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第3讲 形容词和副词,考点1 形容词和副词词义辨析 【典例】1. (2015浙江高考)Most of us, if we know even a little about where our food comes from, understand that every bite put into our mouths was_alive. A. steadily B. instantly C. formerly D. permanently 【解析】选C。句意: 我们中的大多数人, 哪怕知道一点食物来自哪里, 都会懂得放进嘴里的每一口食物以前都是有生命的。steadily稳定地; instantly立刻, 马上; formerly以前, 原来; permanently永久地, 长期不变地。,2. (2015浙江高考)Listening is thus an active, not a_, behavior consisting of hearing, understanding and remembering. A. considerate B. sensitive C. reliable D. passive 【解析】选D。句意: 因此听力是包括了听、理解和记忆在内的一种主动的、而不是消极的行为。considerate体贴的; sensitive敏感的; reliable可靠的, 可信赖的; passive消极的, 与句子中的active相对。,3. (2014浙江高考)The aim of education is to teach young people to think for themselves and not follow others_. A. blindly B. unwillingly C. closely D. carefully 【解析】选A。句意: 教育的目的是教给年轻人要独立思考, 不要盲目地跟随别人。blindly盲目地; 轻率地, 符合句意。unwillingly不乐意地; closely紧密地, 亲密地; carefully仔细地。根据句意可知A项正确。,4. (2013浙江高考)Mary worked here as a_secretary and ended up getting a full-time job with the company. A. pessimistic B. temporary C. previous D. cautious 【解析】选B。句意: 玛丽开始在这里工作时只是一个临时秘书, 后来却在这家公司得到了一份全职工作。该句中的full-time job暗示出开始只是a temporary secretary。pessimistic悲观的, 悲观主义的; temporary暂时的, 临时的; previous以前的; cautious小心的, 谨慎的。故选B。,5. (2013浙江高考)If we leave right away, well arrive on time. A. hopefully B. curiously C. occasionally D. gradually 【解析】选A。句意: 如果我们立刻出发, 我们有望按时到达。hopefully有希望地; curiously好奇地; occasionally偶尔; gradually逐渐地。故选A。,【解题技巧】 形容词、副词辨析题主要是考查考生的词汇量及在特定语境中熟练应用词汇的能力。要做到: (1)针对高考要求对高考高频词进行分类梳理、强化记忆, 从而做到有备无患。 (2)注意考试题目中的句子语境, 如句子中的关联词、同义词、反义词等对句子选项的影响, 从而做出正确答案。,考点2 形容词、副词的比较级和最高级用法 【典例】1. (2015四川高考)Andy is content with the toy. It is_he has ever got. A. a better B. the better C. a best D. the best 【解析】选D。句意: Andy对这个玩具很满意。这是他曾得到的最好的(玩具)。根据上一句话可知, Andy对这个玩具很满意, 本句中虽然没有出现表示范围的词汇, 但语境通过暗示的形式表达了最高级的用法, 故选D。,2. (2015陕西高考)_more learned a man is, _more modest he usually becomes. A. The; the B. A; a C. The; a D. A; the 【解析】选A。句意: 一个人越博学, 他通常会变得越谦虚。“the +比较级, the +比较级”为含比较级的特殊句型用法。,3. (2014大纲版全国卷)Raymonds parents wanted him to have _ possible education. A. good B. better C. best D. the best 【解析】选D。句意: Raymond的父母希望他能接受最好的教育。the best possible最好的, 固定短语, 作定语。,4. (2013天津高考)I think watching TV every evening is a waste of timethere are _ meaningful things to do. A. less B. more C. the least D. the most 【解析】选B。句意: 我认为每天晚上看电视是浪费时间, 有更多有意义的事情去做。根据句意可知做有意义的事情与看电视是两者之间的比较。,5. (2013江西高考)There are a small number of people involved, possibly _ twenty. A. as few as B. as little as C. as many as D. as much as 【解析】选A。句意: 这涉及少量的人, 可能少到20个。as. . . as. . . 意为“和一样”, 是同级比较结构。few和many后面都接可数名词复数, 但是few强调“少”, many强调“多”; little和much后面都接不可数名词。,【解题技巧】 1. 掌握原级、比较级和最高级常用的句式。 as+形容词或副词原级+as. . . as+adj. +a(n)+单数名词+as. . . /such+a(n)+adj. +单数名词 not so/as+形容词或副词原级+as. . . too/how+adj. +a(n)+名词单数 as many+复数名词+as. . . /as much +不可数名词+as. . . the+比较级. . . , the+比较级. . . 越, 越 注意: as much + a(n)+单数名词+as. . . 既是又是,2. 熟记以下常见的规则。 看到very, quite, fairly, too等词要想到它们通常修饰原级。 看到much, far, rather, no, even, still, any, a bit, a little, by far, a lot, a great deal等词要想到它们用于修饰比较级。 3. 看到“否定词(not/never)+比较级”要想到此句型表示最高级。 It couldnt be better. 这再好不过了。 I have never seen a better film. 4. 在对形容词和副词的比较级、最高级进行考查时, 具有标志性的单词as, than不一定出现, 而是通过语境体现出来, 此时要正确理解句子语境, 理顺上下文的逻辑关系。,考点3 倍数关系句型 【典例】1. (2013安徽高考)Its said that the power plant is now _ large as what it was. A. twice as B. as twice C. twice much D. much twice 【解析】选A。句意: 据说这个发电厂现在是过去的两倍大。倍数表达法有三种: 倍数+as+形容词/副词的原级+as; 倍数+形容词/副词的比较级+than; 倍数+the+名词+of。,2. This restaurant wasnt_that other restaurant we went to. A. half as good as B. as half good as C. as good as half D. good as half as 【解析】选A。句意: 这家饭店不及我们去过的另一家饭店的一半好。当形容词与表达倍数关系的词语连用时, 其正确表达法是: 倍数词+as+形容词原级+as; 倍数词+形容词比较级+than。,【解题技巧】 牢记表示倍数的句型: A is+倍数+比较级+than+B。 A is+倍数+as+原级+as+B。 A is+倍数+the+名词(size, length, height等)+of+B。 the+名词(size, length, height等)+of A +is+倍数+that+of+B。 A is+倍数+what引导的名词性从句。,考点4 形容词作状语 【典例】1. (2013上海高考)The judges gave no hint of what they thought, so I left the room really_. A. to be worried B. to worry C. having worried D. worried 【解析】选D。句意: 法官们没有暗示他们的想法, 所以, 我满怀担心地离开了房间。本句中, 需要一个形容词来说明主语的状态, 语法上叫作“主语补足语”。只有选项D worried是形容词, 可以修饰主语。,2. , she is the sort of woman to spread sunshine to people through her smile. A. Shy and cautious B. Sensitive and thoughtful C. Honest and confident D. Light-hearted and optimistic 【解析】选D。句意: 豁达而乐观使她成为了能用自己的微笑把阳光传递给他人的那种女人。A项意思是“害羞而小心”; B项意思是“敏感而多虑”; C项意思是“诚实而自信”; D项意思是“豁达而乐观”。,【解题技巧】 形容词或形容词短语和副词作状语的区别: 形容词或形容词短语可以在句中作状语, 说明句子中主语或宾语的状态; 而副词作状语一般情况下用来修饰句子的谓语动词或整个句子。 The young man came back home, tired and hungry. 这个年轻人回到家, 又累又饿。,考点5 连接副词 【典例】1. (2014江苏高考)I cant meet you on Sunday. Ill be _ occupied. A. also B. just C. nevertheless D. otherwise 【解析】选D。句意: 我周日不能和你见面, (那时)将另有安排。otherwise occupied相当于engaged忙别的事情。符合句意。,2. (2014江西高考)Thanks for your directions to the house; we wouldnt have found it_. A. nowhere B. however C. otherwise D. instead 【解析】选C。句意: 多谢你把我们领到这所房子, 否则, 我们是不可能找到它的。otherwise要不然, 否则, 符合语境。nowhere无处; however然而; instead代替。,3. (2014安徽高考)Its our hope that we will play a greater role in the market place and, , supply more jobs. A. however B. anywhere C. therefore D. otherwise 【解析】选C。句意: 我们希望在市场中将会起到更大的作用, 因此提供更多的工作。根据句意本句前后是因果关系, 故用therefore因此。however然而; anywhere任何地方; otherwise否则。,4. (2013浙江高考)If what your friend comes up with surprises you, dont reject it immediately. , imagine that it is true. A. Thus B. Besides C. Rather D. Otherwise 【解析】选C。句意: 如果你朋友提出的想法令你吃惊, 不要立即拒绝。而是想象着它是正确的。thus所以, 表示结果; besides而且, 表示递进关系; rather相当于instead, 用在否定句后面的肯定句中; otherwise否则, 不然的话, 表示一种假设。,【解题技巧】 熟记下表高考经常涉及的连接副词:,【误区纠偏】 易错点1 形容词、副词词义辨析不到位 People say Daniel is reliable and honest; , I dont feel I can trust him. (变式)People say Daniel is reliable and honest; I wouldnt feel I can trust him. A. instead B. otherwise C. somehow D. though,【点拨】 (1)题句意: 人们说丹尼尔可靠诚实; 但不知何因, 我却并没感到我可以信赖他。somehow不知怎么地, 不知为什么, 可用在句中用逗号与其他成分分开, 也可直接在句中或句末。故选C。 (2)题, 后半句I wouldnt feel I can trust him为虚拟语气, 是一种隐含条件句, otherwise之前为陈述句, 之后为虚拟句。句意: 人们说丹尼尔可靠诚实, 要不然我也不会觉得我可以信赖他。故选B。,易错点2 对于某些形容词意义理解不充分 Did you look up the time of the high-speed trains to Shanghai? Yes, the early train is_to leave at 5: 30 a. m. . (变式)Did you look up the time of the high-speed trains to Shanghai? No, I guess the early train is_to leave at 5: 30 a. m. . A. likely B. possible C. due D. about,【点拨】 (1)题句意: 你查阅了到上海的高铁的时间了吗? 查了, 早班火车预计在早上五点半发车。due作表语, 表示“(车、船、飞机等)预定的, 预期的”等意义。故选C。 (2)题句意: 你查阅了到上海的高铁的时间了吗? 没有, 我想有可能是在早上五点半发车。句中的guess说明说话人表达的不确定性。故选A。,易错点3 形容词比较级误用 Celine Dion who once performed wonderfully at the Spring Festival Gala of China, is_she was 15 years ago. A. as attractive a star as B. as an attractive star as C. attractive as a star as D. as attractive star as (变式)Celine Dion who once performed wonderfully at the Spring Festival Gala of China, is_before. A. attractive as B. as attractive C. as attractive as D. as much attractive as,【点拨】 (1)题句意: 席琳迪翁曾经在中国春节联欢晚会上进行了精彩的表演, 她现在依然与15年前一样, 是个很有魅力的明星。在as. . . as引导的短语结构中, 第一个as为副词, 要修饰形容词或副词, 即构成“as+adj. +a(n)+单数名词+as. . . ”的形式, 表示“像一样”。故选A。 (2)题中因为没有了名词star, 所以只需要用as+adj. +as的结构, 以表示“和以前一样有魅力”。故选C。 (3)注意分析题干的句式结构, 牢记常见的表达比较概念的固定句式。,
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