2019-2020年高考英语一轮复习 BookI Unit2教学案 人教大纲版.doc

2019-2020年高考英语一轮复习 BookI Unit2教学案 人教大纲版理解:要点诠释1municate讲:v. 告知；交流；沟通；传达；传递；传染；传播（疾病）munication n. 传达；交流；通讯；联络；信息例：Through the Internet ,we can municate directly with the United Nations.通过互联网，我们可以直接与联合国联系。Time devours all things.时间吞噬万物。He was eager to municate his idea to the group.他急于把他的想法传达给小组。The disease is municated through dirty drinking water.这种疾病通过不干净的饮用水传播。Radio and television are important means of munication.收音机和电视是信息交流的重要工具。练：Its no use trying to solve problems _.They wouldnt listen to any suggestions.A. by the way of warB. by forceC. by municationD. by means提示:way之前用介词in表示“用方法”，排除A项；如果选用B项，句意与后一句不一致；故选C。答案:C2pare讲：v.比较；相比例：Those present at the meeting pared the industry development in both countries.与会者对两个国家的工业发展作了比较。It is interesting to pare their situation and ours.把他们的状况和我们的相比很有意思。链接拓展(1)pare A with B 把A与B相比较。指同类事物的具体比较。pare Johns answer with Henry s ,which is better?把约翰和亨利两人的答案比较一下，哪个更好？(2)pare A to B 把A比作B。含有比喻意味。Shakespeare pared the world to a stage.莎士比亚把世界比作一个舞台。(3)pared to/with 与比起来。常用作状语，可位于句首或句末。pared to/with many people ,she was indeed lucky.和许多人比起来，她是幸运的。(4)pare with/to sb ./sth .与类似（或相似）This school pares with the best in the country.=This school is as good as the best in the country.这所学校可与全国最好的学校媲美。练：(1)（xx湖北模拟）_ with the size of the whole earth ,the biggest ocean does not seem big at all.A. pare B. When paringC. paring D. When pared提示:本题考查分词的用法。句子主语ocean与pare之间存在被动关系，因此用过去分词。When pared=When the biggest ocean is pared with.。答案:D(2)In his novels ,he often pared ones life _ a river.A. by B. with C. for D. to提示:句意为:在他的小说中，他常把生命比作河流。pare.to.把比作。答案:D3.end讲:v.& n.结束例：When will the meeting end ?会议什么时间结束？He ended his speech with “Happy New Year” to everybody.他在演讲结束时祝大家新年快乐。链接拓展end构成的短语:(1)end in以的结果(2)end(up)with以而结束(3)at the end of在的尽头(4)by the end of到为止(5)in the end最后(6)without end无尽的；无限的(7)put an end to结束/终止(8)e to an end告终；完结(9)make(both)ends meet使收支相抵练：Youll _ in hospital if you drive so fast.A. die up B. end up C. turn up D. give up提示:end up表示“终了、结束”。答案:B短语1e about讲：该短语意为“（某事）发生”。例：Do you know how the phrase came about?你知道这个成语是怎样产生的吗？How did it e about that you didnt report this to us in good time?你怎么没及时向我们报告？链接提示表示“发生”的词(组)还有: happen ,take place ,break out ,occur。这些词(组)均不能用人作主语，均无被动语态。练：I really dont know how _.A. was the difference e aboutB. the difference was e aboutC. did the difference e aboutD. the difference came about提示:由于宾语从句中必须使用陈述语序，首先排除A、C项；由于e about不能用于被动语态，故选D。答案:D2.more or less讲:该短语意为“大约；差不多；几乎”。例：That table is more or less two meters long.那张桌子大约两米长。Ive more or less finished the book.我差不多已经读完这本书了。She could earn $200 a day ,more or less.她一天大约能挣200美元。链接提示more or less是一个固定结构，or不可换成and。more or less可以修饰数词，意为“大约”；还可修饰动词、分词、形容词，意为“或多或少，差不多，几乎”。通常放在系动词、助动词或情态动词之后，或放在动词之前，也可置于句末。练：If you _ finished ,Ill start clearing up.A. more or less have B. more and less haveC. have more and less D. have more or less提示:全句意思为:如果你差不多吃完了，我就开始收拾了。答案:D3.bring in 讲：该短语意为“吸引；引入；请做；让参加；提出（新法案）；赚得；挣”。例：Experts were brought in to advise the government.政府请来专家出谋划策。They want to bring in a bill to limit arms exports.他们想提出一项限制武器出口的议案。How much does she bring in now?她现在挣多少钱？链接拓展(1)bring about导致；引起What brought about the change in his attitude?是什么使他改变了主意？(2)bring back把送回；归还；使回忆起；恢复；重新使用The photographs brought back many of pleasant memories.照片给人带来很多美好的回忆。Most people are against bringing back death penalty.大多数人反对恢复死刑。(3)bring down打垮；击败；降低；减少；（飞机）着陆；击落We aim to bring down prices on all our puters.我们打算降低我们所有计算机的价格。Twelve enemy fighters had been brought down.有十二架敌方的战斗机被击落。(4)bring up抚养；培养；提起；提出He was brought up by his grandparents in the countryside.他是被乡下的爷爷奶奶带大的。练：(1)Restaurants in this city not only provide job opportunities but _ lots of taxes as well.A. bring in B. bring aboutC. result in D. result from提示:句意为:这个城市的饭店不但提供了就业机会，还带来很多税收。bring in吸引；引入；bring about导致；引起；result in导致；造成；result from是的结果；由造成。答案:A(2)The Internet has brought _ big changes in the way we work.A. about B. outC. back D. up提示:本题考查动词短语的区别。bring about导致，引起；bring out说明，阐明，出版；bring back把送回，归还，使回忆起，恢复，重新使用；bring up抚养，培养，提起，提出。bring about符合句意，故选A。全句意思为:因特网给我们工作的方式带来了很大的变化。答案:A4.more and more 讲:该短语意为“越来越例：More and more people are using the Internet.越来越多的人在使用互联网。She is being more and more interested in going into politics.她对从政越来越感兴趣了。Were walking more and more slowly.我们越走越慢了。链接拓展“the比较级.,the比较级.”相当于汉语的“越，（就）越”。该结构表示两个变化按比例同时递增或递减。前一个“the比较级”结构为从属分句，后一个“the比较级”结构为主句。主句为一般将来时态时，从句(前一个“the比较级.”结构)要用一般现在时。The more you read ,the more youll get.你读的越多，就收获越大。The more difficult the problem is ,the more interested he bees.题越难，他越感兴趣。练：(1) _ people in China prefer to choose a cheap wireless phone service known as “Little Smart”.A. More than B. More and moreC. Many and many D. More and many提示:“比较级and比较级”可以用来表示持续不断的变化。答案:B(2) _ you use English , _ mistakes youll make while using it .Then youll be confident in using it.A. The more；the less B. The more；the fewerC. The more；the more D. More；fewer提示:在the more.,the more.结构中，the不可省略；mistakes是复数名词，可以用more或fewer修饰，不可用less修饰；C项在意思上与后文不一致。答案:B5.at all讲：该短语意为“到底；真的；竟然”。at all 可用于肯定句及疑问句，起强调作用，常带有较强的感情色彩，可译作“到底、真的、竟然”等。例：Did you sleep at all on the plane?你在飞机上真的没睡觉？Do it well if you do it at all.要做就要做好。链接拓展not at all可以用在否定句中，意思是“根本不、一点也不”；也可单独使用，特别是在答语中，意思是“一点也不、没关系、不用谢”。He was not tired at all.他一点也不累。I didnt agree at all.我根本就没同意。Thank you very much for your help.多谢你帮忙。Not at all ,it was a pleasure.别客气，不用谢。练：How much are these bananas _?Five yuan.Oh ,its not expensive _ .A. at all；at all B. all；in allC .in all；at all D .at all；in all提示:in all意为“总计、总共”；at all意为:(用于否定句)全然、完全、根本、丝毫。(用于疑问句)究竟、到底。(用于条件状语从句)既然、果真。答案:C句型1.强调句型及其各种结构讲：注意观察下面教材原句:What is it that Joe cant find in the bathroom?乔在浴室里找不到的是什么？强调句型的结构如下:(1)基本结构:It is/was被强调部分that/who其余部分(2)被强调句子是一般疑问句时，强调句结构:“Is/Was it 被强调部分that/who其他部分(用陈述语序)？”(3)被强调部分是特殊疑问词时，强调句结构:“疑问词is/was that其他部分（陈述语序）？”(4)强调名词性从句引导词时，强调句结构:“引导词it is/wasthat从句其他部分”。(5)对not.until结构中until部分进行强调时，not需要放在被强调部分，句式为:“It is/was not until.that主句部分（用肯定形式）”。例：It was we that/who had a meeting in the meeting room yesterday afternoon.昨天下午是我们在会议室开的会。Was it in the meeting room that you held the meeting yesterday afternoon?你们昨天是在会议室开的会吗？Where was it that you held the meeting?你们是在哪里开的会？He asked where it was that you held the meeting.他问你们是在哪里开的会。It was not until you told me that I knew what he said at the meeting.直到你告诉我，我才知道他在会上讲了什么。链接提示(1)做强调句型选择题时，要区分强调句型和定语从句的区别:一般来说，强调句型可以还原成一个陈述句；而定语从句不能直接还原。(2)近几年经常采取强调特殊疑问词或名词性从句引导词等测试形式。练：（xx北京西城目标检测）Was it what he said or something that he did _ made you cry so sadly ,Sarah?No ,not really.A. which B. thatC. when D. what提示:that引导的是强调句，强调的部分是what he said or something that he did。答案:B2.with名词或代词宾语补足语讲：注意观察下面教材原句:With so many people municating in English every day ,it will bee more and more important to have a good knowledge of English.有那么多的人每天用英语交流，精通英语将会变得越来越重要。“with名词或代词宾语补足语”称作“with的复合结构”。该结构常用作伴随状语，也可用作定语。该结构中的宾语补足语可以是现在分词、过去分词、形容词、副词、动词不定式或介词短语。例：She likes to sleep with the window open.她喜欢开着窗户睡觉。With everything done ,we went home.把所有的事做完以后我们就回家了。Dont stand with your hands in your pockets.站着的时候别把双手插在口袋里。链接提示在with的复合结构中用-ing形式，不定式和过去分词作宾语补足语的区别:(1)现在分词作宾语补足语表示动作正在进行，而且和宾语之间是逻辑上的主谓关系。He lay there ,with his eyes looking at the ceiling.他躺在那儿眼睛盯着天花板。(2)动词不定式作宾补表示动作暂时没有发生，有将来的含义，其动作一般发生在谓语动词的动作之后。With so much homework to do ,he had to stay at home.有许多的作业要做，他不得不留在家里。(3)过去分词作宾补表示动作已经完成，而且和宾语是逻辑上的动宾关系。He lay there with his eyes fixed upon the ceiling.他躺在那儿眼睛盯着天花板。With all his homework done ,Tom went out to play football.把所有的家庭作业都做完之后，汤姆出去踢球去了。练：（1）（xx江苏南通九校联考）_ the problem of land erosion getting more serious, the government is searching for a way to deal with it.A. As B. With C. When D. If提示:as是介词，意为“随着”；as也有此意，但as是连词，后须接句子。C、D两项不合题意。答案:B(2)（xx福建模拟）It was a pity that the great writer died _ his works unfinished.A. for B. with C. from D. of提示:句意为:这个大作家没能完成他的著作就去世了，真是太遗憾了。with的复合结构在句中作伴随状语。答案:B(3)With so many books _ I couldnt go to surf the Internet.A. read B. reading C. to read D. being read提示:句意为:由于有许多书要读，我不能够去上网。读书这个动作还没发生，故选C。答案:C辨析1.besides,except,except for 和except thatbesides意为“除之外，尚有或外加”。except将一个或几个人或物从同一类或普通的种类中除外，意为“除之外”，指“不包括”。其后可接名词、代词、副词、介词短语、动词不定式或wh-从句。except for说明整个基本情况后，对细节加以纠正，后接名词。except that的用法基本同except for，但其后必须接句子。它用来表示理由或细节，修正前面所说的情况。即时练习:(1)We all succeeded _ Tom ,so he is also glad.(2)We all succeeded Tom ,so he is very sad.(3)He is a good man ,hot temper.(4)Your article is quite good there are several spelling mistakes.(5)Your article is quite good several spelling mistakes.答案:(1)besides(2)except(3)except for(4)except that(5)except for2.a number of ,the number ofa number of只能用作定语，修饰可数名词复数，意为“许多；若干”(=many)。number前可用large ,small等修饰词。当它修饰主语时，谓语动词与它修饰的主语一致。the number of 的意思是“的数量；号码”。当它与后面的名词连用时，中心词是the number。如果用作主语，即使后面的名词是复数，谓语也要用单数。即时练习:(1) _ trees planted in our village is never under 200 every year.(2)We have lived here for _ years.(3) _ jobless people grows in the country at present.(4) _ students are playing football on the playground.(5) _ students in our class is over 70.答案:(1)The number of(2)a number of(3)The number of(4)A number of(5)The number of诱思:实例点拨【例1】（xx北京模拟）I couldnt do my homework with all that noise _ .A. going onB. goes on C. went on D. to go on提示:本题考查with的复合结构。依据该结构的使用规则，排除B、C两项。从句意判断，本句表示的是说话时的情况，应该使用现在分词。故选A。答案:A讲评:with的复合结构中既可以使用现在分词，也可以使用动词不定式或过去分词作宾语补足语。解题时要依据它们所表示的被动或主动以及现在或将来的动作选择答案。【例2】（xx江西模拟）Please tell me how the accident _.I am still in the dark.A. came by B. came uponC. came to D. came about提示:e by(为看望某人)作短暂拜访，设法得到(或获得)；e upon偶然遇见，偶然发现；e to合计，共计，总共；e about发生。答案:D讲评:解考查动词短语的选择题时，理解题意并明确各个短语的意思是解题的关键。【例3】（xx山东模拟）_ that he managed to get the information?Oh ,a friend of his helped him.A. Where was it B. What was itC. How was it D. Why was it提示:根据答语Oh ,a friend of his helped him判断，此题应用how引导。此题为强调特殊疑问的强调句型，其结构为“特殊疑问词is/was itthat.?”。答案:C讲评:解本题时，首先应该从强调句型的结构入手，然后注意特殊疑问词的选择，答语中的a friend of his helped him是选择疑问词的关键。