2019-2020年高考英语一轮复习周末培优第13周人物故事类含解析新人教版.doc

2019-2020年高考英语一轮复习周末培优第13周人物故事类含解析新人教版I.单项填空(每小题1分，共8分)从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。1.The publication of Great Expectations, which _both widely reviewed and highly praised, strengthened Dickens status as a leading novelist.A.isB. areC. wasD. were【答案】C【解析】考查时态与主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，which指代Great Expectations这本书， 故定语从句中的谓语动词应该使用单数形式；根据句中的strengthened可知，应使用一般过去时态。故答案为C。2.Do you have Bettys phone number?Yes. Otherwise, I_ able to reach her yesterday.A. hadnt beenB. wouldnt have beenC. werentD. wouldnt be【答案】B3.When you drive through the Redwood Forests in California, you will be _trees that are over 1,000 years old.A. amongB. againstC. behindD. below【答案】A【解析】考查介词辨析。句意：当你开车穿行于加利福尼亚州的红木森林时，你就会被有一千多年树龄的树木包围着。这里用介词among表示在中，与前面的through the Redwood Forests呼应。4.Why didnt you tell me about your trouble last week? If you_me, I could have helped.A. toldB. had toldC. were to tellD. would tell【答案】B【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：你上个星期为什么不告诉我你的问题呢?如果你告诉我了，我就能帮你了。根据句意及空后的could have helped判断，此处表示与过去事实相反的假设，应用过去完成时，故选B。5.The students have been working hard on their lessons and their efforts_with success in the end.A. rewardedB.B. were rewardedC. will rewardD. will be rewarded【答案】D6. _over a week ago, the books are expected to arrive any time now.A. OrderingB. To orderC. Having orderedD. Ordered【答案】D【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：这些书是一个多星期以前订购的，预计马上会到货。分析句子成分可知，此处应用非谓语动词；order与句子主语是逻辑上的动宾关系，故用过去分词作状语表示被动和完成。7. The movie starts at 8:30, and we can have a quick bite before we go._. See you at 8:10.A. So longB. Sounds greatC. Good luckD. Have a good time【答案】B【解析】考查交际用语。电影8点半开始，我们去之前可以快速吃点东西。听起来不错，那我们8点10分见。根据句意可知，第二个人是对第一个人的说法表示赞同，所以B项符合语境。8.Scientists have advanced many theories about why human beings cry tears, none of_has been proved.A. whomB. whichC. whatD. that【答案】BII.阅读理解(每小题1.5分，共12分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。When I was watching a sports event yesterday, I met with an amazing sight. It was not a goldmedal, or a world record broken, but a show of pure courage and determination.The event was swimming. I watched a man dive off the blocks and knew right away that something was wrong. Im not an expert swimmer, but I can tell a good dive from a poor one, and this was not exactly medal quality. When he resurfaced, it was evident that the man was not out for gold his arms were waving in an attempt at freestyle.I heard the crowd begin to laugh at this poor man who was clearly having a hard time. Finally he made his turn to start back. It was pitiful. He made a few desperate strokes (划水) and you could tell he was worn out. But in those few awkward strokes, the crowd changed. No longer were they laughing, but beginning to cheer. Some even began to stand and yell things like, e on, you can do it! He did. The crowd went wild. Just a short year ago, he had never even swum, let alone race. His country had been invited to take part in the event. Even though he recorded the slowest time, this man gave more heart than any of the other petitorsa man that gave his all, knowing that he had no chance but to pete because of the spirit of the games.1. We know from the passage that the swimmer _ .A. was not professionalB. had two petitorsC. had a wrong startD. didnt try his best2. What can be learned from the last two paragraphs?A. The swimmer lost his spirit.B. The swimmer didnt finish his match.C. The audience was touched deeply by the swimmer.D. The crowd supported the swimmer from the beginning.3. The authors attitude towards the swimmer is that of _ .A. toleranceB. disappointmentC. carelessnessD. admiration【语篇解读】本文主要讲述了一位游泳选手在明知自己没有机会获得名次的情况下仍然坚持完比赛，最后观众被他努力争取的比赛精神所深深地感动。2. C【解析】推理判断题。根据第三段中的No longer were they laughing, but beginning to cheer. Some even began to stand and yell及第四段中的Just a short year ago, he had never even swum, let alone race. His country had been invited to take part in the event.可知，观众起立为这位选手喝彩，最后甚至他的国家也被邀请参与其中，可见观众们被他的比赛精神深深地感动了，故C项正确。3. D【解析】观点态度题。根据第一段中的It was not a gold medal, or a world record broken, but a show of pure courage and determination.可知，作者很钦佩这位选手的勇气和决心，故D项正确。人物故事类的文章体裁一般是记叙文，包含记叙文的时间、地点、人物、事件等要素。写作手法多采用时间、空间或逻辑线索贯穿文章始终。命题以细节为主，推理为辅。主要向读者介绍科学家、文学家、思想家、政治家、企业家以及影视、体育明星等杰出人物，尤其重视介绍这些杰出人物在各自领域所取得的重大成就，如何克服身体残缺、自然环境和社会环境所造成的困难取得的成功等。文章一般会歌颂他们在为人类作出巨大贡献的同时，也为自己的事业谱写出了精彩的篇章。B Everyone wants to be happy, but not everyone can make it. Do you want to have a good mood every day? If so, the following steps will be useful to you.Be grateful. 1 They can be simple things like the purple flower on the sidewalk, the beautiful sunset, and the hot shower you take every day. When you have a grateful heart, youll cherish them and be automatically filled with happiness. 2 When you put your mind, heart and soul into what youre doing, youre creating a happiness state called the flow. When youre living in the flow, youre less likely to mind what others may think about you, and less bothered by unimportant things. The result? More happiness, of course!Bee a problem solver.Happy people are problem solvers. 3 Instead, they face up to the challenge and channel their energies into finding a creative solution. By being a problem solver, youll build up your self-confidence and your ability to acplish whatever you determine to do.Practice forgiveness.Hatred and anger are forms of self-punishment. When you forgive, youre actually practicing kindness to yourself. 4 Everyone makes mistakes. Its through our mistakes that we learn and grow to bee a bigger and better person.Give back.Doing good is one of the surest ways to feel good. According to Harvard, when people do good, their brains bee active in the very same reward center that is stimulated(刺激) when they experience other rewards. 5 A. Go with the flow.B. Focus on what you are doing.C. And most importantly, learn to forgive yourself.D. When they face a challenge in life, they dont fall into a sad state.E. When they meet with difficulties, they will solve them on their own.F. So its not a surprise that people who care more about others are happier.G. Slow down, look around, and pay attention to the little details in your life.【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了如何成为一个快乐的人。1.G 【解析】根据第二段中的They can be simple things like the purple flower on the sidewalk, the beautiful sunset, and the hot shower you take every day以及G项中的the little details与simple things的对应关系可知，G项符合语境。3.D 【解析】根据小标题Bee a problem solver及空后的Instead, they face up to the challenge and channel their energies into finding a creative solution可知，此处所填内容应是与解决问题有关的，且要与后文构成转折关系，故D项当他们在生活中遇到挑战的时候，他们不会陷入悲伤的状态符合语境。本题考生易错选E项。E项说的是当他们遇到困难时，他们会自己解决，虽然该选项的内容与解决问题有关，但与空后的相反，他们勇敢面对挑战，并把精力倾注于找到一个有创意的解决办法之间没有转折关系，语义联系不起来，故可排除。4.C 【解析】根据小标题Practice forgiveness及空前的When you forgive, youre actually practicing kindness to yourself和空后的Everyone makes mistakes可知，每一个人都会犯错，但最重要的是学会原谅自己。故C项符合语境。III. 完形填空(每小题1分，共20分)阅读下面的短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 The wood stoves cheery flames cast golden light that flickered(闪烁) across my familys faces. In the still of the evening,1in our cozy room with my family, I had never felt so2and calm. I hadnt always felt that way3we moved to the mountains and4our living space and belongings. Wed not only downsized physical things, but wed also cleared out5clutter(杂乱的东西), starting with6live television! Right away, something wonderful had7.Although Id never watched a lot of television, the emotions8by the stories that Id seen on TV9remained in my thoughts, making me blue. Now, I found myself in better spirits10the violence, or sadness that the television had broadcast. Planning was easy now that our11no longer centered around a weekly show. The12about who got to watch what shows ended. We13ourselves to writing, reading books, and enjoying14(we had plenty of viewing time for the sunset, the stars, or the storm clouds). Family discussions no longer15that days shows; we created our own news. We talked about our lives, our home and had in-depth16with each other. And at last our minds found peace as our family grew17together.I cant help but wonder how many18memories would never have been made if wed kept our19 special moments spent together in the great room, or snacking outside on a blanket. I wouldnt20those moments for all the sits, talk shows, and movies in the world.1.A.gatheringB. progressingC. strugglingD. hiding2.A.enthusiasticB. excitedC. contentedD. secure3.A.afterB. beforeC. unlessD. if4.A.enlargedB. sharedC. simplifiedD. beautified5.A.physicalB. socialC. intellectualD. mental6.A.removingB. watchingC. destroyingD. broadcasting7.A.pulled backB. flooded inC. faded awayD. turned over8.A.challengedB. damagedC. causedD. inspired9.A.graduallyB. frequentlyC. randomlyD. occasionally10.A.beyondB. againstC. despiteD. without11.A.schedulesB. decisionsC. customsD. suggestions12.A.doubtsB. promisesC. mentsD. quarrels13.A.abandonedB. submittedC. devotedD. accustomed14.ApanyB. silenceC. natureD. munication15.A.agreed onB. took onC. depended onD. focused on16.A.conversationsB. investigationsC. analysesD. relationships17.A.biggerB. closerC. calmerD. richer18.A.countlessB. endlessC. pricelessD. valueless19.A.promiseB. traditionC. appointmentD. television20.A.exchangeB. prepareC. substituteD. check【文章大意】在放弃了以电视为中心的生活方式之后，作者感受到了从未有过的满足与平静，家人之间也变得更加亲近了。1.A 根据语境可知，在万籁俱寂的夜晚，作者和家人聚集(gathering)在温暖舒适的房间。progress前进，行进；struggle奋斗，努力。5.D 根据上文的ur living space and belongings. Wed not only downsized physical things， but wed also cleared out可知，作者一家也清理了精神方面的杂乱。mental 精神上的符合语境。physical身体的；social社交的；intellectual智力上的。6.A 根据上下文的内容可知，作者一家从消除(removing)电视直播开始清理精神方面的杂乱。destroy摧毁；broadcast广播。7.B 根据下文可知，一些美妙的事情纷至沓来(flooded in)。pull back撤退，退出；fade away逐渐消失；turn over翻转。8.C 虽然作者从不看很多电视节目，但是在电视上看到的故事所引起(caused)的情绪经常(frequently)留在他的脑海里，让他郁郁不乐。challenge挑战；inspire激励，激发。9.B 参见上题解析。gradually逐渐地；randomly随意地；occasionally偶然地。10.D 没有了电视播出的暴力或悲伤，作者发现自己的精神状态更好了。根据语境，应用without无，没有。11.A 根据语境可知，由于他们不再围绕每周的节目来制订计划表，计划制订变得简单易行了。schedule计划表，日程表。12.D 关于谁看什么电视节目的争吵(quarrels)终止了。promise妥协；ment评论。13.C 根据语境可知，作者一家把自身投入到(devoted)写作、读书和享受自然(nature)中。abandon oneself to .陷入，沉湎于；submit oneself to .顺从，屈服于；accustom oneself to .使习惯于。14.C 参见上题解析。下文的we had plenty of viewing time for the sunset， the stars， or the storm clouds是关键提示。pany陪伴；silence寂静。18.C 作者不禁琢磨着如果他们保留了电视(television)，多少珍贵的(priceless)回忆将不会被创造。countless无数的；endless无尽的；valueless无价值的，不值钱的。考生易误选D项。考生误选D项的根源在于未理解valueless的含义。valueless意为无价值的，不值钱的，而valuable意为珍贵的，有价值的，辨明了这两个词的含义，考生不难选出答案。19.D 参见上题解析。promise承诺；tradition传统；appointment约定。20.A 作者不会用那些时刻来交换(exchange)世界上所有的情景喜剧，访谈节目及电影。substitute代替，替换， substitute A for B意为用A代替B。IV.语法填空(每小题1分，共10分)阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Which is the most significant classical Chinese painting? According to Paul Denlinger, who1(lay) over in China many times when young, it should be Qingming Shanghe Tu or Along the River During the Qingming Festival. This2(create) dates back to the Northern Song dynasty.This painting is important3several reasons. First, up until this time, almost all Chinese paintings were landscapes,4(contain) no or only a few images of people. Second, this is the first scroll(卷轴) painting5(describe) both Chinese urban and suburban life during the period in the capital, Bianjing (now Kaifeng in Henan province).Third, the painting is6(high) detailed and features shops of all kinds and different economic activities in and out of the city. People are able to see the Chinese technologies of the time, which helps them7great deal in understanding8the Chinese lived.The Beijing Palace Museum keeps the9(origin) Song painting and one of its famous copies the Qing version10(hold) in the National Palace Museum in Taipei.【文章大意】中国最重要的经典画作是什么?依在中国生活多年的Paul Denlinger来看，那非清明上河图莫属。3.for 【解析】考查介词。这幅画之所以重要有几条原因。reason前的介词一般用for。 for.reason是固定用法，意为出于的原因。4.containing【解析】考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空处作伴随状语。contain意为包括，包含，与句子的主语almost all Chinese paintings是主谓关系，故用现在分词作状语。5.to describe【解析】考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，scroll painting被序数词修饰，故用不定式作后置定语。【知识拓展】英语中常用不定式作定语的情况概览：序数词、形容词最高级后或被序数词、形容词最高级修饰的名词后；不定代词something， nothing， little等后；抽象名词time， way， chance， courage， opportunity， wish等后，且不定式一般用主动形式；被修饰词前有the only， the very， the next等词时；表示将要发生的动作时(不定式既有主动形式，又有被动形式)；there be句型中作主语的名词后。6.highly【解析】考查副词。第三，这幅画非常细致。空处修饰形容词detailed，应该填副词。high和highly都可作副词，但high表示在高处，向高处，高，多指具体的高;而highly表示非常，很;高标准地，多指抽象意义上的高。结合语境可知，这里应该用highly。7.a 【解析】考查冠词。这极大地帮助他们了解那时中国人是怎么生活的。a great deal在此充当副词，修饰helps，故填a。8.how9.original【解析】考查词性转换。空处作定语修饰后面的名词短语，故用origin的形容词形式original原来的，最早的。10.is held【解析】考查动词的时态和语态。one of its famous copies与hold之间是动宾关系，故用被动语态；且此处描述现在的事实，用一般现在时。V.短文改错 (每小题1分，共10分) 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处，每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号()，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线()划掉。修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均限一词；2. 只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。Id like to take the chance to share my plan with you on our Cross Cultural munication Project. Practical speaking, our munication involves four aspect. First, a brief self-introduction was needed. Then, as all students are extremely interested with foreign students life, food and culture, sharing will surely the most popular. In addition, each one which attends the project is expected to describe the education system employing in their own countries. Last but not the least, exchange of skills for language study are of great value to both sides. Thats all. Im expecting your detail plan. Only with our joint efforts can we ensure the project a great success.【答案】Id like to take the chance to share my plan with you on our Cross Cultural munication Project.speaking, our munication involves four. First, a brief self-introductionneeded. Then, as all students are extremely interestedforeign students life, food and culture, sharing will surelythe most popular. In addition, each oneattends the project is expected to describe the education systemin their own countries. Last but not least, exchange of skills for language studyof great value to both sides. Thats all. Im expecting yourplan. Only with our joint efforts can we ensure the project a great success.第四处：within。根据语境可知，此处指所有的学生对外国学生的生活、食物和文化非常感兴趣。be interested in是固定搭配，表示对感兴趣。第五处：surely后加be。分享一定是最受欢迎的。句中有情态动词will，但后面缺少实义动词或系动词，本句的表语是the most popular，故应在表语前加be。第六处：whichwho。参加这个项目的每一个人都被期望能描述一下他们自己国家所实行的教育制度。分析句子结构可知，此处是定语从句，修饰先行词each one，且关系词在从句中作主语，故用who。第七处：employingemployed。employ与其逻辑主语the education system之间是动宾关系，故应用过去分词作后置定语。