentleman had leftThe waitress came over and told us that the man had 16 the smile card on and paid for another table 17 he leftHow great! It didnt end there, 18 , the waitress then came back later and told us that the second table had then 19 someone else and passed the smile card on too! What was really 20 was that by the time we left, half the room had ended up paying for a different table!1. A. reaction B. enjoyment C. performance D. attention2. A. worried B. excited C. puzzled D. concerned3. A. almost B. even C. always D. never4. A. order B. make C. take D. place5. A. eaten B. presented C. given D. served6. A. charge B. chances C. turns D. action7. A. girl B. environment C. figure D. plate8. A. sceneB. activityC. gameD. manner9. A. blindedB. coveredC. removedD. caught10. A. immediatelyB. intentionallyC. frequentlyD. occasionally11. A. goalB. ideaC. wishD. gift12. A. hidB. savedC. madeD. carried13. A. explainedB. admittedC. mentionedD. announced14. A. forcedB. advisedC. askedD. urged15. A. meetingB. mealC. smileD. plan16. A. collectedB. carriedC. takenD. passed17A. beforeB. sinceC. afterD. until18A. anyhowB. thereforeC. howeverD. otherwise19A. got aroundB. paid forC. cared aboutD. looked out20A. amazingB. frighteningC. satisfyingD. annoying阅读理解： I always avoid going on field investigations with the toxics (毒物)team, unless its absolutely necessary. Its not that I mind the hard work, or am afraid of ing into contact with toxic substances. What I fear is quickly losing hope about the work I do. However, doing field research with the toxics team, all I see and feel is filthnothing else. Even if I close my eyes, I can smell the smell of food processing, rotting organic waste from paper mills and chemicals from clothing manufacturers. One morning, I went to investigate a discharged pipe to document and collect samples of pollutants secretly being emitted by a textile mill. I had to work with the utmost secrecy in order to avoid being discovered by the textile mill. I dipped a long measuring pole into the large polluting pipe to measure the volume of polluted water being emitted. But the surface of the water, covered in oil and filth, made me feel as if to vomit. All of a sudden, I felt someone hit me on my back. It frightened me so much that I almost fell into the water. I grasped the pole and looked behind me to see an old man standing there. He asked:“Can you catch fish here?”I realized that he thought I was holding a fishing pole, so I kept calm and said: “Yes, I heard that theres a kind of small fish living in this water, and it has medicinal benefits.” The old man grew quite curious and replied:“That may be. If a fish can survive in water as dirty as this , it must have a lot of resistance. So it wouldnt be too strange if such fish had medicinal benefits.” It was clear he was just passing by, so I answered:“Yeah, survival of the fittest. Fish that adapt can survive, just like us humans.” He kept talking to me and didnt want to leave. He wanted to see whether or not I would catch the small fish with medicinal benefits.1. The text is mainly about . A. a research report about pollution B. an exciting experience of fishing C. an experience of doing research on pollution D. an unforgettable talk with an old man2. Which word can take place of the underlined word in the 2nd paragraph? A. fish B. textile C. water D. pollutants3. What is the writer of the text most probably? A. A newspaper reporter. B. A researcher about pollution. C. A fisherman. D. A worker of the textile mill.4. Why did the writer tell the old man he was fishing? A. Because he wanted to satisfy the old mans curiosity B. Because the old man was interested in fishing too C. Because he did the research secretly D. Because the old man wanted to buy the fish5. We can infer from the last paragraph that . A. the old man had found out the secret B. the old man wanted to catch the fish by himself C. the writer would have to tell the old man the fact D. the old man was sent to watch over the writerBIce climb in LondonThe huge ice skating area at Somerset House has been drawing crowds each winter for years, but last November an ice wall was added for the first time, bringing even more danger and excitement. Standing more than 26 feet high is a long line of pure ice, featuring three climbing faces of varying difficulty using crampons (防滑鞋), ice picks and ropes. Using it costs about 40 (020 78454600; somersethouseicednk.org.uk). It is open from late November to the end of January.Hang-gliding (悬挂式滑翔) in Rio De JaneiroAccording to the hang-gliders of Rio, once youve swooped (俯冲) over the citys streets, gazing at the Sugar Loaf, and the city of Niteroion, the other side of Guanabara Bay, you will understand why birds are peaceful animals. Accept the romantic idea on a 30-minute cycling flight from the 525-meter Pedra Bonita in the Sao Conrado mountain down to the Sao Conrado beach. It costs around 55.Contact Air Adventures (00 21 9843 9006; riohanggliding. ).Skywalk in SydneyThis experience takes having a look at a nice view to the whole other level, as you are suspended more than 850 feet (260 m) above street level, controlled to a glass viewing platform of Sydney Tower. Its the citys highest building. After a thorough briefing and being fitted with protective skysuits, skywalkers make their way along two-purpose-built walkways and platforms, which have transparent floor, while a guide points out landmarks. Night time skywalks are also available. It costs 46.Mountain boarding in LeedsRiders roll down hills and fly off jumps, doing tricks. A number of special mountain board parks have opened around the country (see ridethehill). But the Leeds body of the Boarding Society practice at least twice a week in the city in locations that include Roundhay Park. Those with their own boards are weled to join them. Contact the society at scuz.info. Alternatively, beginners can get lessons in Halifax at the Another World (01422 245196; Mountain boarding.co.uk) mountain board center for 8 an hour, with equipment.6. The purpose of the above ads is to _.A. offer some ways to experience extreme sportsB. help readers have different excitement during their holidaysC. introduce the most exciting sports around the worldD. introduce the latest sports in the world7. Which of the following is open at night?A. Ice climb in London. B. Hang-gliding in Rio De Janeiro.C. Skywalk in Sydney. D. Mountain boarding in Leeds.8. What kind of feeling would you have if you went hang-gliding in Rio De Janeiro?A. Flying peacefully like a bird. B. Jumping quickly like a sportsman.C. Flying over the city like a pilot. D. Flying like a romantic actor.9. You have never tried dangerous sport, then you can get on _ to find some training information.A. ridethehill B. riohangglidingC. scuz.info D. mountainboarding.co.uk单元自测答案：第一节 1-5BBBCD6-10BACDA11-15BDBBA第二节 1-20DBCADCBADCBDACBDACBA第三节 1-5 CDBCC6-9 ACAD